change!(server): auth is now required for all routes

- `-proton-username` flag for cli update
- `-proton-password` flag for cli update
- `UPDATER_PROTONVPN_USERNAME` option for periodic updates
- `UPDATER_PROTONVPN_PASSWORD` option for periodic updates

.devcontainer/.dockerignore

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 .dockerignore
 devcontainer.json
-docker-compose.yml
 Dockerfile
 README.md

.devcontainer/Dockerfile

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-FROM qmcgaw/godevcontainer
+FROM ghcr.io/qdm12/godevcontainer:v0.21-alpine
-RUN apk add wireguard-tools
+RUN apk add wireguard-tools htop openssl

.devcontainer/README.md

@@ -2,68 +2,47 @@
 
 Development container that can be used with VSCode.
 
-It works on Linux, Windows and OSX.
+It works on Linux, Windows (WSL2) and OSX.
 
 ## Requirements
 
 - [VS code](https://code.visualstudio.com/download) installed
-- [VS code remote containers extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers) installed
+- [VS code dev containers extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers) installed
 - [Docker](https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop) installed and running
-    - If you don't use Linux or WSL 2, share your home directory `~/` and the directory of your project with Docker Desktop
-- [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/) installed
-- Ensure your host has the following and that they are accessible by Docker:
-    - `~/.ssh` directory
-    - `~/.gitconfig` file (can be empty)
 
 ## Setup
 
+1. Create the following files and directory on your host if you don't have them:
+
+    ```sh
+    touch ~/.gitconfig ~/.zsh_history
+    mkdir -p ~/.ssh
+    ```
+
+1. **For OSX hosts**: ensure the project directory and your home directory `~` are accessible by Docker.
 1. Open the command palette in Visual Studio Code (CTRL+SHIFT+P).
-1. Select `Remote-Containers: Open Folder in Container...` and choose the project directory.
+1. Select `Dev-Containers: Open Folder in Container...` and choose the project directory.
-1. For Docker running on Windows HyperV, if you want to use SSH keys, bind mount them at `/tmp/.ssh` by changing the `volumes` section in the [docker-compose.yml](docker-compose.yml).
 
 ## Customization
 
-### Customize the image
+For any customization to take effect, you should "rebuild and reopen":
 
-You can make changes to the [Dockerfile](Dockerfile) and then rebuild the image. For example, your Dockerfile could be:
+1. Open the command palette in Visual Studio Code (CTRL+SHIFT+P)
+2. Select `Dev-Containers: Rebuild Container`
 
-```Dockerfile
+Changes you can make are notably:
-FROM qmcgaw/godevcontainer
-USER root
-RUN apk add curl
-USER vscode
-```
 
-Note that you may need to use `USER root` to build as root, and then change back to `USER vscode`.
+- Changes to the Docker image in [Dockerfile](Dockerfile)
+- Changes to VSCode **settings** and **extensions** in [devcontainer.json](devcontainer.json).
+- Change the entrypoint script by adding a bind mount in [devcontainer.json](devcontainer.json) of a shell script to `/root/.welcome.sh` to replace the [current welcome script](https://github.com/qdm12/godevcontainer/blob/master/shell/.welcome.sh). For example:
 
-To rebuild the image, either:
+    ```json
-
+    // Welcome script
-- With VSCode through the command palette, select `Remote-Containers: Rebuild and reopen in container`
+    {
-- With a terminal, go to this directory and `docker-compose build`
+        "source": "/yourpath/.welcome.sh",
-
+        "target": "/root/.welcome.sh",
-### Customize VS code settings
+        "type": "bind"
-
+    },
-You can customize **settings** and **extensions** in the [devcontainer.json](devcontainer.json) definition file.
-
-### Entrypoint script
-
-You can bind mount a shell script to `/home/vscode/.welcome.sh` to replace the [current welcome script](shell/.welcome.sh).
-
-### Publish a port
-
-To access a port from your host to your development container, publish a port in [docker-compose.yml](docker-compose.yml).
-
-### Run other services
-
-1. Modify [docker-compose.yml](docker-compose.yml) to launch other services at the same time as this development container, such as a test database:
-
-    ```yml
-      database:
-        image: postgres
-        restart: always
-        environment:
-          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password
     ```
 
-1. In [devcontainer.json](devcontainer.json), change the line `"runServices": ["vscode"],` to `"runServices": ["vscode", "database"],`.
+- More options are documented in the [devcontainer.json reference](https://containers.dev/implementors/json_reference/).
-1. In the VS code command palette, rebuild the container.

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,81 +1,111 @@
-{
+{
-    "name": "gluetun-dev",
+    "name": "gluetun-dev",
-    "dockerComposeFile": [
+    // User defined settings
-        "docker-compose.yml"
+    "containerEnv": {
-    ],
+        "TZ": ""
-    "service": "vscode",
+    },
-    "runServices": [
+    // Fixed settings
-        "vscode"
+    "build": {
-    ],
+        "dockerfile": "./Dockerfile"
-    "shutdownAction": "stopCompose",
+    },
-    "postCreateCommand": "~/.windows.sh && go mod download && go mod tidy",
+    "postCreateCommand": "~/.windows.sh && go mod download",
-    "workspaceFolder": "/workspace",
+    "capAdd": [
-    "extensions": [
+        "NET_ADMIN", // Gluetun specific
-        "golang.go",
+        "SYS_PTRACE" // for dlv Go debugging
-        "eamodio.gitlens", // IDE Git information
+    ],
-        "davidanson.vscode-markdownlint",
+    "securityOpt": [
-        "ms-azuretools.vscode-docker", // Docker integration and linting
+        "seccomp=unconfined" // for dlv Go debugging
-        "shardulm94.trailing-spaces", // Show trailing spaces
+    ],
-        "Gruntfuggly.todo-tree", // Highlights TODO comments
+    "mounts": [
-        "bierner.emojisense", // Emoji sense for markdown
+        // Zsh commands history persistence
-        "stkb.rewrap", // rewrap comments after n characters on one line
+        {
-        "vscode-icons-team.vscode-icons", // Better file extension icons
+            "source": "${localEnv:HOME}/.zsh_history",
-        "github.vscode-pull-request-github", // Github interaction
+            "target": "/root/.zsh_history",
-        "redhat.vscode-yaml", // Kubernetes, Drone syntax highlighting
+            "type": "bind"
-        "bajdzis.vscode-database", // Supports connections to mysql or postgres, over SSL, socked
+        },
-        "IBM.output-colorizer", // Colorize your output/test logs
+        // Git configuration file
-        "mohsen1.prettify-json", // Prettify JSON data
+        {
-    ],
+            "source": "${localEnv:HOME}/.gitconfig",
-    "settings": {
+            "target": "/root/.gitconfig",
-        "files.eol": "\n",
+            "type": "bind"
-        "remote.extensionKind": {
+        },
-            "ms-azuretools.vscode-docker": "workspace"
+        // SSH directory for Linux, OSX and WSL
-        },
+        // On Linux and OSX, a symlink /mnt/ssh <-> ~/.ssh is
-        "editor.codeActionsOnSaveTimeout": 3000,
+        // created in the container. On Windows, files are copied
-        "go.useLanguageServer": true,
+        // from /mnt/ssh to ~/.ssh to fix permissions.
-        "[go]": {
+        {
-            "editor.formatOnSave": true,
+            "source": "${localEnv:HOME}/.ssh",
-            "editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
+            "target": "/mnt/ssh",
-                "source.organizeImports": true,
+            "type": "bind"
-            },
+        },
-            // Optional: Disable snippets, as they conflict with completion ranking.
+        // Docker socket to access the host Docker server
-            "editor.snippetSuggestions": "none"
+        {
-        },
+            "source": "/var/run/docker.sock",
-        "[go.mod]": {
+            "target": "/var/run/docker.sock",
-            "editor.formatOnSave": true,
+            "type": "bind"
-            "editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
+        }
-                "source.organizeImports": true,
+    ],
-            },
+    "customizations": {
-        },
+        "vscode": {
-        "gopls": {
+            "extensions": [
-            "usePlaceholders": false,
+                "golang.go",
-            "staticcheck": true
+                "eamodio.gitlens", // IDE Git information
-        },
+                "davidanson.vscode-markdownlint",
-        "go.autocompleteUnimportedPackages": true,
+                "ms-azuretools.vscode-docker", // Docker integration and linting
-        "go.gotoSymbol.includeImports": true,
+                "shardulm94.trailing-spaces", // Show trailing spaces
-        "go.gotoSymbol.includeGoroot": true,
+                "Gruntfuggly.todo-tree", // Highlights TODO comments
-        "go.lintTool": "golangci-lint",
+                "bierner.emojisense", // Emoji sense for markdown
-        "go.buildOnSave": "workspace",
+                "stkb.rewrap", // rewrap comments after n characters on one line
-        "go.lintOnSave": "workspace",
+                "vscode-icons-team.vscode-icons", // Better file extension icons
-        "go.vetOnSave": "workspace",
+                "github.vscode-pull-request-github", // Github interaction
-        "editor.formatOnSave": true,
+                "redhat.vscode-yaml", // Kubernetes, Drone syntax highlighting
-        "go.toolsEnvVars": {
+                "bajdzis.vscode-database", // Supports connections to mysql or postgres, over SSL, socked
-            "GOFLAGS": "-tags=",
+                "IBM.output-colorizer", // Colorize your output/test logs
-            // "CGO_ENABLED": 1 // for the race detector
+                "github.copilot" // AI code completion
-        },
+            ],
-        "gopls.env": {
+            "settings": {
-            "GOFLAGS": "-tags="
+                "files.eol": "\n",
-        },
+                "remote.extensionKind": {
-        "go.testEnvVars": {
+                    "ms-azuretools.vscode-docker": "workspace"
-            "": ""
+                },
-        },
+                "go.useLanguageServer": true,
-        "go.testFlags": [
+                "[go]": {
-            "-v",
+                    "editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
-            // "-race"
+                        "source.organizeImports": "explicit"
-        ],
+                    }
-        "go.testTimeout": "10s",
+                },
-        "go.coverOnSingleTest": true,
+                "[go.mod]": {
-        "go.coverOnSingleTestFile": true,
+                    "editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
-        "go.coverOnTestPackage": true
+                        "source.organizeImports": "explicit"
-    }
+                    }
+                },
+                "gopls": {
+                    "usePlaceholders": false,
+                    "staticcheck": true,
+                    "ui.diagnostic.analyses": {
+                        "ST1000": false
+                    },
+                    "formatting.gofumpt": true,
+                },
+                "go.lintTool": "golangci-lint",
+                "go.lintOnSave": "package",
+                "editor.formatOnSave": true,
+                "go.buildTags": "linux",
+                "go.toolsEnvVars": {
+                    "CGO_ENABLED": "0"
+                },
+                "go.testEnvVars": {
+                    "CGO_ENABLED": "1"
+                },
+                "go.testFlags": [
+                    "-v",
+                    "-race"
+                ],
+                "go.testTimeout": "10s",
+                "go.coverOnSingleTest": true,
+                "go.coverOnSingleTestFile": true,
+                "go.coverOnTestPackage": true
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

.devcontainer/docker-compose.yml

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-version: "3.7"
-
-services:
-  vscode:
-    build: .
-    image: godevcontainer
-    devices:
-      - /dev/net/tun:/dev/net/tun
-    volumes:
-      - ../:/workspace
-      # Docker socket to access Docker server
-      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
-      # Docker configuration
-      - ~/.docker:/root/.docker:z
-      # SSH directory for Linux, OSX and WSL
-      - ~/.ssh:/root/.ssh:z
-      # For Windows without WSL, a copy will be made
-      # from /tmp/.ssh to ~/.ssh to fix permissions
-      #- ~/.ssh:/tmp/.ssh:ro
-      # Shell history persistence
-      - ~/.zsh_history:/root/.zsh_history:z
-      # Git config
-      - ~/.gitconfig:/root/.gitconfig:z
-    environment:
-      - TZ=
-    cap_add:
-      # For debugging with dlv
-      # - SYS_PTRACE
-      - NET_ADMIN
-    security_opt:
-      # For debugging with dlv
-      - seccomp:unconfined
-    entrypoint: zsh -c "while sleep 1000; do :; done"

.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ Contributions are [released](https://help.github.com/articles/github-terms-of-se
 
 ## Resources
 
-- [Gluetun guide on development](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Development)
+- [Gluetun guide on development](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/contributing/development.md)
 - [Using Pull Requests](https://help.github.com/articles/about-pull-requests/)
 - [How to Contribute to Open Source](https://opensource.guide/how-to-contribute/)

