feat(mcp): implement unified MCP management for v3.7.0

BREAKING CHANGE: Migrate from app-specific MCP storage to unified structure

## Phase 1: Data Structure Migration
- Add McpApps struct with claude/codex/gemini boolean fields
- Add McpServer struct for unified server definition
- Add migration logic in MultiAppConfig::migrate_mcp_to_unified()
- Integrate automatic migration into MultiAppConfig::load()
- Support backward compatibility through Optional fields

## Phase 2: Backend Services Refactor
- Completely rewrite services/mcp.rs for unified management:
  * get_all_servers() - retrieve all MCP servers
  * upsert_server() - add/update unified server
  * delete_server() - remove server
  * toggle_app() - enable/disable server for specific app
  * sync_all_enabled() - sync to all live configs
- Add single-server sync functions to mcp.rs:
  * sync_single_server_to_claude/codex/gemini()
  * remove_server_from_claude/codex/gemini()
- Add read_mcp_servers_map() to claude_mcp.rs and gemini_mcp.rs
- Add new Tauri commands to commands/mcp.rs:
  * get_mcp_servers, upsert_mcp_server, delete_mcp_server
  * toggle_mcp_app, sync_all_mcp_servers
- Register new commands in lib.rs

## Migration Strategy
- Detects old structure (mcp.claude/codex/gemini.servers)
- Merges into unified mcp.servers with apps markers
- Handles conflicts by merging enabled apps
- Clears old structures after migration
- Saves migrated config automatically

## Known Issues
- Old commands still need compatibility layer (WIP)
- toml_edit type conversion needs fixing (WIP)
- Frontend not yet implemented (Phase 3 pending)

Related: v3.6.2 -> v3.7.0

src-tauri/src/app_config.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,75 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
-/// MCP 配置：单客户端维度（claude 或 codex 下的一组服务器）
+/// MCP 服务器应用状态（标记应用到哪些客户端）
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct McpApps {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub claude: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub codex: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub gemini: bool,
+}
+
+impl McpApps {
+    /// 检查指定应用是否启用
+    pub fn is_enabled_for(&self, app: &AppType) -> bool {
+        match app {
+            AppType::Claude => self.claude,
+            AppType::Codex => self.codex,
+            AppType::Gemini => self.gemini,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// 设置指定应用的启用状态
+    pub fn set_enabled_for(&mut self, app: &AppType, enabled: bool) {
+        match app {
+            AppType::Claude => self.claude = enabled,
+            AppType::Codex => self.codex = enabled,
+            AppType::Gemini => self.gemini = enabled,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// 获取所有启用的应用列表
+    pub fn enabled_apps(&self) -> Vec<AppType> {
+        let mut apps = Vec::new();
+        if self.claude {
+            apps.push(AppType::Claude);
+        }
+        if self.codex {
+            apps.push(AppType::Codex);
+        }
+        if self.gemini {
+            apps.push(AppType::Gemini);
+        }
+        apps
+    }
+
+    /// 检查是否所有应用都未启用
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        !self.claude && !self.codex && !self.gemini
+    }
+}
+
+/// MCP 服务器定义（v3.7.0 统一结构）
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct McpServer {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub server: serde_json::Value,
+    pub apps: McpApps,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub description: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub homepage: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub docs: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty")]
+    pub tags: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+/// MCP 配置：单客户端维度（v3.6.x 及以前，保留用于向后兼容）
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
 pub struct McpConfig {
     /// 以 id 为键的服务器定义（宽松 JSON 对象，包含 enabled/source 等 UI 辅助字段）
@@ -10,15 +78,27 @@ pub struct McpConfig {
     pub servers: HashMap<String, serde_json::Value>,
 }
 
