diff --git a/cmd/gluetun/main.go b/cmd/gluetun/main.go
index ad3792a6..72043838 100644
--- a/cmd/gluetun/main.go
+++ b/cmd/gluetun/main.go
@@ -135,8 +135,16 @@ func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
 		}
 	}
 
+	// TODO run this in a loop or in openvpn to reload from file without restarting
+	storageLogger := logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "storage: "})
+	storage, err := storage.New(storageLogger, constants.ServersData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	allServers := storage.GetServers()
+
 	var allSettings configuration.Settings
-	err := allSettings.Read(env,
+	err = allSettings.Read(env, allServers,
 		logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "configuration: "}))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -200,15 +208,6 @@ func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
 		return err
 	}
 
-	// TODO run this in a loop or in openvpn to reload from file without restarting
-	storage := storage.New(
-		logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "storage: "}),
-		constants.ServersData)
-	allServers, err := storage.SyncServers(constants.GetAllServers())
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
 	const defaultUsername = "nonrootuser"
 	nonRootUsername, err := alpineConf.CreateUser(defaultUsername, puid)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/cli/openvpnconfig.go b/internal/cli/openvpnconfig.go
index de2d1f59..1ccdeaf5 100644
--- a/internal/cli/openvpnconfig.go
+++ b/internal/cli/openvpnconfig.go
@@ -18,13 +18,14 @@ type OpenvpnConfigMaker interface {
 }
 
 func (c *CLI) OpenvpnConfig(logger logging.Logger, env params.Interface) error {
-	var allSettings configuration.Settings
-	err := allSettings.Read(env, logger)
+	storage, err := storage.New(logger, constants.ServersData)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	allServers, err := storage.New(logger, constants.ServersData).
-		SyncServers(constants.GetAllServers())
+	allServers := storage.GetServers()
+
+	var allSettings configuration.Settings
+	err = allSettings.Read(env, allServers, logger)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/internal/cli/update.go b/internal/cli/update.go
index 8eaa5156..d7d6aafa 100644
--- a/internal/cli/update.go
+++ b/internal/cli/update.go
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import (
 
 var (
 	ErrModeUnspecified         = errors.New("at least one of -enduser or -maintainers must be specified")
-	ErrSyncServers             = errors.New("cannot sync hardcoded and persisted servers")
+	ErrNewStorage              = errors.New("cannot create storage")
 	ErrUpdateServerInformation = errors.New("cannot update server information")
 	ErrWriteToFile             = errors.New("cannot write updated information to file")
 )
@@ -68,11 +68,13 @@ func (c *CLI) Update(ctx context.Context, args []string, logger logging.Logger)
 
 	const clientTimeout = 10 * time.Second
 	httpClient := &http.Client{Timeout: clientTimeout}
-	storage := storage.New(logger, constants.ServersData)
-	currentServers, err := storage.SyncServers(constants.GetAllServers())
+
+	storage, err := storage.New(logger, constants.ServersData)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrSyncServers, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrNewStorage, err)
 	}
+	currentServers := storage.GetServers()
+
 	updater := updater.New(options, httpClient, currentServers, logger)
 	allServers, err := updater.UpdateServers(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/configuration/cyberghost.go b/internal/configuration/cyberghost.go
index b66f77bc..15d63d85 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/cyberghost.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/cyberghost.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readCyberghost(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Cyberghost
+	servers := r.servers.GetCyberghost()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -15,17 +16,18 @@ func (settings *Provider) readCyberghost(r reader) (err error) {
 	}
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.Groups, err = r.env.CSVInside("CYBERGHOST_GROUP",
-		constants.CyberghostGroupChoices())
+		constants.CyberghostGroupChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CYBERGHOST_GROUP: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.CyberghostRegionChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.CyberghostRegionChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.CyberghostHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.CyberghostHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/fastestvpn.go b/internal/configuration/fastestvpn.go
index 7eebdf30..f35657b6 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/fastestvpn.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/fastestvpn.go
@@ -8,18 +8,20 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readFastestvpn(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Fastestvpn
+	servers := r.servers.GetFastestvpn()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.FastestvpnHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.FastestvpnHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.FastestvpnCountriesChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.FastestvpnCountriesChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/health.go b/internal/configuration/health.go
index 8ba32d7e..4d0747c3 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/health.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/health.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/params"
 )
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ func (settings *Health) lines() (lines []string) {
 
 // Read is to be used for the healthcheck query mode.
 func (settings *Health) Read(env params.Interface, logger logging.Logger) (err error) {
-	reader := newReader(env, logger)
+	reader := newReader(env, models.AllServers{}, logger) // note: no need for servers data
 	return settings.read(reader)
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/configuration/hidemyass.go b/internal/configuration/hidemyass.go
index 9677ff2a..4bae3f15 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/hidemyass.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/hidemyass.go
@@ -8,28 +8,30 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readHideMyAss(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.HideMyAss
+	servers := r.servers.GetHideMyAss()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.HideMyAssCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.HideMyAssCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.HideMyAssCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.HideMyAssCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.HideMyAssCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.HideMyAssCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.HideMyAssHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.HideMyAssHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/ipvanish.go b/internal/configuration/ipvanish.go
index 4b9be342..6764ad78 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/ipvanish.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/ipvanish.go
@@ -8,23 +8,25 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readIpvanish(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Ipvanish
+	servers := r.servers.GetIpvanish()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.IpvanishCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.IpvanishCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.IpvanishCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.IpvanishCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.IpvanishHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.IpvanishHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/ipvanish_test.go b/internal/configuration/ipvanish_test.go
index ab51c6fe..6d136f87 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/ipvanish_test.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/ipvanish_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/params/mock_params"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@@ -119,21 +120,28 @@ func Test_Provider_readIpvanish(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 			ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
 
+			servers := []models.IpvanishServer{{Hostname: "a"}}
+			allServers := models.AllServers{
+				Ipvanish: models.IpvanishServers{
+					Servers: servers,
+				},
+			}
+
 			env := mock_params.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 			if testCase.targetIP.call {
 				env.EXPECT().Get("OPENVPN_TARGET_IP").
 					Return(testCase.targetIP.value, testCase.targetIP.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.countries.call {
-				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.IpvanishCountryChoices()).
+				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.IpvanishCountryChoices(servers)).
 					Return(testCase.countries.values, testCase.countries.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.cities.call {
-				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("CITY", constants.IpvanishCityChoices()).
+				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("CITY", constants.IpvanishCityChoices(servers)).
 					Return(testCase.cities.values, testCase.cities.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.hostnames.call {
-				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.IpvanishHostnameChoices()).
+				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.IpvanishHostnameChoices(servers)).
 					Return(testCase.hostnames.values, testCase.hostnames.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.protocol.call {
@@ -141,7 +149,10 @@ func Test_Provider_readIpvanish(t *testing.T) {
 					Return(testCase.protocol.value, testCase.protocol.err)
 			}
 
-			r := reader{env: env}
+			r := reader{
+				servers: allServers,
+				env:     env,
+			}
 
 			var settings Provider
 			err := settings.readIpvanish(r)
diff --git a/internal/configuration/ivpn.go b/internal/configuration/ivpn.go
index 09bf32e9..25b00c2f 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/ivpn.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/ivpn.go
@@ -9,28 +9,29 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readIvpn(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Ivpn
+	servers := r.servers.GetIvpn()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.IvpnCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.IvpnCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.IvpnCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.IvpnCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.ISPs, err = r.env.CSVInside("ISP", constants.IvpnISPChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.ISPs, err = r.env.CSVInside("ISP", constants.IvpnISPChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable ISP: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.IvpnHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.IvpnHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/ivpn_test.go b/internal/configuration/ivpn_test.go
index b8c2aa98..31a2df6a 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/ivpn_test.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/ivpn_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/params/mock_params"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@@ -183,24 +184,31 @@ func Test_Provider_readIvpn(t *testing.T) { //nolint:gocognit
 
 			env := mock_params.NewMockInterface(ctrl)
 
+			servers := []models.IvpnServer{{Hostname: "a"}}
+			allServers := models.AllServers{
+				Ivpn: models.IvpnServers{
+					Servers: servers,
+				},
+			}
+
 			if testCase.targetIP.call {
 				env.EXPECT().Get("OPENVPN_TARGET_IP").
 					Return(testCase.targetIP.value, testCase.targetIP.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.countries.call {
-				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.IvpnCountryChoices()).
+				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.IvpnCountryChoices(servers)).
 					Return(testCase.countries.values, testCase.countries.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.cities.call {
-				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("CITY", constants.IvpnCityChoices()).
+				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("CITY", constants.IvpnCityChoices(servers)).
 					Return(testCase.cities.values, testCase.cities.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.isps.call {
-				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("ISP", constants.IvpnISPChoices()).
+				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("ISP", constants.IvpnISPChoices(servers)).
 					Return(testCase.isps.values, testCase.isps.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.hostnames.call {
-				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.IvpnHostnameChoices()).
+				env.EXPECT().CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.IvpnHostnameChoices(servers)).
 					Return(testCase.hostnames.values, testCase.hostnames.err)
 			}
 			if testCase.protocol.call {
@@ -224,7 +232,10 @@ func Test_Provider_readIvpn(t *testing.T) { //nolint:gocognit
 					Return(testCase.wgPort.portValue, testCase.wgPort.portErr)
 			}
 