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug.yml

@@ -7,13 +7,18 @@ body:
     attributes:
       value: |
         Thanks for taking the time to fill out this bug report!
+
+        ⚠️ Your issue will be instantly closed as not planned WITHOUT explanation if:
+        - you do not fill out **the title of the issue** ☝️
+        - you do not provide the **Gluetun version** as requested below
+        - you provide **less than 10 lines of logs** as requested below
   - type: dropdown
     id: urgent
     attributes:
       label: Is this urgent?
       description: |
         Is this a critical bug, or do you need this fixed urgently?
-        If this is urgent, note you can use one of the [image tags available](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Docker-image-tags) if that can help.
+        If this is urgent, note you can use one of the [image tags available](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/docker-image-tags.md) if that can help.
       options:
         - "No"
         - "Yes"
@@ -40,10 +45,12 @@ body:
     attributes:
       label: VPN service provider
       options:
+        - AirVPN
         - Custom
         - Cyberghost
         - ExpressVPN
         - FastestVPN
+        - Giganews
         - HideMyAss
         - IPVanish
         - IVPN
@@ -54,8 +61,10 @@ body:
         - PrivateVPN
         - ProtonVPN
         - PureVPN
+        - SlickVPN
         - Surfshark
         - TorGuard
+        - VPNSecure.me
         - VPNUnlimited
         - VyprVPN
         - WeVPN
@@ -72,6 +81,7 @@ body:
         - Portainer
         - Kubernetes
         - Podman
+        - Unraid
         - Other
     validations:
       required: true
@@ -81,7 +91,7 @@ body:
       label: What is the version of Gluetun
       description: |
         Copy paste the version line at the top of your logs.
-        It should be in the form `Running version latest built on 2020-03-13T01:30:06Z (commit d0f678c)`.
+        It MUST be in the form `Running version latest built on 2020-03-13T01:30:06Z (commit d0f678c)`.
     validations:
       required: true
   - type: textarea
@@ -94,9 +104,9 @@ body:
   - type: textarea
     id: logs
     attributes:
-      label: Share your logs
+      label: Share your logs (at least 10 lines)
       description: No sensitive information is logged out except when running with `LOG_LEVEL=debug`.
-      render: log
+      render: plain text
     validations:
       required: true
   - type: textarea

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
+blank_issues_enabled: false
 contact_links:
+  - name: Report a Wiki issue
+    url: https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/issues/new/choose
+    about: Please create an issue on the gluetun-wiki repository.
   - name: Configuration help?
-    url: https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/discussions/new
+    url: https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/discussions/new/choose
     about: Please create a Github discussion.
   - name: Unraid template issue
     url: https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/discussions/550

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/provider.md

@@ -6,12 +6,35 @@ labels: ":bulb: New provider"
 
 ---
 
-One of the following is required:
+Important notes:
 
-- Publicly accessible URL to a zip file containing the Openvpn configuration files
+- There is no need to support both OpenVPN and Wireguard for a provider, but it's better to support both if possible
-- Publicly accessible URL to a structured (JSON etc.) list of servers **and attach** an example Openvpn configuration file for both TCP and UDP
+- We do **not** implement authentication to access servers information behind a login. This is way too time consuming unfortunately
+- If it's not possible to support a provider natively, you can still use the [the custom provider](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/providers/custom.md)
+
+## For Wireguard
+
+Wireguard can be natively supported ONLY if:
+
+- the `PrivateKey` field value is the same across all servers for one user account
+- the `Address` field value is:
+  - can be found in a structured (JSON etc.) list of servers publicly available; OR
+  - the same across all servers for one user account
+- the `PublicKey` field value is:
+  - can be found in a structured (JSON etc.) list of servers publicly available; OR
+  - the same across all servers for one user account
+- the `Endpoint` field value:
+  - can be found in a structured (JSON etc.) list of servers publicly available
+  - can be determined using a pattern, for example using country codes in hostnames
+
+If any of these conditions are not met, Wireguard cannot be natively supported or there is no advantage compared to using a custom Wireguard configuration file.
+
+If **all** of these conditions are met, please provide an answer for each of them.
+
+## For OpenVPN
+
+OpenVPN can be natively supported ONLY if one of the following can be provided, by preference in this order:
+
+- Publicly accessible URL to a structured (JSON etc.) list of servers **and attach** an example Openvpn configuration file for both TCP and UDP; OR
+- Publicly accessible URL to a zip file containing the Openvpn configuration files; OR
 - Publicly accessible URL to the list of servers **and attach** an example Openvpn configuration file for both TCP and UDP
-
-If the list of servers requires to login **or** is hidden behind an interactive configurator,
-you can only use a custom Openvpn configuration file.
-[The Wiki](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Openvpn-file) describes how to do so.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/wiki issue.yml

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-name: Wiki issue
-description: Report a Wiki issue
-title: "Wiki issue: "
-labels: ["📄 Wiki issue"]
-body:
-  - type: input
-    id: url
-    attributes:
-      label: "URL to the Wiki page"
-      placeholder: "https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/OpenVPN-options"
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    id: description
-    attributes:
-      label: "What's the issue?"
-    validations:
-      required: true

.github/labels.yml

@@ -1,110 +1,152 @@
-- name: "Bug :bug:"
+- name: "Status: 🗯️ Waiting for feedback"
-  color: "b60205"
+  color: "f7d692"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Status: 🔴 Blocked"
-- name: "Feature request :bulb:"
+  color: "f7d692"
-  color: "0e8a16"
+  description: "Blocked by another issue or pull request"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Status: 📌 Before next release"
-- name: "Help wanted :pray:"
+  color: "f7d692"
-  color: "4caf50"
+  description: "Has to be done before the next release"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Status: 🔒 After next release"
-- name: "Documentation :memo:"
+  color: "f7d692"
-  color: "c5def5"
+  description: "Will be done after the next release"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Status: 🟡 Nearly resolved"
-- name: "Needs more info :thinking:"
+  color: "f7d692"
-  color: "795548"
+  description: "This might be resolved or is about to be resolved"
-  description: ""
 
-# Priority
+- name: "Closed: ⚰️ Inactive"
-- name: "🚨 Urgent"
+  color: "959a9c"
-  color: "d5232f"
+  description: "No answer was received for weeks"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Closed: 👥 Duplicate"
-- name: "💤 Low priority"
+  color: "959a9c"
-  color: "4285f4"
+  description: "Issue duplicates an existing issue"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Closed: 🗑️ Bad issue"
+  color: "959a9c"
+- name: "Closed: ☠️ cannot be done"
+  color: "959a9c"
+
+- name: "Priority: 🚨 Urgent"
+  color: "03adfc"
+- name: "Priority: 💤 Low priority"
+  color: "03adfc"
+
+- name: "Complexity: ☣️ Hard to do"
+  color: "ff9efc"
+- name: "Complexity: 🟩 Easy to do"
+  color: "ff9efc"
+
+- name: "Popularity: ❤️‍🔥 extreme"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Popularity: ❤️ high"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
 
 # VPN providers
-- name: ":cloud: Cyberghost"
+- name: "☁️ AirVPN"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ Custom"
-- name: ":cloud: HideMyAss"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ Cyberghost"
-- name: ":cloud: IPVanish"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ Giganews"
-- name: ":cloud: IVPN"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ HideMyAss"
-- name: ":cloud: ExpressVPN"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ IPVanish"
-- name: ":cloud: FastestVPN"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ IVPN"
-- name: ":cloud: Mullvad"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ ExpressVPN"
-- name: ":cloud: NordVPN"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ FastestVPN"
-- name: ":cloud: Perfect Privacy"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ Mullvad"
-- name: ":cloud: PIA"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ NordVPN"
-- name: ":cloud: Privado"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ Perfect Privacy"
-- name: ":cloud: PrivateVPN"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ PIA"
-- name: ":cloud: ProtonVPN"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-- name: ":cloud: PureVPN"
+- name: "☁️ Privado"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ PrivateVPN"
-- name: ":cloud: Surfshark"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ ProtonVPN"
-- name: ":cloud: Torguard"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ PureVPN"
-- name: ":cloud: VPNUnlimited"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ SlickVPN"
-- name: ":cloud: Vyprvpn"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ Surfshark"
-- name: ":cloud: WeVPN"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
+- name: "☁️ Torguard"
-- name: ":cloud: Windscribe"
+  color: "cfe8d4"
+- name: "☁️ VPNSecure.me"
+  color: "cfe8d4"
+- name: "☁️ VPNUnlimited"
+  color: "cfe8d4"
+- name: "☁️ Vyprvpn"
+  color: "cfe8d4"
+- name: "☁️ WeVPN"
+  color: "cfe8d4"
+- name: "☁️ Windscribe"
   color: "cfe8d4"
-  description: ""
 
-# Problem category
+- name: "Category: User error 🤦"
-- name: "Openvpn"
+  from_name: "Category: Config problem 📝"
   color: "ffc7ea"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Category: Healthcheck 🩺"
-- name: "Wireguard"
   color: "ffc7ea"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Category: Documentation ✒️"
-- name: "Unbound (DNS over TLS)"
+  description: "A problem with the readme or a code comment."
   color: "ffc7ea"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Category: Maintenance ⛓️"
-- name: "Firewall"
+  description: "Anything related to code or other maintenance"
   color: "ffc7ea"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Category: Logs 📚"
-- name: "HTTP proxy"
+  description: "Something to change in logs"
   color: "ffc7ea"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Category: Good idea 🎯"
-- name: "Shadowsocks"
+  description: "This is a good idea, judged by the maintainers"
   color: "ffc7ea"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Category: Motivated! 🙌"
-- name: "Healthcheck server"
+  description: "Your pumpness makes me pumped! The issue or PR shows great motivation!"
   color: "ffc7ea"
-  description: ""
+- name: "Category: Foolproof settings 👼"
-- name: "Control server"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: Label missing ❗"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: updater ♻️"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+  description: "Concerns the code to update servers data"
+- name: "Category: New provider 🆕"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: OpenVPN 🔐"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: Wireguard 🔐"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: DNS 📠"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: Firewall ⛓️"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: Routing 🛤️"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: IPv6 🛰️"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: VPN port forwarding 📥"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: HTTP proxy 🔁"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: Shadowsocks 🔁"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: control server ⚙️"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: kernel 🧠"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: public IP service 💬"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: servers storage 📦"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: Performance 🚀"
+  color: "ffc7ea"
+- name: "Category: Investigation 🔍"
   color: "ffc7ea"
-  description: ""

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Description
+
+<!-- Please describe the reason for the changes being proposed. -->
+
+# Issue
+
+<!-- Please link to the issue(s) this change relates to. -->
+
+# Assertions
+
+* [ ] I am aware that we do not accept manual changes to the servers.json file <!-- If this is your goal, please consult https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/servers.md#update-using-the-command-line -->
+* [ ] I am aware that any changes to settings should be reflected in the [wiki](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/)

.github/workflows/ci-skip.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+name: No trigger file paths
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    paths-ignore:
+      - .github/workflows/ci.yml
+      - cmd/**
+      - internal/**
+      - pkg/**
+      - .dockerignore
+      - .golangci.yml
+      - Dockerfile
+      - go.mod
+      - go.sum
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - .github/workflows/ci.yml
+      - cmd/**
+      - internal/**
+      - pkg/**
+      - .dockerignore
+      - .golangci.yml
+      - Dockerfile
+      - go.mod
+      - go.sum
+
+jobs:
+  verify:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+    steps:
+      - name: No trigger path triggered for required verify workflow.
+        run: exit 0

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ on:
       - go.mod
       - go.sum
   pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - master
     paths:
       - .github/workflows/ci.yml
       - cmd/**
@@ -32,23 +30,28 @@ on:
 
 jobs:
   verify:
-    # Only run if it's a push event or if it's a PR from this repository, and it is not dependabot.
-    if: |
-      github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]' &&
-      (github.event_name == 'push' ||
-      github.event_name == 'release' ||
-      (github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository))
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
     env:
       DOCKER_BUILDKIT: "1"
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+
+      - uses: reviewdog/action-misspell@v1
+        with:
+          locale: "US"
+          level: error
+          exclude: |
+            ./internal/storage/servers.json
+            *.md
 
       - name: Linting
         run: docker build --target lint .
 
-      - name: Go mod tidy check
+      - name: Mocks check
-        run: docker build --target tidy .
+        run: docker build --target mocks .
 
       - name: Build test image
         run: docker build --target test -t test-container .
@@ -56,83 +59,113 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests in test container
         run: |
           touch coverage.txt
-          docker run --rm \
+          docker run --rm --device /dev/net/tun \
           -v "$(pwd)/coverage.txt:/tmp/gobuild/coverage.txt" \
           test-container
 
-      - name: Code security analysis
-        uses: snyk/actions/golang@master
-        env:
-          SNYK_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SNYK_TOKEN }}
-
       - name: Build final image
         run: docker build -t final-image .
 