-/// MCP 根：按客户端分开维护（无历史兼容压力，直接以 v2 结构落地）
+impl McpConfig {
+    /// 检查配置是否为空
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.servers.is_empty()
+    }
+}
+
+/// MCP 根配置（v3.7.0 新旧结构并存）
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
 pub struct McpRoot {
-    #[serde(default)]
+    /// 统一的 MCP 服务器存储（v3.7.0+）
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub servers: Option<HashMap<String, McpServer>>,
+
+    /// 旧的分应用存储（v3.6.x 及以前，保留用于迁移）
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "McpConfig::is_empty")]
     pub claude: McpConfig,
-    #[serde(default)]
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "McpConfig::is_empty")]
     pub codex: McpConfig,
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub gemini: McpConfig, // Gemini MCP 配置（预留）
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "McpConfig::is_empty")]
+    pub gemini: McpConfig,
 }
 
 /// Prompt 配置：单客户端维度
@@ -169,6 +249,13 @@ impl MultiAppConfig {
                 .insert("gemini".to_string(), ProviderManager::default());
         }
 
+        // 执行 MCP 迁移（v3.6.x → v3.7.0）
+        let migrated = config.migrate_mcp_to_unified()?;
+        if migrated {
+            log::info!("MCP 配置已迁移到 v3.7.0 统一结构，保存配置...");
+            config.save()?;
+        }
+
         Ok(config)
     }
 
@@ -296,6 +383,137 @@ impl MultiAppConfig {
         log::info!("自动导入完成: {}", app.as_str());
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    /// 将 v3.6.x 的分应用 MCP 结构迁移到 v3.7.0 的统一结构
+    ///
+    /// 迁移策略：
+    /// 1. 检查是否已经迁移（mcp.servers 是否存在）
+    /// 2. 收集所有应用的 MCP，按 ID 去重合并
+    /// 3. 生成统一的 McpServer 结构，标记应用到哪些客户端
+    /// 4. 清空旧的分应用配置
+    pub fn migrate_mcp_to_unified(&mut self) -> Result<bool, AppError> {
+        // 检查是否已经是新结构
+        if self.mcp.servers.is_some() {
+            log::debug!("MCP 配置已是统一结构，跳过迁移");
+            return Ok(false);
+        }
+
+        log::info!("检测到旧版 MCP 配置格式，开始迁移到 v3.7.0 统一结构...");
+
+        let mut unified_servers: HashMap<String, McpServer> = HashMap::new();
+        let mut conflicts = Vec::new();
+
+        // 收集所有应用的 MCP
+        for app in [AppType::Claude, AppType::Codex, AppType::Gemini] {
+            let old_servers = match app {
+                AppType::Claude => &self.mcp.claude.servers,
+                AppType::Codex => &self.mcp.codex.servers,
+                AppType::Gemini => &self.mcp.gemini.servers,
+            };
+
+            for (id, entry) in old_servers {
+                let enabled = entry
+                    .get("enabled")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_bool())
+                    .unwrap_or(true);
+
+                if let Some(existing) = unified_servers.get_mut(id) {
+                    // 该 ID 已存在，合并 apps 字段
+                    existing.apps.set_enabled_for(&app, enabled);
+
+                    // 检测配置冲突（同 ID 但配置不同）
+                    if existing.server != *entry.get("server").unwrap_or(&serde_json::json!({})) {
+                        conflicts.push(format!(
+                            "MCP '{id}' 在 {} 和之前的应用中配置不同，将使用首次遇到的配置",
+                            app.as_str()
+                        ));
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // 首次遇到该 MCP，创建新条目
+                    let name = entry
+                        .get("name")
+                        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                        .unwrap_or(id)
+                        .to_string();
+
+                    let server = entry
+                        .get("server")
+                        .cloned()
+                        .unwrap_or(serde_json::json!({}));
+
+                    let description = entry
+                        .get("description")
+                        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                        .map(|s| s.to_string());
+
+                    let homepage = entry
+                        .get("homepage")
+                        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                        .map(|s| s.to_string());
+
+                    let docs = entry
+                        .get("docs")
+                        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                        .map(|s| s.to_string());
+
+                    let tags = entry
+                        .get("tags")
+                        .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
+                        .map(|arr| {
+                            arr.iter()
+                                .filter_map(|v| v.as_str().map(|s| s.to_string()))
+                                .collect()
+                        })
+                        .unwrap_or_default();
+
+                    let mut apps = McpApps::default();
+                    apps.set_enabled_for(&app, enabled);
+
+                    unified_servers.insert(
+                        id.clone(),
+                        McpServer {
+                            id: id.clone(),
+                            name,
+                            server,
+                            apps,
+                            description,
+                            homepage,
+                            docs,
+                            tags,
+                        },
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 记录冲突警告
+        if !conflicts.is_empty() {
+            log::warn!("MCP 迁移过程中检测到配置冲突：");
+            for conflict in &conflicts {
+                log::warn!("  - {conflict}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        log::info!(
+            "MCP 迁移完成，共迁移 {} 个服务器{}",
+            unified_servers.len(),
+            if !conflicts.is_empty() {
+                format!("（存在 {} 个冲突）", conflicts.len())
+            } else {
+                String::new()
+            }
+        );
+
+        // 替换为新结构
+        self.mcp.servers = Some(unified_servers);
+
+        // 清空旧的分应用配置
+        self.mcp.claude = McpConfig::default();
+        self.mcp.codex = McpConfig::default();
+        self.mcp.gemini = McpConfig::default();
+
+        Ok(true)
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