-			r := reader{env: env}
+			r := reader{
+				servers: allServers,
+				env:     env,
+			}
 
 			var settings Provider
 			err := settings.readIvpn(r)
diff --git a/internal/configuration/mullvad.go b/internal/configuration/mullvad.go
index df057997..db00e509 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/mullvad.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/mullvad.go
@@ -9,28 +9,29 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readMullvad(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Mullvad
+	servers := r.servers.GetMullvad()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.MullvadCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.MullvadCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.MullvadCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.MullvadCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.MullvadHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.MullvadHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.ISPs, err = r.env.CSVInside("ISP", constants.MullvadISPChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.ISPs, err = r.env.CSVInside("ISP", constants.MullvadISPChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable ISP: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/nordvpn.go b/internal/configuration/nordvpn.go
index 7e112c9c..a72466e2 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/nordvpn.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/nordvpn.go
@@ -10,23 +10,24 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readNordvpn(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Nordvpn
+	servers := r.servers.GetNordvpn()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.NordvpnRegionChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.NordvpnRegionChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.NordvpnHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.NordvpnHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Names, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_NAME", constants.NordvpnHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Names, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_NAME", constants.NordvpnHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_NAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/privado.go b/internal/configuration/privado.go
index 5979c1b1..52cff26e 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/privado.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/privado.go
@@ -8,28 +8,29 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readPrivado(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Privado
+	servers := r.servers.GetPrivado()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.PrivadoCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.PrivadoCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.PrivadoRegionChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.PrivadoRegionChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.PrivadoCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.PrivadoCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.PrivadoHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.PrivadoHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/privateinternetaccess.go b/internal/configuration/privateinternetaccess.go
index 7d58c968..14fa2e89 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/privateinternetaccess.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/privateinternetaccess.go
@@ -9,23 +9,24 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readPrivateInternetAccess(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.PrivateInternetAccess
+	servers := r.servers.GetPia()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.PIAGeoChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.PIAGeoChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.PIAHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.PIAHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_NAME", constants.PIANameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_NAME", constants.PIANameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_NAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/privatevpn.go b/internal/configuration/privatevpn.go
index 96b96416..d3818848 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/privatevpn.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/privatevpn.go
@@ -8,23 +8,25 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readPrivatevpn(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Privatevpn
+	servers := r.servers.GetPrivatevpn()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.PrivatevpnCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.PrivatevpnCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.PrivatevpnCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.PrivatevpnCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.PrivatevpnHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.PrivatevpnHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/protonvpn.go b/internal/configuration/protonvpn.go
index 98019b76..0036766b 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/protonvpn.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/protonvpn.go
@@ -9,33 +9,35 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readProtonvpn(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Protonvpn
+	servers := r.servers.GetProtonvpn()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.ProtonvpnCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.ProtonvpnCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.ProtonvpnRegionChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.ProtonvpnRegionChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.ProtonvpnCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.ProtonvpnCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Names, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_NAME", constants.ProtonvpnNameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Names, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_NAME", constants.ProtonvpnNameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_NAME: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.ProtonvpnHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.ProtonvpnHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/purevpn.go b/internal/configuration/purevpn.go
index c3ff9bb6..34c5e306 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/purevpn.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/purevpn.go
@@ -8,28 +8,29 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readPurevpn(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Purevpn
+	servers := r.servers.GetPurevpn()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.PurevpnRegionChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.PurevpnRegionChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.PurevpnCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.PurevpnCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.PurevpnCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.PurevpnCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.PurevpnHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.PurevpnHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/reader.go b/internal/configuration/reader.go
index e9722d29..dec6a503 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/reader.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/reader.go
@@ -7,22 +7,26 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/params"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/verification"
 )
 
 type reader struct {
-	env    params.Interface
-	logger logging.Logger
-	regex  verification.Regex
+	servers models.AllServers
+	env     params.Interface
+	logger  logging.Logger
+	regex   verification.Regex
 }
 
-func newReader(env params.Interface, logger logging.Logger) reader {
+func newReader(env params.Interface,
+	servers models.AllServers, logger logging.Logger) reader {
 	return reader{
-		env:    env,
-		logger: logger,
-		regex:  verification.NewRegex(),
+		servers: servers,
+		env:     env,
+		logger:  logger,
+		regex:   verification.NewRegex(),
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/configuration/settings.go b/internal/configuration/settings.go
index 33e9e071..3fa9434f 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/settings.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/settings.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/params"
 )
@@ -64,8 +65,9 @@ var (
 
 // Read obtains all configuration options for the program and returns an error as soon
 // as an error is encountered reading them.
-func (settings *Settings) Read(env params.Interface, logger logging.Logger) (err error) {
-	r := newReader(env, logger)
+func (settings *Settings) Read(env params.Interface, servers models.AllServers,
+	logger logging.Logger) (err error) {
+	r := newReader(env, servers, logger)
 
 	settings.VersionInformation, err = r.env.OnOff("VERSION_INFORMATION", params.Default("on"))
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/configuration/surfshark.go b/internal/configuration/surfshark.go
index d835efc3..d2752e23 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/surfshark.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/surfshark.go
@@ -10,29 +10,31 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readSurfshark(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Surfshark
+	servers := r.servers.GetSurfshark()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.SurfsharkCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.SurfsharkCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.SurfsharkCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.SurfsharkCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.SurfsharkHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.SurfsharkHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	regionChoices := constants.SurfsharkRegionChoices()
-	regionChoices = append(regionChoices, constants.SurfsharkRetroLocChoices()...)
+	regionChoices := constants.SurfsharkRegionChoices(servers)
+	regionChoices = append(regionChoices, constants.SurfsharkRetroLocChoices(servers)...)
 	regions, err := r.env.CSVInside("REGION", regionChoices)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
diff --git a/internal/configuration/torguard.go b/internal/configuration/torguard.go
index 05a9cb1d..8ae96ee2 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/torguard.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/torguard.go
@@ -8,23 +8,25 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readTorguard(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Torguard
+	servers := r.servers.GetTorguard()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.TorguardCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.TorguardCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.TorguardCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.TorguardCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.TorguardHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.TorguardHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/vpnunlimited.go b/internal/configuration/vpnunlimited.go
index 05c65249..e2d8002d 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/vpnunlimited.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/vpnunlimited.go
@@ -9,23 +9,25 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readVPNUnlimited(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.VPNUnlimited
+	servers := r.servers.GetVPNUnlimited()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.VPNUnlimitedCountryChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Countries, err = r.env.CSVInside("COUNTRY", constants.VPNUnlimitedCountryChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable COUNTRY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.VPNUnlimitedCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.VPNUnlimitedCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.VPNUnlimitedHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.VPNUnlimitedHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/vyprvpn.go b/internal/configuration/vyprvpn.go
index 4a9cafb2..8d626328 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/vyprvpn.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/vyprvpn.go
@@ -8,13 +8,14 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readVyprvpn(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Vyprvpn
+	servers := r.servers.GetVyprvpn()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.VyprvpnRegionChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.VyprvpnRegionChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/configuration/windscribe.go b/internal/configuration/windscribe.go
index a93195a5..e6210e59 100644
--- a/internal/configuration/windscribe.go
+++ b/internal/configuration/windscribe.go
@@ -9,23 +9,25 @@ import (
 
 func (settings *Provider) readWindscribe(r reader) (err error) {
 	settings.Name = constants.Windscribe
+	servers := r.servers.GetWindscribe()
 