-      # - name: Image security analysis
+  verify-private:
-      #   uses: snyk/actions/docker@master
-      #   env:
-      #     SNYK_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SNYK_TOKEN }}
-      #   with:
-      #     image: final-image
-
-  publish:
-    # Only run if it's a push event or if it's a PR from this repository
     if: |
-      github.event_name == 'push' ||
+      github.repository == 'qdm12/gluetun' &&
-      github.event_name == 'release' ||
+      (
-      (github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository)
+        github.event_name == 'push' ||
+        github.event_name == 'release' ||
+        (github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )
     needs: [verify]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment: secrets
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
-      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
+      - run: docker build -t qmcgaw/gluetun .
-      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
 
-      - uses: docker/login-action@v1
+      - name: Setup Go for CI utility
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          username: qmcgaw
+          go-version-file: ci/go.mod
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
 
-      - name: Check for semver tag
+      - name: Build utility
-        id: semvercheck
+        run: go build -C ./ci -o runner ./cmd/main.go
-        run: |
+
-          if [[ ${{ github.ref }} =~ ^refs\/tags\/v0\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$ ]]; then
+      - name: Run Gluetun container with Mullvad configuration
-            MATCH=true
+        run: echo -e "${{ secrets.MULLVAD_WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY }}\n${{ secrets.MULLVAD_WIREGUARD_ADDRESS }}" | ./ci/runner mullvad
-          else
+
-            MATCH=false
+  codeql:
-          fi
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-          if [[ ${{ github.ref }} =~ ^refs\/tags\/v[1-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$ ]]; then
+    permissions:
-            MATCH=$MATCH_nonzero
+      actions: read
-          fi
+      contents: read
-          echo ::set-output name=match::$MATCH
+      security-events: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+        with:
+          go-version-file: go.mod
+      - uses: github/codeql-action/init@v4
+        with:
+          languages: go
+      - uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v4
+      - uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v4
+
+  publish:
+    if: |
+      github.repository == 'qdm12/gluetun' &&
+      (
+        github.event_name == 'push' ||
+        github.event_name == 'release' ||
+        (github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]')
+      )
+    needs: [verify, codeql]
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
 
       # extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
       # https://github.com/docker/metadata-action
       - name: Extract Docker metadata
         id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v3
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
         with:
           flavor: |
-            latest=${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' }}
+            latest=${{ github.ref == format('refs/heads/{0}', github.event.repository.default_branch) }}
           images: |
+            ghcr.io/qdm12/gluetun
             qmcgaw/gluetun
             qmcgaw/private-internet-access
           tags: |
-            type=ref,event=branch,enable=${{ github.ref != 'refs/heads/master' }}
             type=ref,event=pr
-            type=ref,event=tag,enable=${{ !startsWith(steps.semvercheck.outputs.match, 'true') }}
+            type=semver,pattern=v{{major}}.{{minor}}.{{patch}}
-            type=semver,pattern=v{{major}}.{{minor}}.{{patch}},enable=${{ startsWith(steps.semvercheck.outputs.match, 'true') }}
+            type=semver,pattern=v{{major}}.{{minor}}
-            type=semver,pattern=v{{major}}.{{minor}},enable=${{ startsWith(steps.semvercheck.outputs.match, 'true') }}
+            type=semver,pattern=v{{major}},enable=${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v0.') }}
-            type=semver,pattern=v{{major}},enable=${{ startsWith(steps.semvercheck.outputs.match, 'true_nonzero') }}
+            type=raw,value=latest,enable=${{ github.ref == format('refs/heads/{0}', github.event.repository.default_branch) }}
-            type=raw,value=latest,enable=${{ !startsWith(steps.semvercheck.outputs.match, 'true') }}
+
+      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: qmcgaw
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+
+      - uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: qdm12
+          password: ${{ github.token }}
 
       - name: Short commit
         id: shortcommit
         run: echo "::set-output name=value::$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)"
 
       - name: Build and push final image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2.7.0
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
           platforms: linux/amd64,linux/386,linux/arm64,linux/arm/v6,linux/arm/v7,linux/ppc64le
           labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}

.github/workflows/closed-issue.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: Closed issue
+on:
+  issues:
+    types: [closed]
+
+jobs:
+  comment:
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: peter-evans/create-or-update-comment@v5
+        with:
+          token: ${{ github.token }}
+          issue-number: ${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+          body: |
+            Closed issues are **NOT** monitored, so commenting here is likely to be not seen.
+            If you think this is *still unresolved* and have **more information** to bring, please create another issue.
+
+            This is an automated comment setup because @qdm12 is the sole maintainer of this project
+            which became too popular to monitor issues closed.

.github/workflows/configs/mlc-config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+  "ignorePatterns": [
+    {
+      "pattern": "^https://console.substack.com/p/console-72$"
+    }
+  ],
+  "timeout": "20s",
+  "retryOn429": false,
+  "fallbackRetryDelay": "30s",
+  "aliveStatusCodes": [
+    200,
+    429
+  ]
+}

.github/workflows/dependabot.yml

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-name: Dependabot
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - master
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/dependabot.yml
-      - cmd/**
-      - internal/**
-      - pkg/**
-      - .dockerignore
-      - .golangci.yml
-      - Dockerfile
-      - go.mod
-      - go.sum
-
-jobs:
-  verify:
-    if: ${{ github.actor == 'dependabot[bot]' }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    env:
-      DOCKER_BUILDKIT: "1"
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-
-      - name: Build test image
-        run: docker build --target test -t test-container .
-
-      - name: Run tests in test container
-        run: |
-          touch coverage.txt
-          docker run --rm \
-          -v "$(pwd)/coverage.txt:/tmp/gobuild/coverage.txt" \
-          test-container
-
-      - name: Build final image
-        run: docker build -t final-image .

.github/workflows/dockerhub-description.yml

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-name: Docker Hub description
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [master]
-    paths:
-      - README.md
-      - .github/workflows/dockerhub-description.yml
-jobs:
-  dockerHubDescription:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - name: Docker Hub Description
-        uses: peter-evans/dockerhub-description@v2
-        with:
-          username: qmcgaw
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
-          repository: qmcgaw/gluetun
-          short-description: Lightweight Swiss-knife VPN client to connect to several VPN providers
-          readme-filepath: README.md

.github/workflows/fork.yml

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-name: Fork
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - master
-    paths:
-      - .github/workflows/fork.yml
-      - cmd/**
-      - internal/**
-      - pkg/**
-      - .dockerignore
-      - .golangci.yml
-      - Dockerfile
-      - go.mod
-      - go.sum
-
-jobs:
-  verify:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.repository && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    env:
-      DOCKER_BUILDKIT: "1"
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-
-      - name: Linting
-        run: docker build --target lint .
-
-      - name: Build test image
-        run: docker build --target test -t test-container .
-
-      - name: Run tests in test container
-        run: |
-          touch coverage.txt
-          docker run --rm \
-          -v "$(pwd)/coverage.txt:/tmp/gobuild/coverage.txt" \
-          test-container
-
-      - name: Build final image
-        run: docker build -t final-image .

.github/workflows/labels.yml

@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ on:
       - .github/workflows/labels.yml
 jobs:
   labeler:
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-      - uses: crazy-max/ghaction-github-labeler@v3
+      - uses: crazy-max/ghaction-github-labeler@v5
         with:
           yaml-file: .github/labels.yml

.github/workflows/markdown-skip.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: Markdown
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    paths-ignore:
+      - "**.md"
+      - .github/workflows/markdown.yml
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - "**.md"
+      - .github/workflows/markdown.yml
+
+jobs:
+  markdown:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+    steps:
+      - name: No trigger path triggered for required markdown workflow.
+        run: exit 0

.github/workflows/markdown.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+name: Markdown
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    paths:
+      - "**.md"
+      - .github/workflows/markdown.yml
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "**.md"
+      - .github/workflows/markdown.yml
+
+jobs:
+  markdown:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+
+      - uses: DavidAnson/markdownlint-cli2-action@v20
+        with:
+          globs: "**.md"
+          config: .markdownlint-cli2.jsonc
+
+      - uses: reviewdog/action-misspell@v1
+        with:
+          locale: "US"
+          level: error
+          pattern: |
+            *.md
+
+      - uses: gaurav-nelson/github-action-markdown-link-check@v1
+        with:
+          use-quiet-mode: yes
+          config-file: .github/workflows/configs/mlc-config.json
+
+      - uses: peter-evans/dockerhub-description@v4
+        if: github.repository == 'qdm12/gluetun' && github.event_name == 'push'
+        with:
+          username: qmcgaw
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_PASSWORD }}
+          repository: qmcgaw/gluetun
+          short-description: Lightweight Swiss-knife VPN client to connect to several VPN providers
+          readme-filepath: README.md

.github/workflows/misspell.yml

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-name: Misspells
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    branches: [master]
-  push:
-    branches: [master]
-jobs:
-  misspell:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2.4.0
-      - uses: reviewdog/action-misspell@v1
-        with:
-          locale: "US"
-          level: error

.github/workflows/opened-issue.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+name: Opened issue
+on:
+  issues:
+    types: [opened]
+
+jobs:
+  comment:
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: peter-evans/create-or-update-comment@v5
+        with:
+          token: ${{ github.token }}
+          issue-number: ${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+          body: |
+            @qdm12 is more or less the only maintainer of this project and works on it in his free time.
+            Please:
+            - **do not** ask for updates, be patient
+            - :+1: the issue to show your support instead of commenting
+            @qdm12 usually checks issues at least once a week, if this is a new urgent bug,
+            [revert to an older tagged container image](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/docker-image-tags.md)

.golangci.yml

@@ -1,58 +1,94 @@
-linters-settings:
+version: "2"
-  misspell:
+
-    locale: US
+formatters:
+  enable:
+    - gci
+    - gofumpt
+    - goimports
+  exclusions:
+    generated: lax
+    paths:
+      - third_party$
+      - builtin$
+      - examples$
 
-issues:
-  exclude-rules:
-    - path: _test\.go
-      linters:
-        - dupl
-        - maligned
-        - goerr113
-    - path: internal/server/
-      linters:
-        - dupl
-    - path: internal/configuration/
-      linters:
-        - dupl
-    - path: internal/constants/
-      linters:
-        - dupl
-    - text: "exported: exported var Err*"
-      linters:
-        - revive
-    - text: "mnd: Magic number: 0644*"
-      linters:
-        - gomnd
-    - text: "mnd: Magic number: 0400*"
-      linters:
-        - gomnd
-    - text: "variable 'mssFix' is only used in the if-statement*"
-      path: "openvpnconf.go"
-      linters:
-        - ifshort
-    - text: "variable 'auth' is only used in the if-statement*"
-      path: "openvpnconf.go"
-      linters:
-        - ifshort
 linters:
+  settings:
+    misspell:
+      locale: US
+    goconst:
+      ignore-string-values:
+        # commonly used settings strings
+        - "^disabled$"
+        # Firewall and routing strings
+        - "^(ACCEPT|DROP)$"
+        - "^--delete$"
+        - "^all$"
+        - "^(tcp|udp)$"
+        # Server route strings
+        - "^/status$"
+
+  exclusions:
+    generated: lax
+    presets:
+      - comments
+      - common-false-positives
+      - legacy
+      - std-error-handling
+    rules:
+      - linters:
+          - containedctx
+          - dupl
+          - err113
+          - maintidx
+        path: _test\.go
+      - linters:
+          - dupl
+        path: internal\/server\/.+\.go
+      - linters:
+          - ireturn
+        text: returns interface \(github\.com\/vishvananda\/netlink\.Link\)
+      - linters:
+          - ireturn
+        path: internal\/openvpn\/pkcs8\/descbc\.go
+        text: newCipherDESCBCBlock returns interface \(github\.com\/youmark\/pkcs8\.Cipher\)
+      - linters:
+          - revive
+        path: internal\/provider\/(common|utils)\/.+\.go
+        text: "var-naming: avoid (bad|meaningless) package names"
+      - linters:
+          - lll
+        source: "^// https://.+$"
+      - linters:
+          - err113
+          - mnd
+        path: ci\/.+\.go
+
+    paths:
+      - third_party$
+      - builtin$
+      - examples$
   enable:
     # - cyclop
     # - errorlint
-    # - ireturn
+    - asasalint
-    # - varnamelen
-    # - wrapcheck
     - asciicheck
     - bidichk
     - bodyclose
+    - containedctx
+    - copyloopvar
+    - decorder
     - dogsled
     - dupl
+    - dupword
     - durationcheck
+    - err113
+    - errchkjson
     - errname
     - exhaustive
-    - exportloopref
+    - fatcontext
     - forcetypeassert
-    - gci
+    - gocheckcompilerdirectives
     - gochecknoglobals
     - gochecknoinits
     - gocognit
@@ -60,41 +96,44 @@ linters:
     - gocritic
     - gocyclo
     - godot
-    - goerr113
     - goheader
-    - goimports
-    - gomnd
     - gomoddirectives
     - goprintffuncname
     - gosec
-    - ifshort
+    - gosmopolitan
+    - grouper
     - importas
+    - interfacebloat
+    - intrange
+    - ireturn
     - lll
+    - maintidx
     - makezero
+    - mirror
     - misspell
+    - mnd
+    - musttag
     - nakedret
     - nestif
     - nilerr
     - nilnil
     - noctx
     - nolintlint
+    - nosprintfhostport
+    - paralleltest
     - prealloc
     - predeclared
-    - predeclared
     - promlinter
+    - reassign
     - revive
     - rowserrcheck
     - sqlclosecheck
-    - tenv
+    - tagalign
     - thelper
     - tparallel
     - unconvert
     - unparam
+    - usestdlibvars
     - wastedassign
     - whitespace
-
+    - zerologlint
-run:
-  skip-dirs:
-    - .devcontainer
-    - .github
-    - doc

.markdownlint-cli2.jsonc

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "config": {
+    "default": true,
+    "MD013": false,
+  },
+  "ignores": [
+    ".github/pull_request_template.md"
+  ]
+}

.vscode/extensions.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  // This list should be kept to the strict minimum
+  // to develop this project.
+  "recommendations": [
+    "golang.go",
+    "davidanson.vscode-markdownlint",
+  ],
+}

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+{
+  // The settings should be kept to the strict minimum
+  // to develop this project.
+  "files.eol": "\n",
+  "editor.formatOnSave": true,
+  "go.buildTags": "linux",
+  "go.toolsEnvVars": {
+    "CGO_ENABLED": "0"
+  },
+  "go.testEnvVars": {
+    "CGO_ENABLED": "1"
+  },
+  "go.testFlags": [
+    "-v",
+    "-race"
+  ],
+  "go.testTimeout": "10s",
+  "go.coverOnSingleTest": true,
+  "go.coverOnSingleTestFile": true,
+  "go.coverOnTestPackage": true,
+  "go.useLanguageServer": true,
+  "[go]": {
+    "editor.codeActionsOnSave": {
+      "source.organizeImports": "explicit"
+    }
+  },
+  "go.lintTool": "golangci-lint",
+  "go.lintOnSave": "package"
+}