src-tauri/src/claude_mcp.rs

@@ -231,6 +231,27 @@ pub fn validate_command_in_path(cmd: &str) -> Result<bool, AppError> {
     Ok(false)
 }
 
+/// 读取 ~/.claude.json 中的 mcpServers 映射
+pub fn read_mcp_servers_map() -> Result<std::collections::HashMap<String, Value>, AppError> {
+    let path = user_config_path();
+    if !path.exists() {
+        return Ok(std::collections::HashMap::new());
+    }
+
+    let root = read_json_value(&path)?;
+    let servers = root
+        .get("mcpServers")
+        .and_then(|v| v.as_object())
+        .map(|obj| {
+            obj.iter()
+                .map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.clone()))
+                .collect()
+        })
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+
+    Ok(servers)
+}
+
 /// 将给定的启用 MCP 服务器映射写入到用户级 ~/.claude.json 的 mcpServers 字段
 /// 仅覆盖 mcpServers，其他字段保持不变
 pub fn set_mcp_servers_map(

src-tauri/src/commands/mcp.rs

@@ -143,3 +143,53 @@ pub async fn sync_enabled_mcp_to_gemini(state: State<'_, AppState>) -> Result<bo
 pub async fn import_mcp_from_gemini(state: State<'_, AppState>) -> Result<usize, String> {
     McpService::import_from_gemini(&state).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
 }
+
+// ============================================================================
+// v3.7.0 新增：统一 MCP 管理命令
+// ============================================================================
+
+use crate::app_config::McpServer;
+
+/// 获取所有 MCP 服务器（统一结构）
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn get_mcp_servers(
+    state: State<'_, AppState>,
+) -> Result<HashMap<String, McpServer>, String> {
+    McpService::get_all_servers(&state).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+}
+
+/// 添加或更新 MCP 服务器
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn upsert_mcp_server(
+    state: State<'_, AppState>,
+    server: McpServer,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    McpService::upsert_server(&state, server).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+}
+
+/// 删除 MCP 服务器
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn delete_mcp_server(
+    state: State<'_, AppState>,
+    id: String,
+) -> Result<bool, String> {
+    McpService::delete_server(&state, &id).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+}
+
+/// 切换 MCP 服务器在指定应用的启用状态
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn toggle_mcp_app(
+    state: State<'_, AppState>,
+    server_id: String,
+    app: String,
+    enabled: bool,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let app_ty = AppType::from_str(&app).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    McpService::toggle_app(&state, &server_id, app_ty, enabled).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+}
+
+/// 手动同步所有启用的 MCP 服务器到对应的应用
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn sync_all_mcp_servers(state: State<'_, AppState>) -> Result<(), String> {
+    McpService::sync_all_enabled(&state).map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+}

src-tauri/src/gemini_mcp.rs

@@ -157,6 +157,27 @@ pub fn delete_mcp_server(id: &str) -> Result<bool, AppError> {
     Ok(true)
 }
 