 	settings.ServerSelection.TargetIP, err = readTargetIP(r.env)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.WindscribeRegionChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Regions, err = r.env.CSVInside("REGION", constants.WindscribeRegionChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable REGION: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.WindscribeCityChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Cities, err = r.env.CSVInside("CITY", constants.WindscribeCityChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable CITY: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME", constants.WindscribeHostnameChoices())
+	settings.ServerSelection.Hostnames, err = r.env.CSVInside("SERVER_HOSTNAME",
+		constants.WindscribeHostnameChoices(servers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("environment variable SERVER_HOSTNAME: %w", err)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/constants/cyberghost.go b/internal/constants/cyberghost.go
index 53e6d1a4..91e09664 100644
--- a/internal/constants/cyberghost.go
+++ b/internal/constants/cyberghost.go
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ const (
 	CyberghostCertificate = "MIIGWjCCBEKgAwIBAgIJAJxUG61mxDS7MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBDQUAMHsxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlJPMRIwEAYDVQQHEwlCdWNoYXJlc3QxGDAWBgNVBAoTD0N5YmVyR2hvc3QgUy5BLjEbMBkGA1UEAxMSQ3liZXJHaG9zdCBSb290IENBMSEwHwYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhJpbmZvQGN5YmVyZ2hvc3Qucm8wHhcNMTcwNjE5MDgxNzI1WhcNMzcwNjE0MDgxNzI1WjB7MQswCQYDVQQGEwJSTzESMBAGA1UEBxMJQnVjaGFyZXN0MRgwFgYDVQQKEw9DeWJlckdob3N0IFMuQS4xGzAZBgNVBAMTEkN5YmVyR2hvc3QgUm9vdCBDQTEhMB8GCSqGSIb3DQEJARYSaW5mb0BjeWJlcmdob3N0LnJvMIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEA7O8+mji2FlQhJXn/G4VLrKPjGtxgQBAdjo0dZEQzKX08q14dLkslmOLgShStWKrOiLXGAvB1rPvvk613jtA0KjQLpgyLy9lIWohQKYjj5jrJYXMZMkbSHBYI9L8L7iezBEFYrjYKdDo51nq99wRFhKdbyKKjDh3e2L2SVEZLT1ogkK5gWzjvH+mjjtjUUicK+YjGwWOz6I+KKaG4Ve/D/cE6nCLbhHIMMnargZEu7sqA6BFeS4kEP/ZdCZoTSX2n43XV1q63nJt/v0KDetbZDciFVW9h9SVPG4qT44p0550N+Mom7zTX7S/ID5T9dplgU8sRGtIMrG0cIMD9zmpFgUnMusCrR7jJFr0sMAveTbgZg95LmstV6R6WKZkSFdUrE0DHl4dHoZvTFX+1LhwhHgjgDLaosX0vhG/C/7LpoVWimd6RRQT3M9o4Fa1TuhfvBzQ20QHrmRV/yKvGNK0xckZ6EZ/QY7Z55ORU15Tgab4ebnblYPWoEmn0mIYP3LFFeoR5OS1EX7+j4kPv+bwPGsmpHjxmZyq2Y7sJBpbOCJgbkn52WZdPBIRDpPdIHQ8pAJC4T0iMK9xvAwWNl/V6EYYNpR97osyEDXn+BTdAHlhJ5fck9KlwI9mb1Kg1bhbvbmaIAiOLenSULYf3j6rI1ygo3R2cCyybtuAq8M7z0OECAwEAAaOB4DCB3TAdBgNVHQ4EFgQU6tdK1g/He5qzjeAoM5eHt4in9iUwga0GA1UdIwSBpTCBooAU6tdK1g/He5qzjeAoM5eHt4in9iWhf6R9MHsxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlJPMRIwEAYDVQQHEwlCdWNoYXJlc3QxGDAWBgNVBAoTD0N5YmVyR2hvc3QgUy5BLjEbMBkGA1UEAxMSQ3liZXJHaG9zdCBSb290IENBMSEwHwYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhJpbmZvQGN5YmVyZ2hvc3Qucm+CCQCcVButZsQ0uzAMBgNVHRMEBTADAQH/MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBDQUAA4ICAQDNyQ92kj4qiNjnHk99qvnFw9qGfwB9ofaPL74zh0G5hEe3Wgb2o4fqUGnvUNgOu53gJksz3DcPQ8t40wfmm9I1Z8tiM9qrqvkuQ+nKcLgdooXtEsTybPIYDZ2cWR/5E0TKRvC7RFzKgQ4D77Vbi4TdaHiDV7ZNfU1iLCoBGcYm80hcUHEs5KIVLwUmcSOTmbZBySJxcSD0yUpS7nlZGwLY6VQrU+JFwDSisbXT4DXf3iSzp7FzW0/u/SFvWsPHrjE0hkPoZPalYvouaJEHKAhip0ZwSmitlxbBnmm8+K/3c9mLA5/uXrirfpuhhs8V3lyV2mczVtSiTl6gpi88gc//JY80JeHdupjO25T3XEzY9cpxecmkWaUEjLMx4wVoXQuUiPonfILM6OLwi+zUS8gQErdFeGvcQXbncPa4SdJuHkF8lgiX2i8S8fPGdXvU37E9bdAXwP5nZriYq1s0D59Qfvz+vLXVkmyZp6ztxjKjKolemPMak0Y5c1Q4RjNF6tmQoFuy/ACSkWy14Tzu2dFp7UiVbGg1FOvKhfs48zC2/IUQv1arqmPT/9LVq3B2DVT9UKXRUXX/f/jSSsVjkz4uUe2jUyL+XHX1nSmROTPHSAJ+oKf0BLnfqUxFkEUTwLnayssP2nwGgq35b7wEbTFIXdrjHGFUVQIDeERz8UThew=="
 )
 
-func CyberghostRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := CyberghostServers()
+func CyberghostRegionChoices(servers []models.CyberghostServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
@@ -20,8 +19,7 @@ func CyberghostRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func CyberghostGroupChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := CyberghostServers()
+func CyberghostGroupChoices(servers []models.CyberghostServer) (choices []string) {
 	uniqueChoices := map[string]struct{}{}
 	for _, server := range servers {
 		uniqueChoices[server.Group] = struct{}{}
@@ -38,19 +36,10 @@ func CyberghostGroupChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return sortable
 }
 
-func CyberghostHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := CyberghostServers()
+func CyberghostHostnameChoices(servers []models.CyberghostServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// CyberghostServers returns a slice with the server information for each
-// of the Cyberghost server.
-func CyberghostServers() (servers []models.CyberghostServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.CyberghostServer, len(allServers.Cyberghost.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Cyberghost.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/cyberghost_test.go b/internal/constants/cyberghost_test.go
index 3214be6f..cbc8789c 100644
--- a/internal/constants/cyberghost_test.go
+++ b/internal/constants/cyberghost_test.go
@@ -3,16 +3,29 @@ package constants
 import (
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/storage"
+	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging/mock_logging"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
 func Test_CyberghostGroupChoices(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
+	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
+
+	logger := mock_logging.NewMockLogger(ctrl)
+	logger.EXPECT().Info(gomock.Any())
+
+	storage, err := storage.New(logger, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	servers := storage.GetServers()
 
 	expected := []string{"Premium TCP Asia", "Premium TCP Europe",
 		"Premium TCP USA", "Premium UDP Asia", "Premium UDP Europe",
 		"Premium UDP USA"}
-	choices := CyberghostGroupChoices()
+	choices := CyberghostGroupChoices(servers.GetCyberghost())
 
 	assert.Equal(t, expected, choices)
 }
diff --git a/internal/constants/fastestvpn.go b/internal/constants/fastestvpn.go
index c43e237d..492d3c43 100644
--- a/internal/constants/fastestvpn.go
+++ b/internal/constants/fastestvpn.go
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ const (
 	FastestvpnOpenvpnStaticKeyV1 = "697fe793b32cb5091d30f2326d5d124a9412e93d0a44ef7361395d76528fcbfc82c3859dccea70a93cfa8fae409709bff75f844cf5ff0c237f426d0c20969233db0e706edb6bdf195ec3dc11b3f76bc807a77e74662d9a800c8cd1144ebb67b7f0d3f1281d1baf522bfe03b7c3f963b1364fc0769400e413b61ca7b43ab19fac9e0f77e41efd4bda7fd77b1de2d7d7855cbbe3e620cecceac72c21a825b243e651f44d90e290e09c3ad650de8fca99c858bc7caad584bc69b11e5c9fd9381c69c505ec487a65912c672d83ed0113b5a74ddfbd3ab33b3683cec593557520a72c4d6cce46111f56f3396cc3ce7183edce553c68ea0796cf6c4375fad00aaa2a42"
 )
 
-func FastestvpnCountriesChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := FastestvpnServers()
+func FastestvpnCountriesChoices(servers []models.FastestvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -19,18 +18,10 @@ func FastestvpnCountriesChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return choices
 }
 
-func FastestvpnHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := FastestvpnServers()
+func FastestvpnHostnameChoices(servers []models.FastestvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return choices
 }
-
-// FastestvpnServers returns the list of all VPN servers for FastestVPN.
-func FastestvpnServers() (servers []models.FastestvpnServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.FastestvpnServer, len(allServers.Fastestvpn.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Fastestvpn.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/hidemyass.go b/internal/constants/hidemyass.go
index 82b57c1b..f8aefd76 100644
--- a/internal/constants/hidemyass.go
+++ b/internal/constants/hidemyass.go
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ const (
 	HideMyAssRSAPrivateKey = "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"
 )
 
-func HideMyAssCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := HideMyAssServers()
+func HideMyAssCountryChoices(servers []models.HideMyAssServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -20,8 +19,7 @@ func HideMyAssCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func HideMyAssCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := HideMyAssServers()
+func HideMyAssCityChoices(servers []models.HideMyAssServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -29,18 +27,10 @@ func HideMyAssCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func HideMyAssHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := HideMyAssServers()
+func HideMyAssHostnameChoices(servers []models.HideMyAssServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// HideMyAssServers returns a slice of all the server information for HideMyAss.
-func HideMyAssServers() (servers []models.HideMyAssServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.HideMyAssServer, len(allServers.HideMyAss.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.HideMyAss.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/ipvanish.go b/internal/constants/ipvanish.go
index 1b4f3a05..2b86a5cc 100644
--- a/internal/constants/ipvanish.go
+++ b/internal/constants/ipvanish.go
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ const (
 	IpvanishCA = "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"
 )
 
