// eBPF module - currently stub implementation for Linux // Most functionality not yet implemented #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] use crate::ProcessInfo; #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] use std::collections::HashMap; #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex}; #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime}; /// Linux eBPF-based Process Injection Detection /// Provides kernel-level tracing and detection capabilities on Linux systems #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] pub struct EbpfDetector { program_manager: EbpfProgramManager, event_processor: EbpfEventProcessor, filter_manager: EbpfFilterManager, ring_buffer: Arc>, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl std::fmt::Debug for EbpfDetector { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result { f.debug_struct("EbpfDetector") .field("program_manager", &self.program_manager) .field("event_processor", &"") .field("filter_manager", &self.filter_manager) .field("ring_buffer", &">>") .finish() } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug)] pub struct EbpfProgramManager { loaded_programs: HashMap, program_definitions: Vec, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct LoadedProgram { pub program_id: u32, pub program_type: EbpfProgramType, pub attach_point: String, pub fd: i32, pub loaded_at: SystemTime, pub event_count: u64, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum EbpfProgramType { Kprobe, Kretprobe, Tracepoint, Uprobe, Uretprobe, PerfEvent, SocketFilter, SchedCls, SchedAct, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct EbpfProgramDefinition { pub name: String, pub program_type: EbpfProgramType, pub attach_points: Vec, pub bytecode: Vec, pub description: String, pub enabled: bool, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] pub struct EbpfEventProcessor { event_handlers: HashMap>, detection_rules: Vec, process_tracker: ProcessTracker, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)] pub enum EventType { ProcessCreate, ProcessExit, MemoryMap, MemoryUnmap, MemoryProtect, FileOpen, FileClose, NetworkConnect, NetworkAccept, SyscallEntry, SyscallExit, ThreadCreate, ThreadExit, ProcessInjection, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] pub trait EventHandler: Send + Sync { fn handle_event(&mut self, event: &EbpfEvent) -> Option; fn get_event_type(&self) -> EventType; } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct EbpfEvent { pub timestamp: u64, pub pid: u32, pub tid: u32, pub event_type: EventType, pub data: EbpfEventData, pub cpu: u32, pub comm: String, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum EbpfEventData { ProcessCreate(ProcessCreateData), ProcessExit(ProcessExitData), MemoryMap(MemoryMapData), MemoryProtect(MemoryProtectData), FileAccess(FileAccessData), NetworkActivity(NetworkActivityData), Syscall(SyscallData), ProcessInjection(ProcessInjectionData), } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct ProcessCreateData { pub parent_pid: u32, pub filename: String, pub argv: Vec, pub envp: Vec, pub uid: u32, pub gid: u32, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct ProcessExitData { pub exit_code: i32, pub exit_signal: i32, pub runtime_ms: u64, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct MemoryMapData { pub address: u64, pub length: u64, pub protection: u32, pub flags: u32, pub fd: i32, pub offset: u64, pub filename: Option, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct MemoryProtectData { pub address: u64, pub length: u64, pub old_protection: u32, pub new_protection: u32, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct FileAccessData { pub filename: String, pub flags: u32, pub mode: u32, pub fd: i32, pub operation: FileOperation, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum FileOperation { Open, Close, Read, Write, Seek, Truncate, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct NetworkActivityData { pub local_addr: String, pub local_port: u16, pub remote_addr: String, pub remote_port: u16, pub protocol: NetworkProtocol, pub operation: NetworkOperation, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum NetworkProtocol { TCP, UDP, ICMP, RAW, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum NetworkOperation { Connect, Accept, Send, Receive, Close, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct SyscallData { pub syscall_number: u64, pub syscall_name: String, pub args: Vec, pub return_value: i64, pub duration_ns: u64, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct ProcessInjectionData { pub target_pid: u32, pub injection_type: InjectionType, pub memory_address: u64, pub memory_size: u64, pub source_process: u32, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum InjectionType { PtraceInject, ProcMemInject, SharedLibraryInject, ElfInjection, ShellcodeInject, CodeCaveInject, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct DetectionEvent { pub timestamp: SystemTime, pub event_id: String, pub detection_type: DetectionType, pub confidence: f32, pub severity: EventSeverity, pub process_info: ProcessInfo, pub indicators: Vec, pub raw_events: Vec, pub context: DetectionContext, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum DetectionType { ProcessHollowing, DllInjection, ShellcodeInjection, PtraceInjection, ProcessDoppelganging, AtomBombing, ProcessGhosting, ManualDllLoading, ReflectiveDllLoading, ProcessOverwriting, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum EventSeverity { Info, Low, Medium, High, Critical, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct DetectionContext { pub mitre_technique: String, pub attack_chain: Vec, pub affected_processes: Vec, pub network_connections: Vec, pub file_modifications: Vec, pub privilege_escalations: Vec, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug)] pub struct EbpfDetectionRule { pub rule_id: String, pub name: String, pub description: String, pub conditions: Vec, pub confidence_weight: f32, pub severity: EventSeverity, pub mitre_technique: String, pub enabled: bool, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum DetectionCondition { EventSequence { events: Vec, time_window: Duration, same_process: bool, }, MemoryPattern { pattern: MemoryPatternType, threshold: f32, }, ProcessBehavior { behavior: ProcessBehaviorType, threshold: u32, }, FileSystemActivity { pattern: FileSystemPattern, suspicious_paths: Vec, }, NetworkActivity { pattern: NetworkPattern, suspicious_destinations: Vec, }, SyscallPattern { syscalls: Vec, frequency_threshold: u32, time_window: Duration, }, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum MemoryPatternType { RWXAllocation, ExecutableMapping, SuspiciousProtectionChange, LargeAllocation, PatternMatching(Vec), } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum ProcessBehaviorType { RapidProcessCreation, UnusualParentChild, PrivilegeEscalation, ProcessMasquerading, HollowedProcess, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum FileSystemPattern { TemporaryFileCreation, ExecutableModification, SystemFileAccess, HiddenFileCreation, ConfigurationModification, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum NetworkPattern { UnusualOutboundConnection, CommandControlCommunication, DataExfiltration, LateralMovement, TunneledTraffic, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug)] pub struct ProcessTracker { processes: HashMap, process_tree: HashMap>, injection_timeline: Vec, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct TrackedProcess { pub pid: u32, pub ppid: u32, pub command: String, pub start_time: SystemTime, pub memory_maps: Vec, pub file_operations: Vec, pub network_connections: Vec, pub syscall_history: Vec, pub injection_indicators: Vec, pub suspicious_score: f32, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct InjectionEvent { pub timestamp: SystemTime, pub source_pid: u32, pub target_pid: u32, pub injection_type: InjectionType, pub indicators: Vec, pub confidence: f32, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct InjectionIndicator { pub indicator_type: IndicatorType, pub description: String, pub confidence: f32, pub timestamp: SystemTime, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum IndicatorType { SuspiciousMemoryOperation, UnusualSyscallSequence, ProcessTreeAnomaly, FileSystemModification, NetworkCommunication, PrivilegeOperation, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug)] pub struct EbpfFilterManager { active_filters: HashMap, filter_statistics: HashMap, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct EbpfFilter { pub filter_id: String, pub name: String, pub description: String, pub event_types: Vec, pub conditions: Vec, pub action: FilterAction, pub enabled: bool, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum FilterCondition { ProcessName(String), ProcessId(u32), UserId(u32), EventFrequency { max_events: u32, time_window: Duration, }, MemoryThreshold(u64), FilePattern(String), NetworkDestination(String), } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub enum FilterAction { Allow, Block, Monitor, Alert, Quarantine, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct FilterStats { pub events_processed: u64, pub events_filtered: u64, pub last_update: SystemTime, pub performance_impact: f32, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug)] pub struct EbpfRingBuffer { buffer: Vec, read_index: usize, write_index: usize, capacity: usize, lost_events: u64, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EbpfDetector { pub fn new() -> Result { let program_manager = EbpfProgramManager::new()?; let event_processor = EbpfEventProcessor::new(); let filter_manager = EbpfFilterManager::new(); let ring_buffer = Arc::new(Mutex::new(EbpfRingBuffer::new(1024 * 1024))); // 1MB buffer Ok(Self { program_manager, event_processor, filter_manager, ring_buffer, }) } /// Initialize eBPF programs for process injection detection pub fn initialize(&mut self) -> Result<(), EbpfError> { // Load core detection programs self.load_process_monitoring_programs()?; self.load_memory_monitoring_programs()?; self.load_injection_detection_programs()?; self.load_syscall_monitoring_programs()?; // Set up event processing self.setup_event_handlers()?; // Configure default filters self.setup_default_filters()?; Ok(()) } /// Load eBPF programs for process monitoring fn load_process_monitoring_programs(&mut self) -> Result<(), EbpfError> { // Process creation monitoring let process_create_program = EbpfProgramDefinition { name: "process_create_monitor".to_string(), program_type: EbpfProgramType::Tracepoint, attach_points: vec!["sched:sched_process_fork".to_string()], bytecode: self.compile_process_create_program()?, description: "Monitor process creation events".to_string(), enabled: true, }; self.program_manager.load_program(process_create_program)?; // Process exit monitoring let process_exit_program = EbpfProgramDefinition { name: "process_exit_monitor".to_string(), program_type: EbpfProgramType::Tracepoint, attach_points: vec!["sched:sched_process_exit".to_string()], bytecode: self.compile_process_exit_program()?, description: "Monitor process exit events".to_string(), enabled: true, }; self.program_manager.load_program(process_exit_program)?; Ok(()) } /// Load eBPF programs for memory monitoring fn load_memory_monitoring_programs(&mut self) -> Result<(), EbpfError> { // Memory mapping monitoring let mmap_program = EbpfProgramDefinition { name: "memory_map_monitor".to_string(), program_type: EbpfProgramType::Kprobe, attach_points: vec!["sys_mmap".to_string(), "sys_mmap2".to_string()], bytecode: self.compile_mmap_program()?, description: "Monitor memory mapping operations".to_string(), enabled: true, }; self.program_manager.load_program(mmap_program)?; // Memory protection monitoring let mprotect_program = EbpfProgramDefinition { name: "memory_protect_monitor".to_string(), program_type: EbpfProgramType::Kprobe, attach_points: vec!["sys_mprotect".to_string()], bytecode: self.compile_mprotect_program()?, description: "Monitor memory protection changes".to_string(), enabled: true, }; self.program_manager.load_program(mprotect_program)?; Ok(()) } /// Load eBPF programs for injection detection fn load_injection_detection_programs(&mut self) -> Result<(), EbpfError> { // Ptrace monitoring for injection detection let ptrace_program = EbpfProgramDefinition { name: "ptrace_injection_monitor".to_string(), program_type: EbpfProgramType::Kprobe, attach_points: vec!["sys_ptrace".to_string()], bytecode: self.compile_ptrace_program()?, description: "Monitor ptrace operations for injection".to_string(), enabled: true, }; self.program_manager.load_program(ptrace_program)?; // Process memory access monitoring let proc_mem_program = EbpfProgramDefinition { name: "proc_mem_monitor".to_string(), program_type: EbpfProgramType::Kprobe, attach_points: vec!