+/// 读取 Gemini settings.json 中的 mcpServers 映射
+pub fn read_mcp_servers_map() -> Result<std::collections::HashMap<String, Value>, AppError> {
+    let path = user_config_path();
+    if !path.exists() {
+        return Ok(std::collections::HashMap::new());
+    }
+
+    let root = read_json_value(&path)?;
+    let servers = root
+        .get("mcpServers")
+        .and_then(|v| v.as_object())
+        .map(|obj| {
+            obj.iter()
+                .map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.clone()))
+                .collect()
+        })
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+
+    Ok(servers)
+}
+
 /// 将给定的启用 MCP 服务器映射写入到 Gemini settings.json 的 mcpServers 字段
 /// 仅覆盖 mcpServers，其他字段保持不变
 pub fn set_mcp_servers_map(

src-tauri/src/lib.rs

@@ -18,14 +18,16 @@ mod settings;
 mod store;
 mod usage_script;
 
-pub use app_config::{AppType, MultiAppConfig};
+pub use app_config::{AppType, McpServer, MultiAppConfig};
 pub use codex_config::{get_codex_auth_path, get_codex_config_path, write_codex_live_atomic};
 pub use commands::*;
 pub use config::{get_claude_mcp_path, get_claude_settings_path, read_json_file};
 pub use error::AppError;
 pub use mcp::{
-    import_from_claude, import_from_codex, import_from_gemini, sync_enabled_to_claude,
-    sync_enabled_to_codex, sync_enabled_to_gemini,
+    import_from_claude, import_from_codex, import_from_gemini, remove_server_from_claude,
+    remove_server_from_codex, remove_server_from_gemini, sync_enabled_to_claude,
+    sync_enabled_to_codex, sync_enabled_to_gemini, sync_single_server_to_claude,
+    sync_single_server_to_codex, sync_single_server_to_gemini,
 };
 pub use provider::{Provider, ProviderMeta};
 pub use services::{
@@ -545,6 +547,12 @@ pub fn run() {
             commands::import_mcp_from_claude,
             commands::import_mcp_from_codex,
             commands::import_mcp_from_gemini,
+            // v3.7.0: Unified MCP management
+            commands::get_mcp_servers,
+            commands::upsert_mcp_server,
+            commands::delete_mcp_server,
+            commands::toggle_mcp_app,
+            commands::sync_all_mcp_servers,
             // Prompt management
             commands::get_prompts,
             commands::upsert_prompt,