-func IpvanishCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := IpvanishServers()
+func IpvanishCountryChoices(servers []models.IpvanishServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -18,8 +17,7 @@ func IpvanishCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func IpvanishCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := IpvanishServers()
+func IpvanishCityChoices(servers []models.IpvanishServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -27,18 +25,10 @@ func IpvanishCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func IpvanishHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := IpvanishServers()
+func IpvanishHostnameChoices(servers []models.IpvanishServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// IpvanishServers returns a slice of all the server information for Ipvanish.
-func IpvanishServers() (servers []models.IpvanishServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.IpvanishServer, len(allServers.Ipvanish.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Ipvanish.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/ivpn.go b/internal/constants/ivpn.go
index 98417dad..7a321993 100644
--- a/internal/constants/ivpn.go
+++ b/internal/constants/ivpn.go
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ const (
 	IvpnOpenvpnStaticKeyV1 = "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"
 )
 
-func IvpnCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := IvpnServers()
+func IvpnCountryChoices(servers []models.IvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -19,8 +18,7 @@ func IvpnCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func IvpnCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := IvpnServers()
+func IvpnCityChoices(servers []models.IvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -28,8 +26,7 @@ func IvpnCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func IvpnISPChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := IvpnServers()
+func IvpnISPChoices(servers []models.IvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].ISP
@@ -37,18 +34,10 @@ func IvpnISPChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func IvpnHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := IvpnServers()
+func IvpnHostnameChoices(servers []models.IvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// IvpnServers returns a slice of all the server information for Ivpn.
-func IvpnServers() (servers []models.IvpnServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.IvpnServer, len(allServers.Ivpn.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Ivpn.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/mullvad.go b/internal/constants/mullvad.go
index a79c4fca..60240d3d 100644
--- a/internal/constants/mullvad.go
+++ b/internal/constants/mullvad.go
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ const (
 	MullvadCertificate = "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"
 )
 
-func MullvadCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := MullvadServers()
+func MullvadCountryChoices(servers []models.MullvadServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -18,8 +17,7 @@ func MullvadCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func MullvadCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := MullvadServers()
+func MullvadCityChoices(servers []models.MullvadServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -27,8 +25,7 @@ func MullvadCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func MullvadHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := MullvadServers()
+func MullvadHostnameChoices(servers []models.MullvadServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
@@ -36,18 +33,10 @@ func MullvadHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func MullvadISPChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := MullvadServers()
+func MullvadISPChoices(servers []models.MullvadServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].ISP
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// MullvadServers returns a slice of all the server information for Mullvad.
-func MullvadServers() (servers []models.MullvadServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.MullvadServer, len(allServers.Mullvad.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Mullvad.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/nordvpn.go b/internal/constants/nordvpn.go
index 98c7e7a1..6ebee083 100644
--- a/internal/constants/nordvpn.go
+++ b/internal/constants/nordvpn.go
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ const (
 	NordvpnOpenvpnStaticKeyV1 = "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"
 )
 
-func NordvpnRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := NordvpnServers()
+func NordvpnRegionChoices(servers []models.NordvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
@@ -19,8 +18,7 @@ func NordvpnRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func NordvpnHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := NordvpnServers()
+func NordvpnHostnameChoices(servers []models.NordvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
@@ -28,18 +26,10 @@ func NordvpnHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func NordvpnNameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := NordvpnServers()
+func NordvpnNameChoices(servers []models.NordvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Name
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// NordvpnServers returns a slice of all the server information for Nordvpn.
-func NordvpnServers() (servers []models.NordvpnServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.NordvpnServer, len(allServers.Nordvpn.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Nordvpn.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/pia.go b/internal/constants/pia.go
index 4d2ed0f1..365da8c1 100644
--- a/internal/constants/pia.go
+++ b/internal/constants/pia.go
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ const (
 	PIACertificateStrong      = "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"
 )
 
-func PIAGeoChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PIAServers()
+func PIAGeoChoices(servers []models.PIAServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
@@ -24,8 +23,7 @@ func PIAGeoChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PIAHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PIAServers()
+func PIAHostnameChoices(servers []models.PIAServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
@@ -33,8 +31,7 @@ func PIAHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PIANameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PIAServers()
+func PIANameChoices(servers []models.PIAServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].ServerName
@@ -42,15 +39,8 @@ func PIANameChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-// PIAServers returns a slice of all the server information for PIA.
-func PIAServers() (servers []models.PIAServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.PIAServer, len(allServers.Pia.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Pia.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
-
-func PIAServerWhereName(serverName string) (server models.PIAServer) {
-	for _, server := range PIAServers() {
+func PIAServerWhereName(servers []models.PIAServer, serverName string) (server models.PIAServer) {
+	for _, server := range servers {
 		if server.ServerName == serverName {
 			return server
 		}
diff --git a/internal/constants/privado.go b/internal/constants/privado.go
index d84a139d..b64cc2a3 100644
--- a/internal/constants/privado.go
+++ b/internal/constants/privado.go
@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
 package constants
 
-import (
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
-)
+import "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 
 //nolint:lll
 const (
 	PrivadoCertificate = "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"
 )
 
-func PrivadoCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PrivadoServers()
+func PrivadoCountryChoices(servers []models.PrivadoServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -18,8 +15,7 @@ func PrivadoCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PrivadoRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PrivadoServers()
+func PrivadoRegionChoices(servers []models.PrivadoServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
@@ -27,8 +23,7 @@ func PrivadoRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PrivadoCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PrivadoServers()
+func PrivadoCityChoices(servers []models.PrivadoServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -36,18 +31,10 @@ func PrivadoCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PrivadoHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PrivadoServers()
+func PrivadoHostnameChoices(servers []models.PrivadoServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// PrivadoServers returns a slice of all the Privado servers.
-func PrivadoServers() (servers []models.PrivadoServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.PrivadoServer, len(allServers.Privado.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Privado.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/privatevpn.go b/internal/constants/privatevpn.go
index 86a3971e..51fc3a6a 100644
--- a/internal/constants/privatevpn.go
+++ b/internal/constants/privatevpn.go
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package constants
 
-import (
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
-)
+import "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 
 //nolint:lll
 const (
@@ -10,8 +8,7 @@ const (
 	PrivatevpnOpenvpnStaticKeyV1 = "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"
 )
 
-func PrivatevpnCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PrivatevpnServers()
+func PrivatevpnCountryChoices(servers []models.PrivatevpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -19,8 +16,7 @@ func PrivatevpnCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeChoicesUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PrivatevpnCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PrivatevpnServers()
+func PrivatevpnCityChoices(servers []models.PrivatevpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -28,17 +24,10 @@ func PrivatevpnCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeChoicesUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PrivatevpnHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PrivatevpnServers()
+func PrivatevpnHostnameChoices(servers []models.PrivatevpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeChoicesUnique(choices)
 }
-
-func PrivatevpnServers() (servers []models.PrivatevpnServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.PrivatevpnServer, len(allServers.Privatevpn.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Privatevpn.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/protonvpn.go b/internal/constants/protonvpn.go
index 9b7405be..d4363375 100644
--- a/internal/constants/protonvpn.go
+++ b/internal/constants/protonvpn.go
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package constants
 
-import (
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
-)
+import "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 
 //nolint:lll
 const (
@@ -10,8 +8,7 @@ const (
 	ProtonvpnOpenvpnStaticKeyV1 = "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"
 )
 
-func ProtonvpnCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := ProtonvpnServers()
+func ProtonvpnCountryChoices(servers []models.ProtonvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -19,8 +16,7 @@ func ProtonvpnCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeChoicesUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func ProtonvpnRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := ProtonvpnServers()
+func ProtonvpnRegionChoices(servers []models.ProtonvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
@@ -28,8 +24,7 @@ func ProtonvpnRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeChoicesUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func ProtonvpnCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := ProtonvpnServers()
+func ProtonvpnCityChoices(servers []models.ProtonvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -37,8 +32,7 @@ func ProtonvpnCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeChoicesUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func ProtonvpnNameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := ProtonvpnServers()
+func ProtonvpnNameChoices(servers []models.ProtonvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Name
@@ -46,18 +40,10 @@ func ProtonvpnNameChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeChoicesUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func ProtonvpnHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := ProtonvpnServers()
+func ProtonvpnHostnameChoices(servers []models.ProtonvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeChoicesUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// ProtonvpnServers returns a slice of all the server information for Protonvpn.
-func ProtonvpnServers() (servers []models.ProtonvpnServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.ProtonvpnServer, len(allServers.Protonvpn.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Protonvpn.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/purevpn.go b/internal/constants/purevpn.go
index 2b101982..ea94445c 100644
--- a/internal/constants/purevpn.go
+++ b/internal/constants/purevpn.go
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package constants
 
-import (
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
-)
+import "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 
 //nolint:lll
 const (
@@ -12,8 +10,7 @@ const (
 	PurevpnOpenvpnStaticKeyV1   = "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"
 )
 