["vfs_read".to_string(), "vfs_write".to_string()], bytecode: self.compile_proc_mem_program()?, description: "Monitor /proc/[pid]/mem access".to_string(), enabled: true, }; self.program_manager.load_program(proc_mem_program)?; Ok(()) } /// Load eBPF programs for syscall monitoring fn load_syscall_monitoring_programs(&mut self) -> Result<(), EbpfError> { // General syscall monitoring let syscall_program = EbpfProgramDefinition { name: "syscall_monitor".to_string(), program_type: EbpfProgramType::Tracepoint, attach_points: vec![ "raw_syscalls:sys_enter".to_string(), "raw_syscalls:sys_exit".to_string(), ], bytecode: self.compile_syscall_program()?, description: "Monitor suspicious syscall patterns".to_string(), enabled: true, }; self.program_manager.load_program(syscall_program)?; Ok(()) } /// Set up event handlers for different event types fn setup_event_handlers(&mut self) -> Result<(), EbpfError> { self.event_processor.register_handler( EventType::ProcessCreate, Box::new(ProcessCreateHandler::new()), ); self.event_processor .register_handler(EventType::MemoryMap, Box::new(MemoryMapHandler::new())); self.event_processor.register_handler( EventType::MemoryProtect, Box::new(MemoryProtectHandler::new()), ); self.event_processor.register_handler( EventType::ProcessInjection, Box::new(InjectionHandler::new()), ); Ok(()) } /// Configure default filters to reduce noise fn setup_default_filters(&mut self) -> Result<(), EbpfError> { // Filter out common system processes let system_filter = EbpfFilter { filter_id: "system_processes".to_string(), name: "System Process Filter".to_string(), description: "Filter out common system processes".to_string(), event_types: vec![EventType::ProcessCreate, EventType::MemoryMap], conditions: vec![ FilterCondition::ProcessName("kthreadd".to_string()), FilterCondition::ProcessName("ksoftirqd".to_string()), FilterCondition::ProcessName("migration".to_string()), ], action: FilterAction::Allow, enabled: true, }; self.filter_manager.add_filter(system_filter); // High-frequency event throttling let frequency_filter = EbpfFilter { filter_id: "frequency_limit".to_string(), name: "Event Frequency Limiter".to_string(), description: "Limit high-frequency events".to_string(), event_types: vec![EventType::SyscallEntry, EventType::SyscallExit], conditions: vec![FilterCondition::EventFrequency { max_events: 1000, time_window: Duration::from_secs(1), }], action: FilterAction::Monitor, enabled: true, }; self.filter_manager.add_filter(frequency_filter); Ok(()) } /// Process events from the ring buffer pub fn process_events(&mut self) -> Result, EbpfError> { let mut detection_events = Vec::new(); let events = { let mut buffer = self.ring_buffer.lock().unwrap(); buffer.drain_events() }; for event in events { // Apply filters if self.filter_manager.should_process(&event) { // Process event through detection rules if let Some(detection) = self.event_processor.process_event(event) { detection_events.push(detection); } } } Ok(detection_events) } /// Compile eBPF bytecode for process creation monitoring fn compile_process_create_program(&self) -> Result, EbpfError> { // In a real implementation, this would compile eBPF C code // For now, return placeholder bytecode Ok(vec![0; 512]) // Placeholder } /// Compile eBPF bytecode for process exit monitoring fn compile_process_exit_program(&self) -> Result, EbpfError> { Ok(vec![0; 512]) // Placeholder } /// Compile eBPF bytecode for memory mapping monitoring fn compile_mmap_program(&self) -> Result, EbpfError> { Ok(vec![0; 1024]) // Placeholder } /// Compile eBPF bytecode for memory protection monitoring fn compile_mprotect_program(&self) -> Result, EbpfError> { Ok(vec![0; 1024]) // Placeholder } /// Compile eBPF bytecode for ptrace monitoring fn compile_ptrace_program(&self) -> Result, EbpfError> { Ok(vec![0; 1024]) // Placeholder } /// Compile eBPF bytecode for /proc/mem monitoring fn compile_proc_mem_program(&self) -> Result, EbpfError> { Ok(vec![0; 1024]) // Placeholder } /// Compile eBPF bytecode for syscall monitoring fn compile_syscall_program(&self) -> Result, EbpfError> { Ok(vec![0; 2048]) // Placeholder } /// Get detection statistics pub fn get_statistics(&self) -> EbpfStatistics { EbpfStatistics { loaded_programs: self.program_manager.loaded_programs.len(), total_events_processed: 0, // Would be tracked in real implementation detections_generated: 0, // Would be tracked in real implementation filter_efficiency: 0.0, // Would be calculated in real implementation performance_impact: 0.0, // Would be measured in real implementation } } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, Clone)] pub struct EbpfStatistics { pub loaded_programs: usize, pub total_events_processed: u64, pub detections_generated: u64, pub filter_efficiency: f32, pub performance_impact: f32, } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)] pub