src-tauri/src/mcp.rs

@@ -791,3 +791,140 @@ pub fn import_from_gemini(config: &mut MultiAppConfig) -> Result<usize, AppError
     }
     Ok(changed)
 }
+
+// ============================================================================
+// v3.7.0 新增：单个服务器同步和删除函数
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// 将单个 MCP 服务器同步到 Claude live 配置
+pub fn sync_single_server_to_claude(
+    _config: &MultiAppConfig,
+    id: &str,
+    server_spec: &Value,
+) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+    // 读取现有的 MCP 配置
+    let current = crate::claude_mcp::read_mcp_servers_map()?;
+
+    // 创建新的 HashMap，包含现有的所有服务器 + 当前要同步的服务器
+    let mut updated = current;
+    updated.insert(id.to_string(), server_spec.clone());
+
+    // 写回
+    crate::claude_mcp::set_mcp_servers_map(&updated)
+}
+
+/// 从 Claude live 配置中移除单个 MCP 服务器
+pub fn remove_server_from_claude(id: &str) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+    // 读取现有的 MCP 配置
+    let mut current = crate::claude_mcp::read_mcp_servers_map()?;
+
+    // 移除指定服务器
+    current.remove(id);
+
+    // 写回
+    crate::claude_mcp::set_mcp_servers_map(&current)
+}
+
+/// 将单个 MCP 服务器同步到 Codex live 配置
+pub fn sync_single_server_to_codex(
+    _config: &MultiAppConfig,
+    id: &str,
+    server_spec: &Value,
+) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+    // 读取现有的 config.toml
+    let config_path = crate::codex_config::get_codex_config_path()?;
+
+    let mut doc = if config_path.exists() {
+        let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&config_path)
+            .map_err(|e| AppError::io(&config_path, e))?;
+        content
+            .parse::<toml_edit::DocumentMut>()
+            .map_err(|e| AppError::McpValidation(format!("解析 Codex config.toml 失败: {e}")))?
+    } else {
+        toml_edit::DocumentMut::new()
+    };
+
+    // 确保 [mcp] 表存在
+    if !doc.contains_key("mcp") {
+        doc["mcp"] = toml_edit::table();
+    }
+
+    // 确保 [mcp.servers] 子表存在
+    if !doc["mcp"]
+        .as_table()
+        .and_then(|t| t.get("servers"))
+        .is_some()
+    {
+        doc["mcp"]["servers"] = toml_edit::table();
+    }
+
+    // 将服务器转换为 TOML 格式并插入
+    let toml_value = serde_json::from_value::<toml_edit::Value>(server_spec.clone())
+        .map_err(|e| AppError::McpValidation(format!("无法将 MCP 服务器转换为 TOML: {e}")))?;
+
+    doc["mcp"]["servers"][id] = toml_edit::value(toml_value);
+
+    // 写回文件
+    std::fs::write(&config_path, doc.to_string())
+        .map_err(|e| AppError::io(&config_path, e))?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// 从 Codex live 配置中移除单个 MCP 服务器
+pub fn remove_server_from_codex(id: &str) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+    let config_path = crate::codex_config::get_codex_config_path()?;
+
+    if !config_path.exists() {
+        return Ok(()); // 文件不存在，无需删除
+    }
+
+    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&config_path)
+        .map_err(|e| AppError::io(&config_path, e))?;
+
+    let mut doc = content
+        .parse::<toml_edit::DocumentMut>()
+        .map_err(|e| AppError::McpValidation(format!("解析 Codex config.toml 失败: {e}")))?;
+
+    // 从 [mcp.servers] 中删除
+    if let Some(mcp_table) = doc.get_mut("mcp").and_then(|t| t.as_table_mut()) {
+        if let Some(servers) = mcp_table.get_mut("servers").and_then(|s| s.as_table_mut()) {
+            servers.remove(id);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // 写回文件
+    std::fs::write(&config_path, doc.to_string())
+        .map_err(|e| AppError::io(&config_path, e))?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// 将单个 MCP 服务器同步到 Gemini live 配置
+pub fn sync_single_server_to_gemini(
+    _config: &MultiAppConfig,
+    id: &str,
+    server_spec: &Value,
+) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+    // 读取现有的 MCP 配置
+    let current = crate::gemini_mcp::read_mcp_servers_map()?;
+
+    // 创建新的 HashMap，包含现有的所有服务器 + 当前要同步的服务器
+    let mut updated = current;
+    updated.insert(id.to_string(), server_spec.clone());
+
+    // 写回
+    crate::gemini_mcp::set_mcp_servers_map(&updated)
+}
+
+/// 从 Gemini live 配置中移除单个 MCP 服务器
+pub fn remove_server_from_gemini(id: &str) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+    // 读取现有的 MCP 配置
+    let mut current = crate::gemini_mcp::read_mcp_servers_map()?;
+
+    // 移除指定服务器
+    current.remove(id);
+
+    // 写回
+    crate::gemini_mcp::set_mcp_servers_map(&current)
+}

src-tauri/src/services/mcp.rs

@@ -1,213 +1,189 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
-use serde_json::Value;
-
-use crate::app_config::{AppType, MultiAppConfig};
+use crate::app_config::{AppType, McpServer, MultiAppConfig};
 use crate::error::AppError;
 use crate::mcp;
 use crate::store::AppState;
 