-func PurevpnRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PurevpnServers()
+func PurevpnRegionChoices(servers []models.PurevpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
@@ -21,8 +18,7 @@ func PurevpnRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PurevpnCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PurevpnServers()
+func PurevpnCountryChoices(servers []models.PurevpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -30,8 +26,7 @@ func PurevpnCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PurevpnCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PurevpnServers()
+func PurevpnCityChoices(servers []models.PurevpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -39,18 +34,10 @@ func PurevpnCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func PurevpnHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := PurevpnServers()
+func PurevpnHostnameChoices(servers []models.PurevpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// PurevpnServers returns a slice of all the server information for Purevpn.
-func PurevpnServers() (servers []models.PurevpnServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.PurevpnServer, len(allServers.Purevpn.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Purevpn.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/servers.go b/internal/constants/servers.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 9dc9dac2..00000000
--- a/internal/constants/servers.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-package constants
-
-import (
-	"embed"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
-)
-
-//go:embed servers.json
-var allServersEmbedFS embed.FS   //nolint:gochecknoglobals
-var allServers models.AllServers //nolint:gochecknoglobals
-var parseOnce sync.Once          //nolint:gochecknoglobals
-
-func init() { //nolint:gochecknoinits
-	// error returned covered by unit test
-	parseOnce.Do(func() { allServers, _ = parseAllServers() })
-}
-
-func parseAllServers() (allServers models.AllServers, err error) {
-	f, err := allServersEmbedFS.Open("servers.json")
-	if err != nil {
-		return allServers, err
-	}
-	decoder := json.NewDecoder(f)
-	err = decoder.Decode(&allServers)
-	return allServers, err
-}
-
-func GetAllServers() models.AllServers {
-	parseOnce.Do(func() { allServers, _ = parseAllServers() }) // init did not execute, used in tests
-	return allServers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/surfshark.go b/internal/constants/surfshark.go
index 35e011e0..91a51901 100644
--- a/internal/constants/surfshark.go
+++ b/internal/constants/surfshark.go
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ const (
 	SurfsharkOpenvpnStaticKeyV1 = "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"
 )
 
-func SurfsharkRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := SurfsharkServers()
+func SurfsharkRegionChoices(servers []models.SurfsharkServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
@@ -19,8 +18,7 @@ func SurfsharkRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func SurfsharkCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := SurfsharkServers()
+func SurfsharkCountryChoices(servers []models.SurfsharkServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -28,8 +26,7 @@ func SurfsharkCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func SurfsharkCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := SurfsharkServers()
+func SurfsharkCityChoices(servers []models.SurfsharkServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -38,7 +35,7 @@ func SurfsharkCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 }
 
 // TODO remove in v4.
-func SurfsharkRetroLocChoices() (choices []string) {
+func SurfsharkRetroLocChoices(servers []models.SurfsharkServer) (choices []string) {
 	locationData := SurfsharkLocationData()
 	choices = make([]string, len(locationData))
 	for i := range locationData {
@@ -222,18 +219,10 @@ func SurfsharkLocationData() (data []models.SurfsharkLocationData) {
 	}
 }
 
-func SurfsharkHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := SurfsharkServers()
+func SurfsharkHostnameChoices(servers []models.SurfsharkServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// SurfsharkServers returns a slice of all the server information for Surfshark.
-func SurfsharkServers() (servers []models.SurfsharkServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.SurfsharkServer, len(allServers.Surfshark.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Surfshark.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/torguard.go b/internal/constants/torguard.go
index 992b9dad..9e465894 100644
--- a/internal/constants/torguard.go
+++ b/internal/constants/torguard.go
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ const (
 	TorguardOpenvpnStaticKeyV1 = "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"
 )
 
-func TorguardCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := TorguardServers()
+func TorguardCountryChoices(servers []models.TorguardServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -19,8 +18,7 @@ func TorguardCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func TorguardCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := TorguardServers()
+func TorguardCityChoices(servers []models.TorguardServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -28,18 +26,10 @@ func TorguardCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func TorguardHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := TorguardServers()
+func TorguardHostnameChoices(servers []models.TorguardServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// TorguardServers returns a slice of all the server information for Torguard.
-func TorguardServers() (servers []models.TorguardServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.TorguardServer, len(allServers.Torguard.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Torguard.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/vpnunlimited.go b/internal/constants/vpnunlimited.go
index ca19c40c..adddbdcf 100644
--- a/internal/constants/vpnunlimited.go
+++ b/internal/constants/vpnunlimited.go
@@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ const (
 	VPNUnlimitedCertificateAuthority = "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"
 )
 
-func VPNUnlimitedCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := VPNUnlimitedServers()
+func VPNUnlimitedCountryChoices(servers []models.VPNUnlimitedServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Country
@@ -18,8 +17,7 @@ func VPNUnlimitedCountryChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func VPNUnlimitedCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := VPNUnlimitedServers()
+func VPNUnlimitedCityChoices(servers []models.VPNUnlimitedServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -27,18 +25,10 @@ func VPNUnlimitedCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func VPNUnlimitedHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := VPNUnlimitedServers()
+func VPNUnlimitedHostnameChoices(servers []models.VPNUnlimitedServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// VPNUnlimitedServers returns a slice of all the server information for VPNUnlimited.
-func VPNUnlimitedServers() (servers []models.VPNUnlimitedServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.VPNUnlimitedServer, len(allServers.VPNUnlimited.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.VPNUnlimited.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/vyprvpn.go b/internal/constants/vyprvpn.go
index 81c116f2..2f9f4ef9 100644
--- a/internal/constants/vyprvpn.go
+++ b/internal/constants/vyprvpn.go
@@ -9,18 +9,10 @@ const (
 	VyprvpnCertificate = "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"
 )
 
-func VyprvpnRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := VyprvpnServers()
+func VyprvpnRegionChoices(servers []models.VyprvpnServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// VyprvpnServers returns a slice of all the VyprVPN servers.
-func VyprvpnServers() (servers []models.VyprvpnServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.VyprvpnServer, len(allServers.Vyprvpn.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Vyprvpn.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/constants/windscribe.go b/internal/constants/windscribe.go
index 1fd88c5b..c41a62d0 100644
--- a/internal/constants/windscribe.go
+++ b/internal/constants/windscribe.go
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package constants
 
-import (
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
-)
+import "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 
 //nolint:lll
 const (
@@ -10,8 +8,7 @@ const (
 	WindscribeOpenvpnStaticKeyV1 = "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"
 )
 
-func WindscribeRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := WindscribeServers()
+func WindscribeRegionChoices(servers []models.WindscribeServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Region
@@ -19,8 +16,7 @@ func WindscribeRegionChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func WindscribeCityChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := WindscribeServers()
+func WindscribeCityChoices(servers []models.WindscribeServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].City
@@ -28,18 +24,10 @@ func WindscribeCityChoices() (choices []string) {
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
 