.vscode/tasks.json

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+{
+    "version": "2.0.0",
+    "tasks": [
+        {
+            "label": "Update a VPN provider servers data",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "go",
+            "args": [
+                "run",
+                "./cmd/gluetun/main.go",
+                "update",
+                "${input:updateMode}",
+                "-providers",
+                "${input:provider}"
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Add a Gluetun Github Git remote",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "git",
+            "args": [
+                "remote",
+                "add",
+                "${input:githubRemoteUsername}",
+                "git@github.com:${input:githubRemoteUsername}/gluetun.git"
+            ],
+        }
+    ],
+    "inputs": [
+        {
+            "id": "provider",
+            "type": "promptString",
+            "description": "Please enter a provider (or comma separated list of providers)",
+        },
+        {
+            "id": "updateMode",
+            "type": "pickString",
+            "description": "Update mode to use",
+            "options": [
+                "-maintainer",
+                "-enduser"
+            ],
+            "default": "-maintainer"
+        },
+        {
+            "id": "githubRemoteUsername",
+            "type": "promptString",
+            "description": "Please enter a Github username",
+        },
+    ]
+}

Dockerfile

@@ -1,18 +1,22 @@
-ARG ALPINE_VERSION=3.15
+ARG ALPINE_VERSION=3.22
-ARG GO_ALPINE_VERSION=3.15
+ARG GO_ALPINE_VERSION=3.22
-ARG GO_VERSION=1.17
+ARG GO_VERSION=1.25
-ARG XCPUTRANSLATE_VERSION=v0.6.0
+ARG XCPUTRANSLATE_VERSION=v0.9.0
-ARG GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION=v1.43.0
+ARG GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION=v2.4.0
+ARG MOCKGEN_VERSION=v1.6.0
 ARG BUILDPLATFORM=linux/amd64
 
-FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} qmcgaw/xcputranslate:${XCPUTRANSLATE_VERSION} AS xcputranslate
+FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} ghcr.io/qdm12/xcputranslate:${XCPUTRANSLATE_VERSION} AS xcputranslate
-FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} qmcgaw/binpot:golangci-lint-${GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION} AS golangci-lint
+FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} ghcr.io/qdm12/binpot:golangci-lint-${GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION} AS golangci-lint
+FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} ghcr.io/qdm12/binpot:mockgen-${MOCKGEN_VERSION} AS mockgen
 
 FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} golang:${GO_VERSION}-alpine${GO_ALPINE_VERSION} AS base
 COPY --from=xcputranslate /xcputranslate /usr/local/bin/xcputranslate
-RUN apk --update add git g++
+# Note: findutils needed to have xargs support `-d` flag for mocks stage.
+RUN apk --update add git g++ findutils
 ENV CGO_ENABLED=0
 COPY --from=golangci-lint /bin /go/bin/golangci-lint
+COPY --from=mockgen /bin /go/bin/mockgen
 WORKDIR /tmp/gobuild
 COPY go.mod go.sum ./
 RUN go mod download
@@ -28,16 +32,19 @@ ENTRYPOINT go test -race -coverpkg=./... -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=a
 
 FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} base AS lint
 COPY .golangci.yml ./
-RUN golangci-lint run --timeout=10m
+RUN golangci-lint run
 
-FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} base AS tidy
+FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} base AS mocks
 RUN git init && \
     git config user.email ci@localhost && \
     git config user.name ci && \
-    git add -A && git commit -m ci && \
+    git config core.fileMode false && \
-    sed -i '/\/\/ indirect/d' go.mod && \
+    git add -A && \
-    go mod tidy && \
+    git commit -m "snapshot" && \
-    git diff --exit-code -- go.mod
+    grep -lr -E '^// Code generated by MockGen\. DO NOT EDIT\.$' . | xargs -r -d '\n' rm && \
+    go generate -run "mockgen" ./... && \
+    git diff --exit-code && \
+    rm -rf .git/
 
 FROM --platform=${BUILDPLATFORM} base AS build
 ARG TARGETPLATFORM
@@ -66,58 +73,88 @@ LABEL \
     org.opencontainers.image.source="https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun" \
     org.opencontainers.image.title="VPN swiss-knife like client for multiple VPN providers" \
     org.opencontainers.image.description="VPN swiss-knife like client to tunnel to multiple VPN servers using OpenVPN, IPtables, DNS over TLS, Shadowsocks, an HTTP proxy and Alpine Linux"
-ENV VPNSP=pia \
+ENV VPN_SERVICE_PROVIDER=pia \
     VPN_TYPE=openvpn \
+    # Common VPN options
+    VPN_INTERFACE=tun0 \
     # OpenVPN
+    OPENVPN_ENDPOINT_IP= \
+    OPENVPN_ENDPOINT_PORT= \
     OPENVPN_PROTOCOL=udp \
     OPENVPN_USER= \
     OPENVPN_PASSWORD= \
     OPENVPN_USER_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/openvpn_user \
     OPENVPN_PASSWORD_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/openvpn_password \
-    OPENVPN_VERSION=2.5 \
+    OPENVPN_VERSION=2.6 \
     OPENVPN_VERBOSITY=1 \
     OPENVPN_FLAGS= \
-    OPENVPN_CIPHER= \
+    OPENVPN_CIPHERS= \
     OPENVPN_AUTH= \
-    OPENVPN_ROOT=yes \
+    OPENVPN_PROCESS_USER=root \
-    OPENVPN_TARGET_IP= \
+    OPENVPN_MSSFIX= \
-    OPENVPN_IPV6=off \
     OPENVPN_CUSTOM_CONFIG= \
-    OPENVPN_INTERFACE=tun0 \
-    OPENVPN_PORT= \
     # Wireguard
-    WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY= \
-    WIREGUARD_PRESHARED_KEY= \
-    WIREGUARD_PUBLIC_KEY= \
-    WIREGUARD_ADDRESS= \
     WIREGUARD_ENDPOINT_IP= \
     WIREGUARD_ENDPOINT_PORT= \
-    WIREGUARD_INTERFACE=wg0 \
+    WIREGUARD_CONF_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/wg0.conf \
+    WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY= \
+    WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/wireguard_private_key \
+    WIREGUARD_PRESHARED_KEY= \
+    WIREGUARD_PRESHARED_KEY_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/wireguard_preshared_key \
+    WIREGUARD_PUBLIC_KEY= \
+    WIREGUARD_ALLOWED_IPS= \
+    WIREGUARD_PERSISTENT_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL=0 \
+    WIREGUARD_ADDRESSES= \
+    WIREGUARD_ADDRESSES_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/wireguard_addresses \
+    WIREGUARD_MTU=1320 \
+    WIREGUARD_IMPLEMENTATION=auto \
     # VPN server filtering
-    REGION= \
+    SERVER_REGIONS= \
-    COUNTRY= \
+    SERVER_COUNTRIES= \
-    CITY= \
+    SERVER_CITIES= \
-    SERVER_HOSTNAME= \
+    SERVER_HOSTNAMES= \
+    SERVER_CATEGORIES= \
     # # Mullvad only:
     ISP= \
-    OWNED=no \
+    OWNED_ONLY=no \
     # # Private Internet Access only:
-    PIA_ENCRYPTION= \
+    PRIVATE_INTERNET_ACCESS_OPENVPN_ENCRYPTION_PRESET= \
-    PORT_FORWARDING=off \
+    VPN_PORT_FORWARDING=off \
-    PORT_FORWARDING_STATUS_FILE="/tmp/gluetun/forwarded_port" \
+    VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_LISTENING_PORT=0 \
+    VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_PROVIDER= \
+    VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_STATUS_FILE="/tmp/gluetun/forwarded_port" \
+    VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_USERNAME= \
+    VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_PASSWORD= \
+    VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_UP_COMMAND= \
+    VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_DOWN_COMMAND= \
     # # Cyberghost only:
+    OPENVPN_CERT= \
+    OPENVPN_KEY= \
     OPENVPN_CLIENTCRT_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/openvpn_clientcrt \
     OPENVPN_CLIENTKEY_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/openvpn_clientkey \
+    # # VPNSecure only:
+    OPENVPN_ENCRYPTED_KEY= \
+    OPENVPN_ENCRYPTED_KEY_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/openvpn_encrypted_key \
+    OPENVPN_KEY_PASSPHRASE= \
+    OPENVPN_KEY_PASSPHRASE_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/openvpn_key_passphrase \
     # # Nordvpn only:
     SERVER_NUMBER= \
-    # # PIA and ProtonVPN only:
+    # # PIA only:
-    SERVER_NAME= \
+    SERVER_NAMES= \
-    # # ProtonVPN only:
+    # # VPNUnlimited and ProtonVPN only:
+    STREAM_ONLY= \
     FREE_ONLY= \
+    # # ProtonVPN only:
+    SECURE_CORE_ONLY= \
+    TOR_ONLY= \
     # # Surfshark only:
     MULTIHOP_ONLY= \
+    # # VPN Secure only:
+    PREMIUM_ONLY= \
+    # # PIA and ProtonVPN only:
+    PORT_FORWARD_ONLY= \
     # Firewall
-    FIREWALL=on \
+    FIREWALL_ENABLED_DISABLING_IT_SHOOTS_YOU_IN_YOUR_FOOT=on \
     FIREWALL_VPN_INPUT_PORTS= \
     FIREWALL_INPUT_PORTS= \
     FIREWALL_OUTBOUND_SUBNETS= \
@@ -126,29 +163,30 @@ ENV VPNSP=pia \
     LOG_LEVEL=info \
     # Health
     HEALTH_SERVER_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1:9999 \
-    HEALTH_ADDRESS_TO_PING=github.com \
+    HEALTH_TARGET_ADDRESS=cloudflare.com:443 \
-    HEALTH_VPN_DURATION_INITIAL=6s \
+    HEALTH_ICMP_TARGET_IP=1.1.1.1 \
-    HEALTH_VPN_DURATION_ADDITION=5s \
+    HEALTH_RESTART_VPN=on \
-    # DNS over TLS
+    # DNS
-    DOT=on \
+    DNS_SERVER=on \
-    DOT_PROVIDERS=cloudflare \
+    DNS_UPSTREAM_RESOLVER_TYPE=DoT \
-    DOT_PRIVATE_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1/8,10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16,169.254.0.0/16,::1/128,fc00::/7,fe80::/10,::ffff:7f00:1/104,::ffff:a00:0/104,::ffff:a9fe:0/112,::ffff:ac10:0/108,::ffff:c0a8:0/112 \
+    DNS_UPSTREAM_RESOLVERS=cloudflare \
-    DOT_VERBOSITY=1 \
+    DNS_BLOCK_IPS= \
-    DOT_VERBOSITY_DETAILS=0 \
+    DNS_BLOCK_IP_PREFIXES= \
-    DOT_VALIDATION_LOGLEVEL=0 \
+    DNS_CACHING=on \
-    DOT_CACHING=on \
+    DNS_UPSTREAM_IPV6=off \
-    DOT_IPV6=off \
     BLOCK_MALICIOUS=on \
     BLOCK_SURVEILLANCE=off \
     BLOCK_ADS=off \
-    UNBLOCK= \
+    DNS_UNBLOCK_HOSTNAMES= \
+    DNS_REBINDING_PROTECTION_EXEMPT_HOSTNAMES= \
     DNS_UPDATE_PERIOD=24h \
-    DNS_PLAINTEXT_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 \
+    DNS_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 \
     DNS_KEEP_NAMESERVER=off \
     # HTTP proxy
     HTTPPROXY= \
     HTTPPROXY_LOG=off \
     HTTPPROXY_LISTENING_ADDRESS=":8888" \
+    HTTPPROXY_STEALTH=off \
     HTTPPROXY_USER= \
     HTTPPROXY_PASSWORD= \
     HTTPPROXY_USER_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/httpproxy_user \
@@ -160,30 +198,45 @@ ENV VPNSP=pia \
     SHADOWSOCKS_PASSWORD= \
     SHADOWSOCKS_PASSWORD_SECRETFILE=/run/secrets/shadowsocks_password \
     SHADOWSOCKS_CIPHER=chacha20-ietf-poly1305 \
+    # Control server
+    HTTP_CONTROL_SERVER_LOG=on \
+    HTTP_CONTROL_SERVER_ADDRESS=":8000" \
+    HTTP_CONTROL_SERVER_AUTH_CONFIG_FILEPATH=/gluetun/auth/config.toml \
+    HTTP_CONTROL_SERVER_AUTH_DEFAULT_ROLE="{}" \
     # Server data updater
     UPDATER_PERIOD=0 \
+    UPDATER_MIN_RATIO=0.8 \
+    UPDATER_VPN_SERVICE_PROVIDERS= \
+    UPDATER_PROTONVPN_USERNAME= \
+    UPDATER_PROTONVPN_PASSWORD= \
     # Public IP
     PUBLICIP_FILE="/tmp/gluetun/ip" \
-    PUBLICIP_PERIOD=12h \
+    PUBLICIP_ENABLED=on \
+    PUBLICIP_API=ipinfo,ifconfigco,ip2location,cloudflare \
+    PUBLICIP_API_TOKEN= \
+    # Storage
+    STORAGE_FILEPATH=/gluetun/servers.json \
+    # Pprof
+    PPROF_ENABLED=no \
+    PPROF_BLOCK_PROFILE_RATE=0 \
+    PPROF_MUTEX_PROFILE_RATE=0 \
+    PPROF_HTTP_SERVER_ADDRESS=":6060" \
     # Extras
     VERSION_INFORMATION=on \
     TZ= \
-    PUID= \
+    PUID=1000 \
-    PGID=
+    PGID=1000
 ENTRYPOINT ["/gluetun-entrypoint"]
 EXPOSE 8000/tcp 8888/tcp 8388/tcp 8388/udp
-HEALTHCHECK --interval=5s --timeout=5s --start-period=10s --retries=1 CMD /gluetun-entrypoint healthcheck
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=5s --timeout=5s --start-period=10s --retries=3 CMD /gluetun-entrypoint healthcheck
 ARG TARGETPLATFORM
-RUN apk add --no-cache --update -l apk-tools && \
+RUN apk add --no-cache --update -l wget && \
-    apk add --no-cache --update -X "https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.12/main" openvpn==2.4.11-r0 && \
+    apk add --no-cache --update -X "https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/main" openvpn\~2.5 && \
-    mv /usr/sbin/openvpn /usr/sbin/openvpn2.4 && \
-    apk del openvpn && \
-    apk add --no-cache --update openvpn ca-certificates iptables ip6tables unbound tzdata && \
     mv /usr/sbin/openvpn /usr/sbin/openvpn2.5 && \
-    # Fix vulnerability issue
+    apk del openvpn && \
-    apk add --no-cache --update busybox && \
+    apk add --no-cache --update openvpn ca-certificates iptables iptables-legacy tzdata && \
-    rm -rf /var/cache/apk/* /etc/unbound/* /usr/sbin/unbound-* /etc/openvpn/*.sh /usr/lib/openvpn/plugins/openvpn-plugin-down-root.so && \
+    mv /usr/sbin/openvpn /usr/sbin/openvpn2.6 && \
+    rm -rf /var/cache/apk/* /etc/openvpn/*.sh /usr/lib/openvpn/plugins/openvpn-plugin-down-root.so && \
     deluser openvpn && \
-    deluser unbound && \
     mkdir /gluetun
 COPY --from=build /tmp/gobuild/entrypoint /gluetun-entrypoint