-/// MCP 相关业务逻辑
+/// MCP 相关业务逻辑（v3.7.0 统一结构）
 pub struct McpService;
 
 impl McpService {
-    /// 获取指定应用的 MCP 服务器快照，并在必要时回写归一化后的配置。
-    pub fn get_servers(state: &AppState, app: AppType) -> Result<HashMap<String, Value>, AppError> {
+    /// 获取所有 MCP 服务器（统一结构）
+    pub fn get_all_servers(state: &AppState) -> Result<HashMap<String, McpServer>, AppError> {
+        let cfg = state.config.read()?;
+
+        // 如果是新结构，直接返回
+        if let Some(servers) = &cfg.mcp.servers {
+            return Ok(servers.clone());
+        }
+
+        // 理论上不应该走到这里，因为 load 时会自动迁移
+        Err(AppError::localized(
+            "mcp.old_structure",
+            "检测到旧版 MCP 结构，请重启应用完成迁移",
+            "Old MCP structure detected, please restart app to complete migration",
+        ))
+    }
+
+    /// 添加或更新 MCP 服务器
+    pub fn upsert_server(state: &AppState, server: McpServer) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+        {
             let mut cfg = state.config.write()?;
-        let (snapshot, normalized) = mcp::get_servers_snapshot_for(&mut cfg, &app);
-        drop(cfg);
-        if normalized > 0 {
+
+            // 确保 servers 字段存在
+            if cfg.mcp.servers.is_none() {
+                cfg.mcp.servers = Some(HashMap::new());
+            }
+
+            let servers = cfg.mcp.servers.as_mut().unwrap();
+            let id = server.id.clone();
+
+            // 插入或更新
+            servers.insert(id, server.clone());
+        }
+
         state.save()?;
-        }
-        Ok(snapshot)
+
+        // 同步到各个启用的应用
+        Self::sync_server_to_apps(state, &server)?;
+
+        Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// 在 config.json 中新增或更新指定 MCP 服务器，并按需同步到对应客户端。
-    pub fn upsert_server(
-        state: &AppState,
-        app: AppType,
-        id: &str,
-        spec: Value,
-        sync_other_side: bool,
-    ) -> Result<bool, AppError> {
-        let (changed, snapshot, sync_claude, sync_codex, sync_gemini): (
-            bool,
-            Option<MultiAppConfig>,
-            bool,
-            bool,
-            bool,
-        ) = {
+    /// 删除 MCP 服务器
+    pub fn delete_server(state: &AppState, id: &str) -> Result<bool, AppError> {
+        let server = {
             let mut cfg = state.config.write()?;
-            let changed = mcp::upsert_in_config_for(&mut cfg, &app, id, spec)?;
 
-            // 修复：默认启用（unwrap_or(true)）
-            // 新增的 MCP 如果缺少 enabled 字段，应该默认为启用状态
-            let enabled = cfg
-                .mcp_for(&app)
-                .servers
-                .get(id)
-                .and_then(|entry| entry.get("enabled"))
-                .and_then(|v| v.as_bool())
-                .unwrap_or(true);
-
-            let mut sync_claude = matches!(app, AppType::Claude) && enabled;
-            let mut sync_codex = matches!(app, AppType::Codex) && enabled;
-            let mut sync_gemini = matches!(app, AppType::Gemini) && enabled;
-
-            // 修复：sync_other_side=true 时，先将 MCP 复制到另一侧，然后强制同步
-            // 这才是"同步到另一侧"的正确语义：将 MCP 跨应用复制
-            if sync_other_side && app != AppType::Gemini {
-                // Gemini 暂不支持跨应用复制，直接跳过
-                // 获取当前 MCP 条目的克隆（刚刚插入的，不可能失败）
-                let current_entry = cfg
-                    .mcp_for(&app)
-                    .servers
-                    .get(id)
-                    .cloned()
-                    .expect("刚刚插入的 MCP 条目必定存在");
-
-                // 将该 MCP 复制到另一侧的 servers
-                let other_app = match app {
-                    AppType::Claude => AppType::Codex,
-                    AppType::Codex => AppType::Claude,
-                    AppType::Gemini => unreachable!("Gemini 已在外层 if 中跳过"),
-                };
-
-                cfg.mcp_for_mut(&other_app)
-                    .servers
-                    .insert(id.to_string(), current_entry);
-
-                // 强制同步另一侧
-                match app {
-                    AppType::Claude => sync_codex = true,
-                    AppType::Codex => sync_claude = true,
-                    AppType::Gemini => unreachable!("Gemini 已在外层 if 中跳过"),
-                }
-            }
-
-            let snapshot = if sync_claude || sync_codex || sync_gemini {
-                Some(cfg.clone())
+            if let Some(servers) = &mut cfg.mcp.servers {
+                servers.remove(id)
             } else {
                 None
+            }
         };
 