-func WindscribeHostnameChoices() (choices []string) {
-	servers := WindscribeServers()
+func WindscribeHostnameChoices(servers []models.WindscribeServer) (choices []string) {
 	choices = make([]string, len(servers))
 	for i := range servers {
 		choices[i] = servers[i].Hostname
 	}
 	return makeUnique(choices)
 }
-
-// WindscribeServers returns a slice of all the Windscribe servers.
-func WindscribeServers() (servers []models.WindscribeServer) {
-	servers = make([]models.WindscribeServer, len(allServers.Windscribe.Servers))
-	copy(servers, allServers.Windscribe.Servers)
-	return servers
-}
diff --git a/internal/models/getservers.go b/internal/models/getservers.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0caf3a68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/models/getservers.go
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+package models
+
+import (
+	"net"
+)
+
+func (a AllServers) GetCopy() (servers AllServers) {
+	servers = a // copy versions and timestamps
+	servers.Cyberghost.Servers = a.GetCyberghost()
+	servers.Fastestvpn.Servers = a.GetFastestvpn()
+	servers.HideMyAss.Servers = a.GetHideMyAss()
+	servers.Ipvanish.Servers = a.GetIpvanish()
+	servers.Ivpn.Servers = a.GetIvpn()
+	servers.Mullvad.Servers = a.GetMullvad()
+	servers.Nordvpn.Servers = a.GetNordvpn()
+	servers.Privado.Servers = a.GetPrivado()
+	servers.Pia.Servers = a.GetPia()
+	servers.Privatevpn.Servers = a.GetPrivatevpn()
+	servers.Protonvpn.Servers = a.GetProtonvpn()
+	servers.Purevpn.Servers = a.GetPurevpn()
+	servers.Surfshark.Servers = a.GetSurfshark()
+	servers.Torguard.Servers = a.GetTorguard()
+	servers.VPNUnlimited.Servers = a.GetVPNUnlimited()
+	servers.Vyprvpn.Servers = a.GetVyprvpn()
+	servers.Windscribe.Servers = a.GetWindscribe()
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetCyberghost() (servers []CyberghostServer) {
+	if a.Cyberghost.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]CyberghostServer, len(a.Cyberghost.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Cyberghost.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetFastestvpn() (servers []FastestvpnServer) {
+	if a.Fastestvpn.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]FastestvpnServer, len(a.Fastestvpn.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Fastestvpn.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetHideMyAss() (servers []HideMyAssServer) {
+	if a.HideMyAss.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]HideMyAssServer, len(a.HideMyAss.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.HideMyAss.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetIpvanish() (servers []IpvanishServer) {
+	if a.Ipvanish.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]IpvanishServer, len(a.Ipvanish.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Ipvanish.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetIvpn() (servers []IvpnServer) {
+	if a.Ivpn.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]IvpnServer, len(a.Ivpn.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Ivpn.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetMullvad() (servers []MullvadServer) {
+	if a.Mullvad.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]MullvadServer, len(a.Mullvad.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Mullvad.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+		servers[i].IPsV6 = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPsV6)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetNordvpn() (servers []NordvpnServer) {
+	if a.Nordvpn.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]NordvpnServer, len(a.Nordvpn.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Nordvpn.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IP = copyIP(serverToCopy.IP)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetPia() (servers []PIAServer) {
+	if a.Pia.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]PIAServer, len(a.Pia.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Pia.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetPrivado() (servers []PrivadoServer) {
+	if a.Privado.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]PrivadoServer, len(a.Privado.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Privado.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IP = copyIP(serverToCopy.IP)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetPrivatevpn() (servers []PrivatevpnServer) {
+	if a.Privatevpn.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]PrivatevpnServer, len(a.Privatevpn.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Privatevpn.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetProtonvpn() (servers []ProtonvpnServer) {
+	if a.Protonvpn.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]ProtonvpnServer, len(a.Protonvpn.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Protonvpn.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].EntryIP = copyIP(serverToCopy.EntryIP)
+		servers[i].ExitIP = copyIP(serverToCopy.ExitIP)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetPurevpn() (servers []PurevpnServer) {
+	if a.Purevpn.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]PurevpnServer, len(a.Purevpn.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Purevpn.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetSurfshark() (servers []SurfsharkServer) {
+	if a.Surfshark.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]SurfsharkServer, len(a.Surfshark.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Surfshark.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetTorguard() (servers []TorguardServer) {
+	if a.Torguard.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]TorguardServer, len(a.Torguard.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Torguard.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetVPNUnlimited() (servers []VPNUnlimitedServer) {
+	if a.VPNUnlimited.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]VPNUnlimitedServer, len(a.VPNUnlimited.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.VPNUnlimited.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetVyprvpn() (servers []VyprvpnServer) {
+	if a.Vyprvpn.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]VyprvpnServer, len(a.Vyprvpn.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Vyprvpn.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func (a *AllServers) GetWindscribe() (servers []WindscribeServer) {
+	if a.Windscribe.Servers == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	servers = make([]WindscribeServer, len(a.Windscribe.Servers))
+	for i, serverToCopy := range a.Windscribe.Servers {
+		servers[i] = serverToCopy
+		servers[i].IPs = copyIPs(serverToCopy.IPs)
+	}
+	return servers
+}
+
+func copyIPs(toCopy []net.IP) (copied []net.IP) {
+	if toCopy == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	copied = make([]net.IP, len(toCopy))
+	for i := range toCopy {
+		copied[i] = copyIP(toCopy[i])
+	}
+
+	return copied
+}
+
+func copyIP(toCopy net.IP) (copied net.IP) {
+	copied = make(net.IP, len(toCopy))
+	copy(copied, toCopy)
+	return copied
+}
diff --git a/internal/models/getservers_test.go b/internal/models/getservers_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cabdef5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/models/getservers_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+package models
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func Test_AllServers_GetCopy(t *testing.T) {
+	allServers := AllServers{
+		Cyberghost: CyberghostServers{
+			Version: 2,
+			Servers: []CyberghostServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Fastestvpn: FastestvpnServers{
+			Servers: []FastestvpnServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		HideMyAss: HideMyAssServers{
+			Servers: []HideMyAssServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Ipvanish: IpvanishServers{
+			Servers: []IpvanishServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Ivpn: IvpnServers{
+			Servers: []IvpnServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Mullvad: MullvadServers{
+			Servers: []MullvadServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Nordvpn: NordvpnServers{
+			Servers: []NordvpnServer{{
+				IP: net.IP{1, 2, 3, 4},
+			}},
+		},
+		Privado: PrivadoServers{
+			Servers: []PrivadoServer{{
+				IP: net.IP{1, 2, 3, 4},
+			}},
+		},
+		Pia: PiaServers{
+			Servers: []PIAServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Privatevpn: PrivatevpnServers{
+			Servers: []PrivatevpnServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Protonvpn: ProtonvpnServers{
+			Servers: []ProtonvpnServer{{
+				EntryIP: net.IP{1, 2, 3, 4},
+				ExitIP:  net.IP{1, 2, 3, 4},
+			}},
+		},
+		Purevpn: PurevpnServers{
+			Version: 1,
+			Servers: []PurevpnServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Surfshark: SurfsharkServers{
+			Servers: []SurfsharkServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Torguard: TorguardServers{
+			Servers: []TorguardServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		VPNUnlimited: VPNUnlimitedServers{
+			Servers: []VPNUnlimitedServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Vyprvpn: VyprvpnServers{
+			Servers: []VyprvpnServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+		Windscribe: WindscribeServers{
+			Servers: []WindscribeServer{{
+				IPs: []net.IP{{1, 2, 3, 4}},
+			}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	servers := allServers.GetCopy()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, allServers, servers)
+}
+
+func Test_AllServers_GetVyprvpn(t *testing.T) {
+	allServers := AllServers{
+		Vyprvpn: VyprvpnServers{
+			Servers: []VyprvpnServer{
+				{Hostname: "a", IPs: []net.IP{{1, 1, 1, 1}}},
+				{Hostname: "b", IPs: []net.IP{{2, 2, 2, 2}}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	servers := allServers.GetVyprvpn()
+
+	expectedServers := []VyprvpnServer{
+		{Hostname: "a", IPs: []net.IP{{1, 1, 1, 1}}},
+		{Hostname: "b", IPs: []net.IP{{2, 2, 2, 2}}},
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedServers, servers)
+
+	allServers.Vyprvpn.Servers[0].IPs[0][0] = 9
+	assert.NotEqual(t, 9, servers[0].IPs[0][0])
+
+	allServers.Vyprvpn.Servers[0].IPs[0][0] = 1
+	servers[0].IPs[0][0] = 9
+	assert.NotEqual(t, 9, allServers.Vyprvpn.Servers[0].IPs[0][0])
+}
+
+func Test_copyIPs(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		toCopy []net.IP
+		copied []net.IP
+	}{
+		"nil": {},
+		"empty": {
+			toCopy: []net.IP{},
+			copied: []net.IP{},
+		},
+		"single IP": {
+			toCopy: []net.IP{{1, 1, 1, 1}},
+			copied: []net.IP{{1, 1, 1, 1}},
+		},
+		"two IPs": {
+			toCopy: []net.IP{{1, 1, 1, 1}, {2, 2, 2, 2}},
+			copied: []net.IP{{1, 1, 1, 1}, {2, 2, 2, 2}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for name, testCase := range testCases {
+		testCase := testCase
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			// Reserver leading 9 for copy modifications below
+			for _, ipToCopy := range testCase.toCopy {
+				require.NotEqual(t, 9, ipToCopy[0])
+			}
+
+			copied := copyIPs(testCase.toCopy)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, testCase.copied, copied)
+
+			if len(copied) > 0 {
+				original := testCase.toCopy[0][0]
+				testCase.toCopy[0][0] = 9
+				assert.NotEqual(t, 9, copied[0][0])
+				testCase.toCopy[0][0] = original
+
+				copied[0][0] = 9
+				assert.NotEqual(t, 9, testCase.toCopy[0][0])
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/provider/cyberghost/filter.go b/internal/provider/cyberghost/filter.go
index b1ed9348..4b3a3cfb 100644
--- a/internal/provider/cyberghost/filter.go
+++ b/internal/provider/cyberghost/filter.go
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ func (c *Cyberghost) filterServers(selection configuration.ServerSelection) (
 	servers []models.CyberghostServer, err error) {
 	if len(selection.Groups) == 0 {
 		if selection.OpenVPN.TCP {
-			selection.Groups = tcpGroupChoices()
+			selection.Groups = tcpGroupChoices(c.servers)
 		} else {
-			selection.Groups = udpGroupChoices()
+			selection.Groups = udpGroupChoices(c.servers)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -50,18 +50,18 @@ func (c *Cyberghost) filterServers(selection configuration.ServerSelection) (
 	return servers, nil
 }
 
-func tcpGroupChoices() (choices []string) {
+func tcpGroupChoices(servers []models.CyberghostServer) (choices []string) {
 	const tcp = true
-	return groupsForTCP(tcp)
+	return groupsForTCP(servers, tcp)
 }
 
-func udpGroupChoices() (choices []string) {
+func udpGroupChoices(servers []models.CyberghostServer) (choices []string) {
 	const tcp = false
-	return groupsForTCP(tcp)
+	return groupsForTCP(servers, tcp)
 }
 