README.md

@@ -1,127 +1,128 @@
-# Gluetun VPN client
+# Gluetun VPN client
-
+
-*Lightweight swiss-knife-like VPN client to tunnel to Cyberghost, ExpressVPN, FastestVPN,
+Lightweight swiss-army-knife-like VPN client to multiple VPN service providers
-HideMyAss, IPVanish, IVPN, Mullvad, NordVPN, Perfect Privacy, Privado, Private Internet Access, PrivateVPN,
+
-ProtonVPN, PureVPN, Surfshark, TorGuard, VPNUnlimited, VyprVPN, WeVPN and Windscribe VPN servers
+![Title image](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/qdm12/gluetun/master/title.svg)
-using Go, OpenVPN or Wireguard, iptables, DNS over TLS, ShadowSocks and an HTTP proxy*
+
-
+[![Build status](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
-**ANNOUNCEMENT**: Large settings refactor merged on 2022-06-01, please file issues if you find any problem!
+
-
+[![Docker pulls qmcgaw/gluetun](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/qmcgaw/gluetun.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun)
-![Title image](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/qdm12/gluetun/master/title.svg)
+[![Docker pulls qmcgaw/private-internet-access](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/qmcgaw/private-internet-access.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun)
-
+
-[![Build status](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
+[![Docker stars qmcgaw/gluetun](https://img.shields.io/docker/stars/qmcgaw/gluetun.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun)
-
+[![Docker stars qmcgaw/private-internet-access](https://img.shields.io/docker/stars/qmcgaw/private-internet-access.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun)
-[![Docker pulls qmcgaw/gluetun](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/qmcgaw/gluetun.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun)
+
-[![Docker pulls qmcgaw/private-internet-access](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/qmcgaw/private-internet-access.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun)
+![Last release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/qdm12/gluetun?label=Last%20release)
-
+![Last Docker tag](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/qmcgaw/gluetun?sort=semver&label=Last%20Docker%20tag)
-[![Docker stars qmcgaw/gluetun](https://img.shields.io/docker/stars/qmcgaw/gluetun.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun)
+[![Last release size](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/qmcgaw/gluetun?sort=semver&label=Last%20released%20image)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated)
-[![Docker stars qmcgaw/private-internet-access](https://img.shields.io/docker/stars/qmcgaw/private-internet-access.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun)
+![GitHub last release date](https://img.shields.io/github/release-date/qdm12/gluetun?label=Last%20release%20date)
-
+![Commits since release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/qdm12/gluetun/latest?sort=semver)
-![Last release](https://img.shields.io/github/release/qdm12/gluetun?label=Last%20release)
+
-![Last Docker tag](https://img.shields.io/docker/v/qmcgaw/gluetun?sort=semver&label=Last%20Docker%20tag)
+[![Latest size](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/qmcgaw/gluetun/latest?label=Latest%20image)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun/tags)
-[![Last release size](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/qmcgaw/gluetun?sort=semver&label=Last%20released%20image)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun/tags?page=1&ordering=last_updated)
+
-![GitHub last release date](https://img.shields.io/github/release-date/qdm12/gluetun?label=Last%20release%20date)
+[![GitHub last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/commits/master)
-![Commits since release](https://img.shields.io/github/commits-since/qdm12/gluetun/latest?sort=semver)
+[![GitHub commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/graphs/contributors)
-
+[![GitHub closed PRs](https://img.shields.io/github/issues-pr-closed/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/pulls?q=is%3Apr+is%3Aclosed)
-[![Latest size](https://img.shields.io/docker/image-size/qmcgaw/gluetun/latest?label=Latest%20image)](https://hub.docker.com/r/qmcgaw/gluetun/tags)
+[![GitHub issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues)
-
+[![GitHub closed issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues-closed/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aclosed)
-[![GitHub last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/commits/master)
+
-[![GitHub commit activity](https://img.shields.io/github/commit-activity/y/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/graphs/contributors)
+![Code size](https://img.shields.io/github/languages/code-size/qdm12/gluetun)
-[![GitHub closed PRs](https://img.shields.io/github/issues-pr-closed/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/pulls?q=is%3Apr+is%3Aclosed)
+![GitHub repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/qdm12/gluetun)
-[![GitHub issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues)
+![Go version](https://img.shields.io/github/go-mod/go-version/qdm12/gluetun)
-[![GitHub closed issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues-closed/qdm12/gluetun.svg)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aclosed)
+
-
+![Visitors count](https://visitor-badge.laobi.icu/badge?page_id=gluetun.readme)
-[![Lines of code](https://img.shields.io/tokei/lines/github/qdm12/gluetun)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun)
+
-![Code size](https://img.shields.io/github/languages/code-size/qdm12/gluetun)
+## Quick links
-![GitHub repo size](https://img.shields.io/github/repo-size/qdm12/gluetun)
+
-![Go version](https://img.shields.io/github/go-mod/go-version/qdm12/gluetun)
+- [Setup](#setup)
-
+- [Features](#features)
-![Visitors count](https://visitor-badge.laobi.icu/badge?page_id=gluetun.readme)
+- Problem?
-
+  - Check the Wiki [common errors](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/tree/main/errors) and [faq](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/tree/main/faq)
-## Quick links
+  - [Start a discussion](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/discussions)
-
+  - [Fix the Unraid template](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/discussions/550)
-- [Setup](#Setup)
+- Suggestion?
-- [Features](#Features)
+  - [Create an issue](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues)
-- Problem?
+- Happy?
-  - [Check the Wiki](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki)
+  - Sponsor me on [github.com/sponsors/qdm12](https://github.com/sponsors/qdm12)
-  - [Start a discussion](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/discussions)
+  - Donate to [paypal.me/qmcgaw](https://www.paypal.me/qmcgaw)
-  - [Fix the Unraid template](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/discussions/550)
+  - Drop me [an email](mailto:quentin.mcgaw@gmail.com)
-- Suggestion?
+- **Want to add a VPN provider?** check [the development page](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/contributing/development.md) and [add a provider page](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/contributing/add-a-provider.md)
-  - [Create an issue](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues)
+- Video:
-  - [Join the Slack channel](https://join.slack.com/t/qdm12/shared_invite/enQtOTE0NjcxNTM1ODc5LTYyZmVlOTM3MGI4ZWU0YmJkMjUxNmQ4ODQ2OTAwYzMxMTlhY2Q1MWQyOWUyNjc2ODliNjFjMDUxNWNmNzk5MDk)
+
-- Happy?
+  [![Video Gif](https://i.imgur.com/CetWunc.gif)](https://youtu.be/0F6I03LQcI4)
-  - Sponsor me on [github.com/sponsors/qdm12](https://github.com/sponsors/qdm12)
+
-  - Donate to [paypal.me/qmcgaw](https://www.paypal.me/qmcgaw)
+- [Substack Console interview](https://console.substack.com/p/console-72)
-  - Drop me [an email](mailto:quentin.mcgaw@gmail.com)
+
-- Video:
+## Features
-
+
-  [![Video Gif](https://i.imgur.com/CetWunc.gif)](https://youtu.be/0F6I03LQcI4)
+- Based on Alpine 3.22 for a small Docker image of 41.1MB
-
+- Supports: **AirVPN**, **Cyberghost**, **ExpressVPN**, **FastestVPN**, **Giganews**, **HideMyAss**, **IPVanish**, **IVPN**, **Mullvad**, **NordVPN**, **Perfect Privacy**, **Privado**, **Private Internet Access**, **PrivateVPN**, **ProtonVPN**, **PureVPN**,  **SlickVPN**, **Surfshark**, **TorGuard**, **VPNSecure.me**, **VPNUnlimited**, **Vyprvpn**, **WeVPN**, **Windscribe** servers
-- [Substack Console interview](https://console.substack.com/p/console-72)
+- Supports OpenVPN for all providers listed
-
+- Supports Wireguard both kernelspace and userspace
-## Features
+  - For **AirVPN**, **FastestVPN**, **Ivpn**, **Mullvad**, **NordVPN**, **Perfect privacy**, **ProtonVPN**, **Surfshark** and **Windscribe**
-
+  - For **Cyberghost**, **Private Internet Access**, **PrivateVPN**, **PureVPN**, **Torguard**, **VPN Unlimited**, **VyprVPN** and **WeVPN** using [the custom provider](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/providers/custom.md)
-- Based on Alpine 3.15 for a small Docker image of 29MB
+  - For custom Wireguard configurations using [the custom provider](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/providers/custom.md)
-- Supports: **Cyberghost**, **ExpressVPN**, **FastestVPN**, **HideMyAss**, **IPVanish**, **IVPN**, **Mullvad**, **NordVPN**, **Perfect Privacy**, **Privado**, **Private Internet Access**, **PrivateVPN**, **ProtonVPN**, **PureVPN**,  **Surfshark**, **TorGuard**, **VPNUnlimited**, **Vyprvpn**, **WeVPN**, **Windscribe** servers
+  - More in progress, see [#134](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues/134)
-- Supports OpenVPN for all providers listed
+- DNS over TLS baked in with service provider(s) of your choice
-- Supports Wireguard both kernelspace and userspace
+- DNS fine blocking of malicious/ads/surveillance hostnames and IP addresses, with live update every 24 hours
-  - For **Mullvad**, **Ivpn** and **Windscribe**
+- Choose the vpn network protocol, `udp` or `tcp`
-  - For **Torguard**, **VPN Unlimited** and **WeVPN** using [the custom provider](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Custom-provider)
+- Built in firewall kill switch to allow traffic only with needed the VPN servers and LAN devices
-  - For custom Wireguard configurations using [the custom provider](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Custom-provider)
+- Built in Shadowsocks proxy server (protocol based on SOCKS5 with an encryption layer, tunnels TCP+UDP)
-  - More in progress, see [#134](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues/134)
+- Built in HTTP proxy (tunnels HTTP and HTTPS through TCP)
-- DNS over TLS baked in with service provider(s) of your choice
+- [Connect other containers to it](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/connect-a-container-to-gluetun.md)
-- DNS fine blocking of malicious/ads/surveillance hostnames and IP addresses, with live update every 24 hours
+- [Connect LAN devices to it](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/connect-a-lan-device-to-gluetun.md)
-- Choose the vpn network protocol, `udp` or `tcp`
+- Compatible with amd64, i686 (32 bit), **ARM** 64 bit, ARM 32 bit v6 and v7, and even ppc64le 🎆
-- Built in firewall kill switch to allow traffic only with needed the VPN servers and LAN devices
+- Custom VPN server side port forwarding for [Perfect Privacy](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/providers/perfect-privacy.md#vpn-server-port-forwarding), [Private Internet Access](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/providers/private-internet-access.md#vpn-server-port-forwarding), [PrivateVPN](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/providers/privatevpn.md#vpn-server-port-forwarding) and [ProtonVPN](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/providers/protonvpn.md#vpn-server-port-forwarding)
-- Built in Shadowsocks proxy (protocol based on SOCKS5 with an encryption layer, tunnels TCP+UDP)
+- Possibility of split horizon DNS by selecting multiple DNS over TLS providers
-- Built in HTTP proxy (tunnels HTTP and HTTPS through TCP)
+- Can work as a Kubernetes sidecar container, thanks @rorph
-- [Connect other containers to it](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Connect-a-container-to-gluetun)
+
-- [Connect LAN devices to it](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Connect-a-LAN-device-to-gluetun)
+## Setup
-- Compatible with amd64, i686 (32 bit), **ARM** 64 bit, ARM 32 bit v6 and v7, and even ppc64le 🎆
+
-- [Custom VPN server side port forwarding for Private Internet Access](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Private-internet-access#vpn-server-port-forwarding)
+🎉 There are now instructions specific to each VPN provider with examples to help you get started as quickly as possible!
-- Possibility of split horizon DNS by selecting multiple DNS over TLS providers
+
-- Unbound subprogram drops root privileges once launched
+Go to the [Wiki](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki)!
-- Can work as a Kubernetes sidecar container, thanks @rorph
+
-
+[🐛 Found a bug in the Wiki?!](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/issues/new/choose)
-## Setup
+
-
+Here's a docker-compose.yml for the laziest:
-🎉 There are now instructions specific to each VPN provider with examples to help you get started as quickly as possible!
+
-
+```yml
-Go to the [Wiki](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki)!
+---
-
+services:
-[🐛 Found a bug in the Wiki?!](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues/new?assignees=&labels=%F0%9F%93%84+Wiki+issue&template=wiki+issue.yml&title=Wiki+issue%3A+)
+  gluetun:
-
+    image: qmcgaw/gluetun
-Here's a docker-compose.yml for the laziest:
+    # container_name: gluetun
-
+    # line above must be uncommented to allow external containers to connect.
-```yml
+    # See https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/connect-a-container-to-gluetun.md#external-container-to-gluetun
-version: "3"
+    cap_add:
-services:
+      - NET_ADMIN
-  gluetun:
+    devices:
-    image: qmcgaw/gluetun
+      - /dev/net/tun:/dev/net/tun
-    # container_name: gluetun
+    ports:
-    # line above must be uncommented to allow external containers to connect. See https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki/Connect-a-container-to-gluetun#external-container-to-gluetun
+      - 8888:8888/tcp # HTTP proxy
-    cap_add:
+      - 8388:8388/tcp # Shadowsocks
-      - NET_ADMIN
+      - 8388:8388/udp # Shadowsocks
-    ports:
+    volumes:
-      - 8888:8888/tcp # HTTP proxy
+      - /yourpath:/gluetun
-      - 8388:8388/tcp # Shadowsocks
+    environment:
-      - 8388:8388/udp # Shadowsocks
+      # See https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/tree/main/setup#setup
-    volumes:
+      - VPN_SERVICE_PROVIDER=ivpn
-      - /yourpath:/gluetun
+      - VPN_TYPE=openvpn
-    environment:
+      # OpenVPN:
-      # See https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/wiki
+      - OPENVPN_USER=
-      - VPNSP=ivpn
+      - OPENVPN_PASSWORD=
-      - VPN_TYPE=openvpn
+      # Wireguard:
-      # OpenVPN:
+      # - WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY=wOEI9rqqbDwnN8/Bpp22sVz48T71vJ4fYmFWujulwUU=
-      - OPENVPN_USER=
+      # - WIREGUARD_ADDRESSES=10.64.222.21/32
-      - OPENVPN_PASSWORD=
+      # Timezone for accurate log times
-      # Wireguard:
+      - TZ=
-      # - WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY=wOEI9rqqbDwnN8/Bpp22sVz48T71vJ4fYmFWujulwUU=
+      # Server list updater
-      # - WIREGUARD_ADDRESS=10.64.222.21/32
+      # See https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/setup/servers.md#update-the-vpn-servers-list
-      # Timezone for accurate log times
+      - UPDATER_PERIOD=
-      - TZ=
+```
-```
+
-
+🆕 Image also available as `ghcr.io/qdm12/gluetun`
-## License
+
-
+## License
-[![MIT](https://img.shields.io/github/license/qdm12/gluetun)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/master/LICENSE)
+
+[![MIT](https://img.shields.io/github/license/qdm12/gluetun)](https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/blob/master/LICENSE)