enum EbpfError { #[error("Failed to load eBPF program: {0}")] ProgramLoadError(String), #[error("Failed to attach eBPF program: {0}")] AttachError(String), #[error("Event processing error: {0}")] EventProcessingError(String), #[error("Compilation error: {0}")] CompilationError(String), #[error("Permission denied: {0}")] PermissionError(String), #[error("Kernel version not supported: {0}")] KernelVersionError(String), } // Placeholder implementations for handlers #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] pub struct ProcessCreateHandler; #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl ProcessCreateHandler { pub fn new() -> Self { Self } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EventHandler for ProcessCreateHandler { fn handle_event(&mut self, _event: &EbpfEvent) -> Option { // Process creation event handling logic None } fn get_event_type(&self) -> EventType { EventType::ProcessCreate } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] pub struct MemoryMapHandler; #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl MemoryMapHandler { pub fn new() -> Self { Self } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EventHandler for MemoryMapHandler { fn handle_event(&mut self, _event: &EbpfEvent) -> Option { // Memory mapping event handling logic None } fn get_event_type(&self) -> EventType { EventType::MemoryMap } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] pub struct MemoryProtectHandler; #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl MemoryProtectHandler { pub fn new() -> Self { Self } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EventHandler for MemoryProtectHandler { fn handle_event(&mut self, _event: &EbpfEvent) -> Option { // Memory protection change event handling logic None } fn get_event_type(&self) -> EventType { EventType::MemoryProtect } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] pub struct InjectionHandler; #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl InjectionHandler { pub fn new() -> Self { Self } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EventHandler for InjectionHandler { fn handle_event(&mut self, _event: &EbpfEvent) -> Option { // Process injection event handling logic None } fn get_event_type(&self) -> EventType { EventType::ProcessInjection } } // Placeholder implementations for managers #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EbpfProgramManager { pub fn new() -> Result { Ok(Self { loaded_programs: HashMap::new(), program_definitions: Vec::new(), }) } pub fn load_program(&mut self, program: EbpfProgramDefinition) -> Result<(), EbpfError> { // eBPF program loading logic println!("Loading eBPF program: {}", program.name); Ok(()) } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EbpfEventProcessor { pub fn new() -> Self { Self { event_handlers: HashMap::new(), detection_rules: Vec::new(), process_tracker: ProcessTracker::new(), } } pub fn register_handler(&mut self, event_type: EventType, handler: Box) { self.event_handlers.insert(event_type, handler); } pub fn process_event(&mut self, _event: EbpfEvent) -> Option { // Event processing logic None } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl ProcessTracker { pub fn new() -> Self { Self { processes: HashMap::new(), process_tree: HashMap::new(), injection_timeline: Vec::new(), } } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EbpfFilterManager { pub fn new() -> Self { Self { active_filters: HashMap::new(), filter_statistics: HashMap::new(), } } pub fn add_filter(&mut self, filter: EbpfFilter) { self.active_filters.insert(filter.filter_id.clone(), filter); } pub fn should_process(&self, _event: &EbpfEvent) -> bool { // Filter evaluation logic true } } #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] impl EbpfRingBuffer { pub fn new(capacity: usize) -> Self { Self { buffer: Vec::with_capacity(capacity), read_index: 0, write_index: 0, capacity, lost_events: 0, } } pub fn drain_events(&mut self) -> Vec { // Drain events from ring buffer Vec::new() } } // For non-Linux systems, provide a stub implementation #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))] pub struct EbpfDetector; #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))] impl EbpfDetector { pub fn new() -> Result { Err("eBPF detection is only supported on Linux") } pub fn initialize(&mut self) -> Result<(), &'static str> { Err("eBPF detection is only supported on Linux") } }