-func groupsForTCP(tcp bool) (choices []string) {
-	allGroups := constants.CyberghostGroupChoices()
+func groupsForTCP(servers []models.CyberghostServer, tcp bool) (choices []string) {
+	allGroups := constants.CyberghostGroupChoices(servers)
 	choices = make([]string, 0, len(allGroups))
 	for _, group := range allGroups {
 		switch {
diff --git a/internal/provider/cyberghost/filter_test.go b/internal/provider/cyberghost/filter_test.go
index 1ae94292..1d238738 100644
--- a/internal/provider/cyberghost/filter_test.go
+++ b/internal/provider/cyberghost/filter_test.go
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func Test_Cyberghost_filterServers(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		"no server": {
 			selection: configuration.ServerSelection{VPN: constants.OpenVPN},
-			err:       errors.New("no server found: for VPN openvpn; protocol udp; groups Premium UDP Asia, Premium UDP Europe, Premium UDP USA"), //nolint:lll
+			err:       errors.New("no server found: for VPN openvpn; protocol udp"),
 		},
 		"servers without filter defaults to UDP": {
 			servers: []models.CyberghostServer{
@@ -146,10 +146,18 @@ func Test_Cyberghost_filterServers(t *testing.T) {
 func Test_tcpGroupChoices(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
+	servers := []models.CyberghostServer{
+		{Group: "Premium TCP Asia"},
+		{Group: "Premium TCP Europe"},
+		{Group: "Premium TCP USA"},
+		{Group: "Premium UDP Asia"},
+		{Group: "Premium UDP Europe"},
+		{Group: "Premium UDP USA"},
+	}
 	expected := []string{
 		"Premium TCP Asia", "Premium TCP Europe", "Premium TCP USA",
 	}
-	choices := tcpGroupChoices()
+	choices := tcpGroupChoices(servers)
 
 	assert.Equal(t, expected, choices)
 }
@@ -157,10 +165,18 @@ func Test_tcpGroupChoices(t *testing.T) {
 func Test_udpGroupChoices(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
+	servers := []models.CyberghostServer{
+		{Group: "Premium TCP Asia"},
+		{Group: "Premium TCP Europe"},
+		{Group: "Premium TCP USA"},
+		{Group: "Premium UDP Asia"},
+		{Group: "Premium UDP Europe"},
+		{Group: "Premium UDP USA"},
+	}
 	expected := []string{
 		"Premium UDP Asia", "Premium UDP Europe", "Premium UDP USA",
 	}
-	choices := udpGroupChoices()
+	choices := udpGroupChoices(servers)
 
 	assert.Equal(t, expected, choices)
 }
diff --git a/internal/provider/privateinternetaccess/portforward.go b/internal/provider/privateinternetaccess/portforward.go
index 91b43f39..ddcf86a3 100644
--- a/internal/provider/privateinternetaccess/portforward.go
+++ b/internal/provider/privateinternetaccess/portforward.go
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ var (
 func (p *PIA) PortForward(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client,
 	logger logging.Logger, gateway net.IP, serverName string) (
 	port uint16, err error) {
-	server := constants.PIAServerWhereName(serverName)
+	server := constants.PIAServerWhereName(p.servers, serverName)
 	if !server.PortForward {
 		logger.Error("The server " + serverName +
 			" (region " + server.Region + ") does not support port forwarding")
diff --git a/internal/storage/flush.go b/internal/storage/flush.go
index 4846905f..9ea29f7c 100644
--- a/internal/storage/flush.go
+++ b/internal/storage/flush.go
@@ -1,7 +1,38 @@
 package storage
 
-import "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 
-func (s *storage) FlushToFile(allServers models.AllServers) error {
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+)
+
+var _ Flusher = (*Storage)(nil)
+
+type Flusher interface {
+	FlushToFile(allServers models.AllServers) error
+}
+
+func (s *Storage) FlushToFile(allServers models.AllServers) error {
 	return flushToFile(s.filepath, allServers)
 }
+
+func flushToFile(path string, servers models.AllServers) error {
+	dirPath := filepath.Dir(path)
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dirPath, 0644); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	file, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_TRUNC, 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	encoder := json.NewEncoder(file)
+	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
+	if err := encoder.Encode(servers); err != nil {
+		_ = file.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	return file.Close()
+}
diff --git a/internal/storage/hardcoded.go b/internal/storage/hardcoded.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..845b1c52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/storage/hardcoded.go
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package storage
+
+import (
+	"embed"
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+)
+
+//go:embed servers.json
+var allServersEmbedFS embed.FS //nolint:gochecknoglobals
+
+func parseHardcodedServers() (allServers models.AllServers, err error) {
+	f, err := allServersEmbedFS.Open("servers.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		return allServers, err
+	}
+	decoder := json.NewDecoder(f)
+	err = decoder.Decode(&allServers)
+	return allServers, err
+}
diff --git a/internal/constants/servers_test.go b/internal/storage/hardcoded_test.go
similarity index 94%
rename from internal/constants/servers_test.go
rename to internal/storage/hardcoded_test.go
index 60c8c904..35798bea 100644
--- a/internal/constants/servers_test.go
+++ b/internal/storage/hardcoded_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package constants
+package storage
 
 import (
 	"crypto/sha256"
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-func Test_parseAllServers(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_parseHardcodedServers(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	servers, err := parseAllServers()
+	servers, err := parseHardcodedServers()
 
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotEmpty(t, len(servers.Cyberghost.Servers))
@@ -38,7 +38,10 @@ func digestServerModelVersion(t *testing.T, server interface{}, version uint16)
 
 func Test_versions(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
-	allServers := GetAllServers()
+
+	allServers, err := parseHardcodedServers()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
 	const format = "you forgot to update the version for %s"
 	testCases := map[string]struct {
 		model   interface{}
diff --git a/internal/storage/merge.go b/internal/storage/merge.go
index b132406b..92072cc2 100644
--- a/internal/storage/merge.go
+++ b/internal/storage/merge.go
@@ -4,11 +4,10 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 )
 
-func (s *storage) logVersionDiff(provider string, diff int) {
+func (s *Storage) logVersionDiff(provider string, diff int) {
 	diffString := strconv.Itoa(diff)
 
 	message := provider + " servers from file discarded because they are " +
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ func (s *storage) logVersionDiff(provider string, diff int) {
 	s.logger.Info(message)
 }
 
-func (s *storage) logTimeDiff(provider string, persistedUnix, hardcodedUnix int64) {
+func (s *Storage) logTimeDiff(provider string, persistedUnix, hardcodedUnix int64) {
 	diff := time.Unix(persistedUnix, 0).Sub(time.Unix(hardcodedUnix, 0))
 	if diff < 0 {
 		diff = -diff
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ func (s *storage) logTimeDiff(provider string, persistedUnix, hardcodedUnix int6
 	s.logger.Info(message)
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeServers(hardcoded, persisted models.AllServers) models.AllServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeServers(hardcoded, persisted models.AllServers) models.AllServers {
 	return models.AllServers{
 		Version:      hardcoded.Version,
 		Cyberghost:   s.mergeCyberghost(hardcoded.Cyberghost, persisted.Cyberghost),
@@ -54,7 +53,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeServers(hardcoded, persisted models.AllServers) models.Al
 	}
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeCyberghost(hardcoded, persisted models.CyberghostServers) models.CyberghostServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeCyberghost(hardcoded, persisted models.CyberghostServers) models.CyberghostServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeCyberghost(hardcoded, persisted models.CyberghostServers)
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeFastestvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.FastestvpnServers) models.FastestvpnServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeFastestvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.FastestvpnServers) models.FastestvpnServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -82,7 +81,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeFastestvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.FastestvpnServers)
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeHideMyAss(hardcoded, persisted models.HideMyAssServers) models.HideMyAssServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeHideMyAss(hardcoded, persisted models.HideMyAssServers) models.HideMyAssServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeHideMyAss(hardcoded, persisted models.HideMyAssServers) m
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeIpvanish(hardcoded, persisted models.IpvanishServers) models.IpvanishServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeIpvanish(hardcoded, persisted models.IpvanishServers) models.IpvanishServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeIpvanish(hardcoded, persisted models.IpvanishServers) mod
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeIvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.IvpnServers) models.IvpnServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeIvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.IvpnServers) models.IvpnServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeIvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.IvpnServers) models.Ivpn
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeMullvad(hardcoded, persisted models.MullvadServers) models.MullvadServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeMullvad(hardcoded, persisted models.MullvadServers) models.MullvadServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -136,7 +135,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeMullvad(hardcoded, persisted models.MullvadServers) model
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeNordVPN(hardcoded, persisted models.NordvpnServers) models.NordvpnServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeNordVPN(hardcoded, persisted models.NordvpnServers) models.NordvpnServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeNordVPN(hardcoded, persisted models.NordvpnServers) model
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergePrivado(hardcoded, persisted models.PrivadoServers) models.PrivadoServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergePrivado(hardcoded, persisted models.PrivadoServers) models.PrivadoServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -165,7 +164,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergePrivado(hardcoded, persisted models.PrivadoServers) model
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergePIA(hardcoded, persisted models.PiaServers) models.PiaServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergePIA(hardcoded, persisted models.PiaServers) models.PiaServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergePIA(hardcoded, persisted models.PiaServers) models.PiaSer
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergePrivatevpn(hardcoded, persisted models.PrivatevpnServers) models.PrivatevpnServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergePrivatevpn(hardcoded, persisted models.PrivatevpnServers) models.PrivatevpnServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -193,7 +192,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergePrivatevpn(hardcoded, persisted models.PrivatevpnServers)
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeProtonvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.ProtonvpnServers) models.ProtonvpnServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeProtonvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.ProtonvpnServers) models.ProtonvpnServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -207,7 +206,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeProtonvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.ProtonvpnServers) m
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergePureVPN(hardcoded, persisted models.PurevpnServers) models.PurevpnServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergePureVPN(hardcoded, persisted models.PurevpnServers) models.PurevpnServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -222,7 +221,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergePureVPN(hardcoded, persisted models.PurevpnServers) model
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeSurfshark(hardcoded, persisted models.SurfsharkServers) models.SurfsharkServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeSurfshark(hardcoded, persisted models.SurfsharkServers) models.SurfsharkServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -237,7 +236,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeSurfshark(hardcoded, persisted models.SurfsharkServers) m
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeTorguard(hardcoded, persisted models.TorguardServers) models.TorguardServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeTorguard(hardcoded, persisted models.TorguardServers) models.TorguardServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -251,21 +250,21 @@ func (s *storage) mergeTorguard(hardcoded, persisted models.TorguardServers) mod
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeVPNUnlimited(hardcoded, persisted models.VPNUnlimitedServers) models.VPNUnlimitedServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeVPNUnlimited(hardcoded, persisted models.VPNUnlimitedServers) models.VPNUnlimitedServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
 	versionDiff := int(hardcoded.Version) - int(persisted.Version)
 	if versionDiff > 0 {
-		s.logVersionDiff(constants.VPNUnlimited, versionDiff)
+		s.logVersionDiff("VPN Unlimited", versionDiff)
 		return hardcoded
 	}
 