ci/cmd/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/ci/internal"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	if len(os.Args) < 2 {
+		fmt.Println("Usage: " + os.Args[0] + " <command>")
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+
+	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt)
+
+	var err error
+	switch os.Args[1] {
+	case "mullvad":
+		err = internal.MullvadTest(ctx)
+	default:
+		err = fmt.Errorf("unknown command: %s", os.Args[1])
+	}
+	stop()
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("❌", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("✅ Test completed successfully.")
+}

ci/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+module github.com/qdm12/gluetun/ci
+
+go 1.25.0
+
+require (
+	github.com/docker/docker v28.5.1+incompatible
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.1
+)
+
+require (
+	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/errdefs v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/errdefs/pkg v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/docker-image-spec v1.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/atomicwriter v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/term v0.5.2 // indirect
+	github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.63.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.38.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.38.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.38.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.38.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.14.0 // indirect
+	gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.2 // indirect
+)

ci/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20250102033503-faa5f7b0171c h1:udKWzYgxTojEKWjV8V+WSxDXJ4NFATAsZjh8iIbsQIg=
+github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20250102033503-faa5f7b0171c/go.mod h1:xomTg63KZ2rFqZQzSB4Vz2SUXa1BpHTVz9L5PTmPC4E=
+github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 h1:F2VQgta7ecxGYO8k3ZZz3RS8fVIXVxONVUPlNERoyfY=
+github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2/go.mod h1:yd8OoFMLzJbo9gZq8j5qaps8bJ9aShtEA8Ipt1oGCvU=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.3 h1:ZN+IMa753KfX5hd8vVaMixjnqRZ3y8CuJKRKj1xcsSM=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.3/go.mod h1:rkhZdG3JZukswDf7f0cwqPNk4K0sa+F97BxZthm/crw=
+github.com/containerd/errdefs v1.0.0 h1:tg5yIfIlQIrxYtu9ajqY42W3lpS19XqdxRQeEwYG8PI=
+github.com/containerd/errdefs v1.0.0/go.mod h1:+YBYIdtsnF4Iw6nWZhJcqGSg/dwvV7tyJ/kCkyJ2k+M=
+github.com/containerd/errdefs/pkg v0.3.0 h1:9IKJ06FvyNlexW690DXuQNx2KA2cUJXx151Xdx3ZPPE=
+github.com/containerd/errdefs/pkg v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NJw6s9HwNuRhnjJhM7pylWwMyAkmCQvQ4GpJHEqRLVk=
+github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 h1:TCJt7ioM2cr/tfR8GPbGf9/VRAX8D2B4PjzCpfX540I=
+github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0/go.mod h1:VRRf09a7mHDIRezVKTRCrOq78v577GXq3bSa3EhrzVo=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0 h1:0IXCQ5g4/QMHHkarYzh5l+u8T3t73zM5QvfrDyIgxBk=
+github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0/go.mod h1:BbU0aIcezP1/5jX/8MP0YiH4SdvB5Y4f/wlDRiLyi3E=
+github.com/docker/docker v28.5.1+incompatible h1:Bm8DchhSD2J6PsFzxC35TZo4TLGR2PdW/E69rU45NhM=
+github.com/docker/docker v28.5.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:eEKB0N0r5NX/I1kEveEz05bcu8tLC/8azJZsviup8Sk=
+github.com/docker/go-connections v0.6.0 h1:LlMG9azAe1TqfR7sO+NJttz1gy6KO7VJBh+pMmjSD94=
+github.com/docker/go-connections v0.6.0/go.mod h1:AahvXYshr6JgfUJGdDCs2b5EZG/vmaMAntpSFH5BFKE=
+github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 h1:69rxXcBk27SvSaaxTtLh/8llcHD8vYHT7WSdRZ/jvr4=
+github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0/go.mod h1:fgPhTUdO+D/Jk86RDLlptpiXQzgHJF7gydDDbaIK4Dk=
+github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 h1:NFTV2Zj1bL4mc9sqWACXbQFVBBg2W3GPvqp8/ESS2Wg=
+github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4/go.mod h1:m8KPJKqk1gH5J9DgRY2ASl2lWCfGKXixSwevea8zH2U=
+github.com/go-logr/logr v1.2.2/go.mod h1:jdQByPbusPIv2/zmleS9BjJVeZ6kBagPoEUsqbVz/1A=
+github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 h1:CjnDlHq8ikf6E492q6eKboGOC0T8CDaOvkHCIg8idEI=
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+github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 h1:dueUQJ1C2q9oE3F7wvmSGAaVtTmUizReu6fjN8uqzbQ=
+github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3/go.mod h1:naHLuLoDiP4jHNo9R0sCBMtWGeIprob74mVsIT4qYEQ=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1 h1:7s2iGBzp5EwR7/aIZr8ao5+dra3wiQyKjjFuvgVKu7U=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1/go.mod h1:wZwfW3scLgRK+23gO65QZefKpKQRnfz6sD981Nm4B6U=
+go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0 h1:cH53jehLUN6UFLY71z+NDOiNJqDdPRaXzTel0sJySYA=
+go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0/go.mod h1:3wSPjt5PWp2RhlCcmmOial7AvC4DQqZb7a7wCow3W8A=
+go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.63.0 h1:RbKq8BG0FI8OiXhBfcRtqqHcZcka+gU3cskNuf05R18=
+go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.63.0/go.mod h1:h06DGIukJOevXaj/xrNjhi/2098RZzcLTbc0jDAUbsg=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.38.0 h1:RkfdswUDRimDg0m2Az18RKOsnI8UDzppJAtj01/Ymk8=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.38.0/go.mod h1:zcmtmQ1+YmQM9wrNsTGV/q/uyusom3P8RxwExxkZhjM=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.38.0 h1:GqRJVj7UmLjCVyVJ3ZFLdPRmhDUp2zFmQe3RHIOsw24=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.38.0/go.mod h1:ri3aaHSmCTVYu2AWv44YMauwAQc0aqI9gHKIcSbI1pU=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.38.0 h1:aTL7F04bJHUlztTsNGJ2l+6he8c+y/b//eR0jjjemT4=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.38.0/go.mod h1:kldtb7jDTeol0l3ewcmd8SDvx3EmIE7lyvqbasU3QC4=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.38.0 h1:Kl6lzIYGAh5M159u9NgiRkmoMKjvbsKtYRwgfrA6WpA=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.38.0/go.mod h1:kB5n/QoRM8YwmUahxvI3bO34eVtQf2i4utNVLr9gEmI=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.38.0 h1:l48sr5YbNf2hpCUj/FoGhW9yDkl+Ma+LrVl8qaM5b+E=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.38.0/go.mod h1:ghmNdGlVemJI3+ZB5iDEuk4bWA3GkTpW+DOoZMYBVVg=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.38.0 h1:aSH66iL0aZqo//xXzQLYozmWrXxyFkBJ6qT5wthqPoM=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.38.0/go.mod h1:dg9PBnW9XdQ1Hd6ZnRz689CbtrUp0wMMs9iPcgT9EZA=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.38.0 h1:Fxk5bKrDZJUH+AMyyIXGcFAPah0oRcT+LuNtJrmcNLE=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.38.0/go.mod h1:j1P9ivuFsTceSWe1oY+EeW3sc+Pp42sO++GHkg4wwhs=
+go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.7.1 h1:gTOMpGDb0WTBOP8JaO72iL3auEZhVmAQg4ipjOVAtj4=
+go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.7.1/go.mod h1:b2rVh6rfI/s2pHWNlB7ILJcRALpcNDzKhACevjI+ZnE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.43.0 h1:lat02VYK2j4aLzMzecihNvTlJNQUq316m2Mr9rnM6YE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.43.0/go.mod h1:vhO1fvI4dGsIjh73sWfUVjj3N7CA9WkKJNQm2svM6Jg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 h1:vz1N37gP5bs89s7He8XuIYXpyY0+QlsKmzipCbUtyxI=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0/go.mod h1:BJP2sWEmIv4KK5OTEluFJCKSidICx8ciO85XgH3Ak8k=
+golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 h1:rhazDwis8INMIwQ4tpjLDzUhx6RlXqZNPEM0huQojng=
+golang.org/x/text v0.28.0/go.mod h1:U8nCwOR8jO/marOQ0QbDiOngZVEBB7MAiitBuMjXiNU=
+golang.org/x/time v0.14.0 h1:MRx4UaLrDotUKUdCIqzPC48t1Y9hANFKIRpNx+Te8PI=
+golang.org/x/time v0.14.0/go.mod h1:eL/Oa2bBBK0TkX57Fyni+NgnyQQN4LitPmob2Hjnqw4=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250825161204-c5933d9347a5 h1:BIRfGDEjiHRrk0QKZe3Xv2ieMhtgRGeLcZQ0mIVn4EY=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250825161204-c5933d9347a5/go.mod h1:j3QtIyytwqGr1JUDtYXwtMXWPKsEa5LtzIFN1Wn5WvE=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250825161204-c5933d9347a5 h1:eaY8u2EuxbRv7c3NiGK0/NedzVsCcV6hDuU5qPX5EGE=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250825161204-c5933d9347a5/go.mod h1:M4/wBTSeyLxupu3W3tJtOgB14jILAS/XWPSSa3TAlJc=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.75.0 h1:+TW+dqTd2Biwe6KKfhE5JpiYIBWq865PhKGSXiivqt4=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.75.0/go.mod h1:JtPAzKiq4v1xcAB2hydNlWI2RnF85XXcV0mhKXr2ecQ=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.8 h1:xHScyCOEuuwZEc6UtSOvPbAT4zRh0xcNRYekJwfqyMc=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.8/go.mod h1:fuxRtAxBytpl4zzqUh6/eyUujkJdNiuEkXntxiD/uRU=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.2 h1:7koQfIKdy+I8UTetycgUqXWSDwpgv193Ka+qRsmBY8Q=
+gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.2/go.mod h1:LtdLGcnqToBH83WByAAi/wiwSFCArdFIUV/xxN4pcjA=