-            (changed, snapshot, sync_claude, sync_codex, sync_gemini)
-        };
-
-        // 保持原有行为：始终尝试持久化，避免遗漏 normalize 带来的隐式变更
+        if let Some(server) = server {
             state.save()?;
 
-        if let Some(snapshot) = snapshot {
-            if sync_claude {
-                mcp::sync_enabled_to_claude(&snapshot)?;
-            }
-            if sync_codex {
-                mcp::sync_enabled_to_codex(&snapshot)?;
-            }
-            if sync_gemini {
-                mcp::sync_enabled_to_gemini(&snapshot)?;
+            // 从所有应用的 live 配置中移除
+            Self::remove_server_from_all_apps(state, id, &server)?;
+            Ok(true)
+        } else {
+            Ok(false)
         }
     }
 
-        Ok(changed)
-    }
-
-    /// 删除 config.json 中的 MCP 服务器条目，并同步客户端配置。
-    pub fn delete_server(state: &AppState, app: AppType, id: &str) -> Result<bool, AppError> {
-        let (existed, snapshot): (bool, Option<MultiAppConfig>) = {
-            let mut cfg = state.config.write()?;
-            let existed = mcp::delete_in_config_for(&mut cfg, &app, id)?;
-            let snapshot = if existed { Some(cfg.clone()) } else { None };
-            (existed, snapshot)
-        };
-        if existed {
-            state.save()?;
-            if let Some(snapshot) = snapshot {
-                match app {
-                    AppType::Claude => mcp::sync_enabled_to_claude(&snapshot)?,
-                    AppType::Codex => mcp::sync_enabled_to_codex(&snapshot)?,
-                    AppType::Gemini => mcp::sync_enabled_to_gemini(&snapshot)?,
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        Ok(existed)
-    }
-
-    /// 设置 MCP 启用状态，并同步到客户端配置。
-    pub fn set_enabled(
+    /// 切换指定应用的启用状态
+    pub fn toggle_app(
         state: &AppState,
+        server_id: &str,
         app: AppType,
-        id: &str,
         enabled: bool,
-    ) -> Result<bool, AppError> {
-        let (existed, snapshot): (bool, Option<MultiAppConfig>) = {
+    ) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+        let server = {
             let mut cfg = state.config.write()?;
-            let existed = mcp::set_enabled_flag_for(&mut cfg, &app, id, enabled)?;
-            let snapshot = if existed { Some(cfg.clone()) } else { None };
-            (existed, snapshot)
+
+            if let Some(servers) = &mut cfg.mcp.servers {
+                if let Some(server) = servers.get_mut(server_id) {
+                    server.apps.set_enabled_for(&app, enabled);
+                    Some(server.clone())
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
         };
 
-        if existed {
+        if let Some(server) = server {
             state.save()?;
-            if let Some(snapshot) = snapshot {
-                match app {
-                    AppType::Claude => mcp::sync_enabled_to_claude(&snapshot)?,
-                    AppType::Codex => mcp::sync_enabled_to_codex(&snapshot)?,
-                    AppType::Gemini => mcp::sync_enabled_to_gemini(&snapshot)?,
+
+            // 同步到对应应用
+            if enabled {
+                Self::sync_server_to_app(state, &server, &app)?;
+            } else {
+                Self::remove_server_from_app(state, server_id, &app)?;
             }
         }
-        }
-        Ok(existed)
-    }
 