-	s.logTimeDiff(constants.VPNUnlimited, persisted.Timestamp, hardcoded.Timestamp)
+	s.logTimeDiff("VPN Unlimited", persisted.Timestamp, hardcoded.Timestamp)
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeVyprvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.VyprvpnServers) models.VyprvpnServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeVyprvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.VyprvpnServers) models.VyprvpnServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
@@ -280,7 +279,7 @@ func (s *storage) mergeVyprvpn(hardcoded, persisted models.VyprvpnServers) model
 	return persisted
 }
 
-func (s *storage) mergeWindscribe(hardcoded, persisted models.WindscribeServers) models.WindscribeServers {
+func (s *Storage) mergeWindscribe(hardcoded, persisted models.WindscribeServers) models.WindscribeServers {
 	if persisted.Timestamp <= hardcoded.Timestamp {
 		return hardcoded
 	}
diff --git a/internal/storage/read.go b/internal/storage/read.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6ff80055
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/storage/read.go
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package storage
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+)
+
+func readFromFile(filepath string) (servers models.AllServers, err error) {
+	file, err := os.Open(filepath)
+	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return servers, nil
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return servers, err
+	}
+	decoder := json.NewDecoder(file)
+	if err := decoder.Decode(&servers); err != nil {
+		_ = file.Close()
+		if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+			return servers, nil
+		}
+		return servers, err
+	}
+	return servers, file.Close()
+}
diff --git a/internal/storage/servers.go b/internal/storage/servers.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0830777c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/storage/servers.go
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package storage
+
+import "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+
+func (s *Storage) GetServers() models.AllServers {
+	return s.mergedServers.GetCopy()
+}
diff --git a/internal/constants/servers.json b/internal/storage/servers.json
similarity index 100%
rename from internal/constants/servers.json
rename to internal/storage/servers.json
diff --git a/internal/storage/storage.go b/internal/storage/storage.go
index 574aa236..4bf90ec2 100644
--- a/internal/storage/storage.go
+++ b/internal/storage/storage.go
@@ -6,20 +6,29 @@ import (
 	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
 )
 
-type Storage interface {
-	// Passing an empty filepath disables writing to a file
-	SyncServers(hardcodedServers models.AllServers) (allServers models.AllServers, err error)
-	FlushToFile(servers models.AllServers) error
+type Storage struct {
+	mergedServers    models.AllServers
+	hardcodedServers models.AllServers
+	logger           logging.Logger
+	filepath         string
 }
 
-type storage struct {
-	logger   logging.Logger
-	filepath string
-}
+// New creates a new storage and reads the servers from the
+// embedded servers file and the file on disk.
+// Passing an empty filepath disables writing servers to a file.
+func New(logger logging.Logger, filepath string) (storage *Storage, err error) {
+	// error returned covered by unit test
+	harcodedServers, _ := parseHardcodedServers()
 
-func New(logger logging.Logger, filepath string) Storage {
-	return &storage{
-		logger:   logger,
-		filepath: filepath,
+	storage = &Storage{
+		hardcodedServers: harcodedServers,
+		logger:           logger,
+		filepath:         filepath,
 	}
+
+	if err := storage.SyncServers(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return storage, nil
 }
diff --git a/internal/storage/sync.go b/internal/storage/sync.go
index 301c30e6..e849e3cd 100644
--- a/internal/storage/sync.go
+++ b/internal/storage/sync.go
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 package storage
 
 import (
-	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"reflect"
-	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 )
@@ -38,70 +33,35 @@ func countServers(allServers models.AllServers) int {
 		len(allServers.Windscribe.Servers)
 }
 
-func (s *storage) SyncServers(hardcodedServers models.AllServers) (
-	allServers models.AllServers, err error) {
+func (s *Storage) SyncServers() (err error) {
 	serversOnFile, err := readFromFile(s.filepath)
 	if err != nil {
-		return allServers, fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrCannotReadFile, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrCannotReadFile, err)
 	}
 
-	hardcodedCount := countServers(hardcodedServers)
+	hardcodedCount := countServers(s.hardcodedServers)
 	countOnFile := countServers(serversOnFile)
 
 	if countOnFile == 0 {
-		s.logger.Info("creating " + s.filepath + " with " + strconv.Itoa(hardcodedCount) + " hardcoded servers")
-		allServers = hardcodedServers
+		s.logger.Info(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"creating %s with %d hardcoded servers",
+			s.filepath, hardcodedCount))
+		s.mergedServers = s.hardcodedServers
 	} else {
-		s.logger.Info("merging by most recent " +
-			strconv.Itoa(hardcodedCount) + " hardcoded servers and " +
-			strconv.Itoa(countOnFile) + " servers read from " + s.filepath)
-		allServers = s.mergeServers(hardcodedServers, serversOnFile)
+		s.logger.Info(fmt.Sprintf(
+			"merging by most recent %d hardcoded servers and %d servers read from %s",
+			hardcodedCount, countOnFile, s.filepath))
+
+		s.mergedServers = s.mergeServers(s.hardcodedServers, serversOnFile)
 	}
 
 	// Eventually write file
-	if s.filepath == "" || reflect.DeepEqual(serversOnFile, allServers) {
-		return allServers, nil
+	if s.filepath == "" || reflect.DeepEqual(serversOnFile, s.mergedServers) {
+		return nil
 	}
 
-	if err := flushToFile(s.filepath, allServers); err != nil {
-		return allServers, fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrCannotWriteFile, err)
+	if err := flushToFile(s.filepath, s.mergedServers); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrCannotWriteFile, err)
 	}
-	return allServers, nil
-}
-
-func readFromFile(filepath string) (servers models.AllServers, err error) {
-	file, err := os.Open(filepath)
-	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return servers, nil
-	} else if err != nil {
-		return servers, err
-	}
-	decoder := json.NewDecoder(file)
-	if err := decoder.Decode(&servers); err != nil {
-		_ = file.Close()
-		if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
-			return servers, nil
-		}
-		return servers, err
-	}
-	return servers, file.Close()
-}
-
-func flushToFile(path string, servers models.AllServers) error {
-	dirPath := filepath.Dir(path)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll(dirPath, 0644); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	file, err := os.OpenFile(path, os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_TRUNC, 0644)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	encoder := json.NewEncoder(file)
-	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
-	if err := encoder.Encode(servers); err != nil {
-		_ = file.Close()
-		return err
-	}
-	return file.Close()
+	return nil
 }
diff --git a/internal/updater/loop.go b/internal/updater/loop.go
index 4f8f8414..8cd67295 100644
--- a/internal/updater/loop.go
+++ b/internal/updater/loop.go
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ type looper struct {
 	state state
 	// Objects
 	updater       Updater
-	storage       storage.Storage
+	flusher       storage.Flusher
 	setAllServers func(allServers models.AllServers)
 	logger        logging.Logger
 	// Internal channels and locks
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ type looper struct {
 const defaultBackoffTime = 5 * time.Second
 
 func NewLooper(settings configuration.Updater, currentServers models.AllServers,
-	storage storage.Storage, setAllServers func(allServers models.AllServers),
+	flusher storage.Flusher, setAllServers func(allServers models.AllServers),
 	client *http.Client, logger logging.Logger) Looper {
 	return &looper{
 		state: state{
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func NewLooper(settings configuration.Updater, currentServers models.AllServers,
 			settings: settings,
 		},
 		updater:       New(settings, client, currentServers, logger),
-		storage:       storage,
+		flusher:       flusher,
 		setAllServers: setAllServers,
 		logger:        logger,
 		start:         make(chan struct{}),
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ func (l *looper) Run(ctx context.Context, done chan<- struct{}) {
 				l.stopped <- struct{}{}
 			case servers := <-serversCh:
 				l.setAllServers(servers)
-				if err := l.storage.FlushToFile(servers); err != nil {
+				if err := l.flusher.FlushToFile(servers); err != nil {
 					l.logger.Error(err.Error())
 				}
 				runWg.Wait()