ci/internal/mullvad.go

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/network"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	v1 "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
+)
+
+func MullvadTest(ctx context.Context) error {
+	secrets, err := readSecrets(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("reading secrets: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	const timeout = 15 * time.Second
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, timeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	client, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating Docker client: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	config := &container.Config{
+		Image:       "qmcgaw/gluetun",
+		StopTimeout: ptrTo(3),
+		Env: []string{
+			"VPN_SERVICE_PROVIDER=mullvad",
+			"VPN_TYPE=wireguard",
+			"LOG_LEVEL=debug",
+			"SERVER_COUNTRIES=USA",
+			"WIREGUARD_PRIVATE_KEY=" + secrets.mullvadWireguardPrivateKey,
+			"WIREGUARD_ADDRESSES=" + secrets.mullvadWireguardAddress,
+		},
+	}
+	hostConfig := &container.HostConfig{
+		AutoRemove: true,
+		CapAdd:     []string{"NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"},
+	}
+	networkConfig := (*network.NetworkingConfig)(nil)
+	platform := (*v1.Platform)(nil)
+	const containerName = "" // auto-generated name
+
+	response, err := client.ContainerCreate(ctx, config, hostConfig, networkConfig, platform, containerName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating container: %w", err)
+	}
+	for _, warning := range response.Warnings {
+		fmt.Println("Warning during container creation:", warning)
+	}
+	containerID := response.ID
+	defer stopContainer(client, containerID)
+
+	beforeStartTime := time.Now()
+
+	err = client.ContainerStart(ctx, containerID, container.StartOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("starting container: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return waitForLogLine(ctx, client, containerID, beforeStartTime)
+}
+
+func ptrTo[T any](v T) *T { return &v }
+
+type secrets struct {
+	mullvadWireguardPrivateKey string
+	mullvadWireguardAddress    string
+}
+
+func readSecrets(ctx context.Context) (secrets, error) {
+	expectedSecrets := [...]string{
+		"Mullvad Wireguard private key",
+		"Mullvad Wireguard address",
+	}
+
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
+	lines := make([]string, 0, len(expectedSecrets))
+
+	for i := range expectedSecrets {
+		fmt.Println("🤫 reading", expectedSecrets[i], "from Stdin...")
+		if !scanner.Scan() {
+			break
+		}
+		lines = append(lines, strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text()))
+		if ctx.Err() != nil {
+			return secrets{}, ctx.Err()
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+		return secrets{}, fmt.Errorf("reading secrets from stdin: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(lines) < len(expectedSecrets) {
+		return secrets{}, fmt.Errorf("expected %d secrets via Stdin, but only received %d",
+			len(expectedSecrets), len(lines))
+	}
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		if line == "" {
+			return secrets{}, fmt.Errorf("secret on line %d/%d was empty", i+1, len(lines))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return secrets{
+		mullvadWireguardPrivateKey: lines[0],
+		mullvadWireguardAddress:    lines[1],
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func stopContainer(client *client.Client, containerID string) {
+	const stopTimeout = 5 * time.Second // must be higher than 3s, see above [container.Config]'s StopTimeout field
+	stopCtx, stopCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), stopTimeout)
+	defer stopCancel()
+
+	err := client.ContainerStop(stopCtx, containerID, container.StopOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("failed to stop container:", err)
+	}
+}
+
+var successRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(`^.+Public IP address is .+$`)
+
+func waitForLogLine(ctx context.Context, client *client.Client, containerID string,
+	beforeStartTime time.Time,
+) error {
+	logOptions := container.LogsOptions{
+		ShowStdout: true,
+		Follow:     true,
+		Since:      beforeStartTime.Format(time.RFC3339Nano),
+	}
+
+	reader, err := client.ContainerLogs(ctx, containerID, logOptions)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error getting container logs: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer reader.Close()
+
+	var linesSeen []string
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(reader)
+	for ctx.Err() == nil {
+		if scanner.Scan() {
+			line := scanner.Text()
+			if len(line) > 8 { // remove Docker log prefix
+				line = line[8:]
+			}
+			linesSeen = append(linesSeen, line)
+			if successRegexp.MatchString(line) {
+				fmt.Println("✅ Success line logged")
+				return nil
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		err := scanner.Err()
+		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
+			logSeenLines(linesSeen)
+			return fmt.Errorf("reading log stream: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		// The scanner is either done or cannot read because of EOF
+		fmt.Println("The log scanner stopped")
+		logSeenLines(linesSeen)
+
+		// Check if the container is still running
+		inspect, err := client.ContainerInspect(ctx, containerID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspecting container: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !inspect.State.Running {
+			return fmt.Errorf("container stopped unexpectedly while waiting for log line. Exit code: %d", inspect.State.ExitCode)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ctx.Err()
+}
+
+func logSeenLines(lines []string) {
+	fmt.Println("Logs seen so far:")
+	for _, line := range lines {
+		fmt.Println("  " + line)
+	}
+}

cmd/gluetun/main.go

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
+	"os/exec"
 	"os/signal"
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
@@ -13,13 +15,11 @@ import (
 	_ "time/tzdata"
 
 	_ "github.com/breml/rootcerts"
-	"github.com/qdm12/dns/pkg/unbound"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/alpine"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/cli"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/sources"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/command"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/sources/env"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/sources/files"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/sources/mux"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/sources/secrets"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/dns"
@@ -29,23 +29,28 @@ import (
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/netlink"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/openvpn"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/openvpn/extract"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/portforward"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/pprof"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/provider"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/publicip"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/routing"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/server"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/shadowsocks"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/storage"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/tun"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/updater"
+	updater "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/updater/loop"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/updater/resolver"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/updater/unzip"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/vpn"
-	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/command"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
-	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader/sources/env"
 	"github.com/qdm12/goshutdown"
 	"github.com/qdm12/goshutdown/goroutine"
 	"github.com/qdm12/goshutdown/group"
 	"github.com/qdm12/goshutdown/order"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gosplash"
-	"github.com/qdm12/updated/pkg/dnscrypto"
+	"github.com/qdm12/log"
 )
 
 //nolint:gochecknoglobals
@@ -55,11 +60,6 @@ var (
 	created = "an unknown date"
 )
 
-var (
-	errSetupRouting = errors.New("cannot setup routing")
-	errCreateUser   = errors.New("cannot create user")
-)
-
 func main() {
 	buildInfo := models.BuildInformation{
 		Version: version,
@@ -68,37 +68,45 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	background := context.Background()
-	signalCtx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(background, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM, os.Interrupt)
+	signalCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(signalCh, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(background)
 
-	logger := logging.New(logging.Settings{
+	logger := log.New(log.SetLevel(log.LevelInfo))
-		Level: logging.LevelInfo,
-	})
 
 	args := os.Args
 	tun := tun.New()
-	netLinker := netlink.New()
+	netLinkDebugLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("netlink"))
+	netLinker := netlink.New(netLinkDebugLogger)
 	cli := cli.New()
-	cmder := command.NewCmder()
+	cmder := command.New()
 
-	envReader := env.New(logger)
+	reader := reader.New(reader.Settings{
-	filesReader := files.New()
+		Sources: []reader.Source{
-	secretsReader := secrets.New()
+			secrets.New(logger),
-	muxReader := mux.New(envReader, filesReader, secretsReader)
+			files.New(logger),
+			env.New(env.Settings{}),
+		},
+		HandleDeprecatedKey: func(source, deprecatedKey, currentKey string) {
+			logger.Warn("You are using the old " + source + " " + deprecatedKey +
+				", please consider changing it to " + currentKey)
+		},
+	})
 
 	errorCh := make(chan error)
 	go func() {
-		errorCh <- _main(ctx, buildInfo, args, logger, muxReader, tun, netLinker, cmder, cli)
+		errorCh <- _main(ctx, buildInfo, args, logger, reader, tun, netLinker, cmder, cli)
 	}()
 
+	// Wait for OS signal or run error
+	var err error
 	select {
-	case <-signalCtx.Done():
+	case receivedSignal := <-signalCh:
-		stop()
+		signal.Stop(signalCh)
 		fmt.Println("")
-		logger.Warn("Caught OS signal, shutting down")
+		logger.Warn("Caught OS signal " + receivedSignal.String() + ", shutting down")
 		cancel()
-	case err := <-errorCh:
+	case err = <-errorCh:
-		stop()
 		close(errorCh)
 		if err == nil { // expected exit such as healthcheck
 			os.Exit(0)
@@ -107,48 +115,56 @@ func main() {
 		cancel()
 	}
 
+	// Shutdown timed sequence, and force exit on second OS signal
 	const shutdownGracePeriod = 5 * time.Second
 	timer := time.NewTimer(shutdownGracePeriod)
 	select {
-	case <-errorCh:
+	case shutdownErr := <-errorCh:
-		if !timer.Stop() {
+		timer.Stop()
-			<-timer.C
+		if shutdownErr != nil {
+			logger.Warnf("Shutdown failed: %s", shutdownErr)
+			os.Exit(1)
 		}
+
 		logger.Info("Shutdown successful")
+		if err != nil {
+			os.Exit(1)
+		}
+		os.Exit(0)
 	case <-timer.C:
 		logger.Warn("Shutdown timed out")
+		os.Exit(1)
 	}
-
-	os.Exit(1)
 }
 
-var (
+var errCommandUnknown = errors.New("command is unknown")
-	errCommandUnknown = errors.New("command is unknown")
-)
 
-//nolint:gocognit,gocyclo
+//nolint:gocognit,gocyclo,maintidx
 func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
-	args []string, logger logging.ParentLogger, source sources.Source,
+	args []string, logger log.LoggerInterface, reader *reader.Reader,
-	tun tun.Interface, netLinker netlink.NetLinker, cmder command.RunStarter,
+	tun Tun, netLinker netLinker, cmder RunStarter,
-	cli cli.CLIer) error {
+	cli clier,
+) error {
 	if len(args) > 1 { // cli operation
 		switch args[1] {
 		case "healthcheck":
-			return cli.HealthCheck(ctx, source, logger)
+			return cli.HealthCheck(ctx, reader, logger)
 		case "clientkey":
 			return cli.ClientKey(args[2:])
 		case "openvpnconfig":
-			return cli.OpenvpnConfig(logger, source)
+			return cli.OpenvpnConfig(logger, reader, netLinker)
 		case "update":
 			return cli.Update(ctx, args[2:], logger)
 		case "format-servers":
 			return cli.FormatServers(args[2:])
+		case "genkey":
+			return cli.GenKey(args[2:])
 		default:
 			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", errCommandUnknown, args[1])
 		}
 	}
 
-	announcementExp, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, "2021-02-15T00:00:00Z")
+	announcementExp, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, "2024-12-01T00:00:00Z")
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -158,8 +174,8 @@ func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
 		Emails:       []string{"quentin.mcgaw@gmail.com"},
 		Version:      buildInfo.Version,
 		Commit:       buildInfo.Commit,
-		BuildDate:    buildInfo.Created,
+		Created:      buildInfo.Created,
-		Announcement: "Large settings parsing refactoring merged on 2022-01-06, please report any issue!",
+		Announcement: "All control server routes are now private by default",
 		AnnounceExp:  announcementExp,
 		// Sponsor information
 		PaypalUser:    "qmcgaw",
@@ -169,91 +185,30 @@ func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
 		fmt.Println(line)
 	}
 
-	allSettings, err := source.Read()
+	var allSettings settings.Settings
+	err = allSettings.Read(reader, logger)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	allSettings.SetDefaults()
 
-	// TODO run this in a loop or in openvpn to reload from file without restarting
+	// Note: no need to validate minimal settings for the firewall:
-	storageLogger := logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "storage: "})
+	// - global log level is parsed below
-	storage, err := storage.New(storageLogger, constants.ServersData)
+	// - firewall Debug and Enabled are booleans parsed from source
+	logLevel, err := log.ParseLevel(allSettings.Log.Level)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("log level: %w", err)
 	}
+	logger.Patch(log.SetLevel(logLevel))
+	netLinker.PatchLoggerLevel(logLevel)
 