-    /// 手动同步已启用的 MCP 服务器到客户端配置。
-    pub fn sync_enabled(state: &AppState, app: AppType) -> Result<(), AppError> {
-        let (snapshot, normalized): (MultiAppConfig, usize) = {
-            let mut cfg = state.config.write()?;
-            let normalized = mcp::normalize_servers_for(&mut cfg, &app);
-            (cfg.clone(), normalized)
-        };
-        if normalized > 0 {
-            state.save()?;
+        Ok(())
     }
+
+    /// 将 MCP 服务器同步到所有启用的应用
+    fn sync_server_to_apps(state: &AppState, server: &McpServer) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+        let cfg = state.config.read()?;
+
+        for app in server.apps.enabled_apps() {
+            Self::sync_server_to_app_internal(&cfg, server, &app)?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// 将 MCP 服务器同步到指定应用
+    fn sync_server_to_app(
+        state: &AppState,
+        server: &McpServer,
+        app: &AppType,
+    ) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+        let cfg = state.config.read()?;
+        Self::sync_server_to_app_internal(&cfg, server, app)
+    }
+
+    fn sync_server_to_app_internal(
+        cfg: &MultiAppConfig,
+        server: &McpServer,
+        app: &AppType,
+    ) -> Result<(), AppError> {
         match app {
-            AppType::Claude => mcp::sync_enabled_to_claude(&snapshot)?,
-            AppType::Codex => mcp::sync_enabled_to_codex(&snapshot)?,
-            AppType::Gemini => mcp::sync_enabled_to_gemini(&snapshot)?,
+            AppType::Claude => {
+                mcp::sync_single_server_to_claude(cfg, &server.id, &server.server)?;
+            }
+            AppType::Codex => {
+                mcp::sync_single_server_to_codex(cfg, &server.id, &server.server)?;
+            }
+            AppType::Gemini => {
+                mcp::sync_single_server_to_gemini(cfg, &server.id, &server.server)?;
+            }
         }
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// 从 Claude 客户端配置导入 MCP 定义。
-    pub fn import_from_claude(state: &AppState) -> Result<usize, AppError> {
-        let mut cfg = state.config.write()?;
-        let changed = mcp::import_from_claude(&mut cfg)?;
-        drop(cfg);
-        if changed > 0 {
-            state.save()?;
+    /// 从所有曾启用过该服务器的应用中移除
+    fn remove_server_from_all_apps(
+        state: &AppState,
+        id: &str,
+        server: &McpServer,
+    ) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+        // 从所有曾启用的应用中移除
+        for app in server.apps.enabled_apps() {
+            Self::remove_server_from_app(state, id, &app)?;
         }
-        Ok(changed)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// 从 Codex 客户端配置导入 MCP 定义。
-    pub fn import_from_codex(state: &AppState) -> Result<usize, AppError> {
-        let mut cfg = state.config.write()?;
-        let changed = mcp::import_from_codex(&mut cfg)?;
-        drop(cfg);
-        if changed > 0 {
-            state.save()?;
+    fn remove_server_from_app(
+        _state: &AppState,
+        id: &str,
+        app: &AppType,
+    ) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+        match app {
+            AppType::Claude => mcp::remove_server_from_claude(id)?,
+            AppType::Codex => mcp::remove_server_from_codex(id)?,
+            AppType::Gemini => mcp::remove_server_from_gemini(id)?,
         }
-        Ok(changed)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// 从 Gemini 客户端配置导入 MCP 定义。
-    pub fn import_from_gemini(state: &AppState) -> Result<usize, AppError> {
-        let mut cfg = state.config.write()?;
-        let changed = mcp::import_from_gemini(&mut cfg)?;
-        drop(cfg);
-        if changed > 0 {
-            state.save()?;
+    /// 手动同步所有启用的 MCP 服务器到对应的应用
+    pub fn sync_all_enabled(state: &AppState) -> Result<(), AppError> {
+        let servers = Self::get_all_servers(state)?;
+
+        for server in servers.values() {
+            Self::sync_server_to_apps(state, server)?;
         }
-        Ok(changed)
+
+        Ok(())
     }
 }