-	allServers := storage.GetServers()
+	routingLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("routing"))
-
+	if *allSettings.Firewall.Debug { // To remove in v4
-	err = allSettings.Validate(allServers)
+		routingLogger.Patch(log.SetLevel(log.LevelDebug))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
 	}
-
-	logger.PatchLevel(*allSettings.Log.Level)
-
-	puid, pgid := int(*allSettings.System.PUID), int(*allSettings.System.PGID)
-
-	const clientTimeout = 15 * time.Second
-	httpClient := &http.Client{Timeout: clientTimeout}
-	// Create configurators
-	alpineConf := alpine.New()
-	ovpnConf := openvpn.New(
-		logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "openvpn configurator: "}),
-		cmder, puid, pgid)
-	dnsCrypto := dnscrypto.New(httpClient, "", "")
-	const cacertsPath = "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt"
-	dnsConf := unbound.NewConfigurator(nil, cmder, dnsCrypto,
-		"/etc/unbound", "/usr/sbin/unbound", cacertsPath)
-
-	err = printVersions(ctx, logger, []printVersionElement{
-		{name: "Alpine", getVersion: alpineConf.Version},
-		{name: "OpenVPN 2.4", getVersion: ovpnConf.Version24},
-		{name: "OpenVPN 2.5", getVersion: ovpnConf.Version25},
-		{name: "Unbound", getVersion: dnsConf.Version},
-		{name: "IPtables", getVersion: func(ctx context.Context) (version string, err error) {
-			return firewall.Version(ctx, cmder)
-		}},
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	logger.Info(allSettings.String())
-
-	if err := os.MkdirAll("/tmp/gluetun", 0644); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := os.MkdirAll("/gluetun", 0644); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	const defaultUsername = "nonrootuser"
-	nonRootUsername, err := alpineConf.CreateUser(defaultUsername, puid)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", errCreateUser, err)
-	}
-	if nonRootUsername != defaultUsername {
-		logger.Info("using existing username " + nonRootUsername + " corresponding to user id " + fmt.Sprint(puid))
-	}
-	// set it for Unbound
-	// TODO remove this when migrating to qdm12/dns v2
-	allSettings.DNS.DoT.Unbound.Username = nonRootUsername
-	allSettings.VPN.OpenVPN.ProcUser = nonRootUsername
-
-	if err := os.Chown("/etc/unbound", puid, pgid); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	firewallLogLevel := *allSettings.Log.Level
-	if *allSettings.Firewall.Debug {
-		firewallLogLevel = logging.LevelDebug
-	}
-	routingLogger := logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{
-		Prefix: "routing: ",
-		Level:  firewallLogLevel,
-	})
 	routingConf := routing.New(netLinker, routingLogger)
 
-	defaultInterface, defaultGateway, err := routingConf.DefaultRoute()
+	defaultRoutes, err := routingConf.DefaultRoutes()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -263,28 +218,102 @@ func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
 		return err
 	}
 
-	defaultIP, err := routingConf.DefaultIP()
+	firewallLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("firewall"))
+	if *allSettings.Firewall.Debug { // To remove in v4
+		firewallLogger.Patch(log.SetLevel(log.LevelDebug))
+	}
+	firewallConf, err := firewall.NewConfig(ctx, firewallLogger, cmder,
+		defaultRoutes, localNetworks)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	firewallLogger := logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{
+	if *allSettings.Firewall.Enabled {
-		Prefix: "firewall: ",
+		err = firewallConf.SetEnabled(ctx, true)
-		Level:  firewallLogLevel,
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO run this in a loop or in openvpn to reload from file without restarting
+	storageLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("storage"))
+	storage, err := storage.New(storageLogger, *allSettings.Storage.Filepath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	ipv6Supported, err := netLinker.IsIPv6Supported()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("checking for IPv6 support: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	err = allSettings.Validate(storage, ipv6Supported, logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	allSettings.Pprof.HTTPServer.Logger = logger.New(log.SetComponent("pprof"))
+	pprofServer, err := pprof.New(allSettings.Pprof)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating Pprof server: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	puid, pgid := int(*allSettings.System.PUID), int(*allSettings.System.PGID)
+
+	const clientTimeout = 15 * time.Second
+	httpClient := &http.Client{Timeout: clientTimeout}
+	// Create configurators
+	alpineConf := alpine.New()
+	ovpnConf := openvpn.New(
+		logger.New(log.SetComponent("openvpn configurator")),
+		cmder, puid, pgid)
+
+	err = printVersions(ctx, logger, []printVersionElement{
+		{name: "Alpine", getVersion: alpineConf.Version},
+		{name: "OpenVPN 2.5", getVersion: ovpnConf.Version25},
+		{name: "OpenVPN 2.6", getVersion: ovpnConf.Version26},
+		{name: "IPtables", getVersion: firewallConf.Version},
 	})
-	firewallConf := firewall.NewConfig(firewallLogger, cmder,
+	if err != nil {
-		defaultInterface, defaultGateway, localNetworks, defaultIP)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	logger.Info(allSettings.String())
+
+	for _, warning := range allSettings.Warnings() {
+		logger.Warn(warning)
+	}
+
+	const permission = fs.FileMode(0o644)
+	err = os.MkdirAll("/tmp/gluetun", permission)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	err = os.MkdirAll("/gluetun", permission)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	const defaultUsername = "nonrootuser"
+	nonRootUsername, err := alpineConf.CreateUser(defaultUsername, puid)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating user: %w", err)
+	}
+	if nonRootUsername != defaultUsername {
+		logger.Info("using existing username " + nonRootUsername + " corresponding to user id " + fmt.Sprint(puid))
+	}
+	allSettings.VPN.OpenVPN.ProcessUser = nonRootUsername
 
 	if err := routingConf.Setup(); err != nil {
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "operation not permitted") {
 			logger.Warn("💡 Tip: Are you passing NET_ADMIN capability to gluetun?")
 		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", errSetupRouting, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("setting up routing: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer func() {
-		logger.Info("routing cleanup...")
+		routingLogger.Info("routing cleanup...")
 		if err := routingConf.TearDown(); err != nil {
-			logger.Error("cannot teardown routing: " + err.Error())
+			routingLogger.Error("cannot teardown routing: " + err.Error())
 		}
 	}()
 
@@ -295,25 +324,30 @@ func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err := tun.Check(constants.TunnelDevice); err != nil {
+	err = routingConf.AddLocalRules(localNetworks)
-		logger.Info(err.Error() + "; creating it...")
+	if err != nil {
-		err = tun.Create(constants.TunnelDevice)
+		return fmt.Errorf("adding local rules: %w", err)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
 	}
 
-	if *allSettings.Firewall.Enabled {
+	const tunDevice = "/dev/net/tun"
-		err := firewallConf.SetEnabled(ctx, true) // disabled by default
+	err = tun.Check(tunDevice)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("checking TUN device: %w (see the Wiki errors/tun page)", err)
+		}
+		logger.Info(err.Error() + "; creating it...")
+		err = tun.Create(tunDevice)
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			return fmt.Errorf("creating tun device: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
 	for _, port := range allSettings.Firewall.InputPorts {
-		err = firewallConf.SetAllowedPort(ctx, port, defaultInterface)
+		for _, defaultRoute := range defaultRoutes {
-		if err != nil {
+			err = firewallConf.SetAllowedPort(ctx, port, defaultRoute.NetInterface)
-			return err
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 		}
 	} // TODO move inside firewall?
 
@@ -328,58 +362,85 @@ func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
 	}
 	defaultGroupOptions := []group.Option{
 		group.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout),
-		group.OptionOnSuccess(defaultShutdownOnSuccess)}
+		group.OptionOnSuccess(defaultShutdownOnSuccess),
+	}
 
 	controlGroupHandler := goshutdown.NewGroupHandler("control", defaultGroupOptions...)
 	tickersGroupHandler := goshutdown.NewGroupHandler("tickers", defaultGroupOptions...)
 	otherGroupHandler := goshutdown.NewGroupHandler("other", defaultGroupOptions...)
 
-	portForwardLogger := logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "port forwarding: "})
+	if *allSettings.Pprof.Enabled {
-	portForwardLooper := portforward.NewLoop(allSettings.VPN.Provider.PortForwarding,
+		// TODO run in run loop so this can be patched at runtime
-		httpClient, firewallConf, portForwardLogger)
+		pprofReady := make(chan struct{})
-	portForwardHandler, portForwardCtx, portForwardDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
+		pprofHandler, pprofCtx, pprofDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler("pprof server")
-		"port forwarding", goroutine.OptionTimeout(time.Second))
+		go pprofServer.Run(pprofCtx, pprofReady, pprofDone)
-	go portForwardLooper.Run(portForwardCtx, portForwardDone)
+		otherGroupHandler.Add(pprofHandler)
+		<-pprofReady
+	}
+
+	portForwardLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("port forwarding"))
+	portForwardLooper := portforward.NewLoop(allSettings.VPN.Provider.PortForwarding,
+		routingConf, httpClient, firewallConf, portForwardLogger, cmder, puid, pgid)
+	portForwardRunError, err := portForwardLooper.Start(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("starting port forwarding loop: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	dnsLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("dns"))
+	dnsLooper, err := dns.NewLoop(allSettings.DNS, httpClient,
+		dnsLogger)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating DNS loop: %w", err)
+	}
 
-	unboundLogger := logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "dns over tls: "})
-	unboundLooper := dns.NewLoop(dnsConf, allSettings.DNS, httpClient,
-		unboundLogger)
 	dnsHandler, dnsCtx, dnsDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
-		"unbound", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
+		"dns", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
-	// wait for unboundLooper.Restart or its ticker launched with RunRestartTicker
+	// wait for dnsLooper.Restart or its ticker launched with RunRestartTicker
-	go unboundLooper.Run(dnsCtx, dnsDone)
+	go dnsLooper.Run(dnsCtx, dnsDone)
 	otherGroupHandler.Add(dnsHandler)
 
 	dnsTickerHandler, dnsTickerCtx, dnsTickerDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
 		"dns ticker", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
-	go unboundLooper.RunRestartTicker(dnsTickerCtx, dnsTickerDone)
+	go dnsLooper.RunRestartTicker(dnsTickerCtx, dnsTickerDone)
 	controlGroupHandler.Add(dnsTickerHandler)
 
-	publicIPLooper := publicip.NewLoop(httpClient,
+	publicIPLooper, err := publicip.NewLoop(allSettings.PublicIP, puid, pgid, httpClient,
-		logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "ip getter: "}),
+		logger.New(log.SetComponent("ip getter")))
-		allSettings.PublicIP, puid, pgid)
+	if err != nil {
-	pubIPHandler, pubIPCtx, pubIPDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating public ip loop: %w", err)
-		"public IP", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
+	}
-	go publicIPLooper.Run(pubIPCtx, pubIPDone)
+	publicIPRunError, err := publicIPLooper.Start(ctx)
-	otherGroupHandler.Add(pubIPHandler)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("starting public ip loop: %w", err)
+	}
 
-	pubIPTickerHandler, pubIPTickerCtx, pubIPTickerDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
+	healthLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("healthcheck"))
-		"public IP", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
+	healthcheckServer := healthcheck.NewServer(allSettings.Health, healthLogger)
-	go publicIPLooper.RunRestartTicker(pubIPTickerCtx, pubIPTickerDone)
+	healthServerHandler, healthServerCtx, healthServerDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
-	tickersGroupHandler.Add(pubIPTickerHandler)
+		"HTTP health server", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
+	go healthcheckServer.Run(healthServerCtx, healthServerDone)
+	healthChecker := healthcheck.NewChecker(healthLogger)
 
-	vpnLogger := logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "vpn: "})
+	updaterLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("updater"))
-	vpnLooper := vpn.NewLoop(allSettings.VPN, allSettings.Firewall.VPNInputPorts,
+
-		allServers, ovpnConf, netLinker, firewallConf, routingConf, portForwardLooper,
+	unzipper := unzip.New(httpClient)
-		cmder, publicIPLooper, unboundLooper, vpnLogger, httpClient,
+	parallelResolver := resolver.NewParallelResolver(allSettings.Updater.DNSAddress)
+	openvpnFileExtractor := extract.New()
+	providers := provider.NewProviders(storage, time.Now, updaterLogger,
+		httpClient, unzipper, parallelResolver, publicIPLooper.Fetcher(),
+		openvpnFileExtractor, allSettings.Updater)
+
+	vpnLogger := logger.New(log.SetComponent("vpn"))
+	vpnLooper := vpn.NewLoop(allSettings.VPN, ipv6Supported, allSettings.Firewall.VPNInputPorts,
+		providers, storage, allSettings.Health, healthChecker, healthcheckServer, ovpnConf, netLinker, firewallConf,
+		routingConf, portForwardLooper, cmder, publicIPLooper, dnsLooper, vpnLogger, httpClient,
 		buildInfo, *allSettings.Version.Enabled)
 	vpnHandler, vpnCtx, vpnDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
 		"vpn", goroutine.OptionTimeout(time.Second))
 	go vpnLooper.Run(vpnCtx, vpnDone)
 
-	updaterLooper := updater.NewLooper(allSettings.Updater,
+	updaterLooper := updater.NewLoop(allSettings.Updater,
-		allServers, storage, vpnLooper.SetServers, httpClient,
+		providers, storage, httpClient, updaterLogger)
-		logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "updater: "}))
 	updaterHandler, updaterCtx, updaterDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
 		"updater", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
 	// wait for updaterLooper.Restart() or its ticket launched with RunRestartTicker
@@ -392,48 +453,64 @@ func _main(ctx context.Context, buildInfo models.BuildInformation,
 	controlGroupHandler.Add(updaterTickerHandler)
 
 	httpProxyLooper := httpproxy.NewLoop(
-		logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "http proxy: "}),
+		logger.New(log.SetComponent("http proxy")),
 		allSettings.HTTPProxy)
 	httpProxyHandler, httpProxyCtx, httpProxyDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
 		"http proxy", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
 	go httpProxyLooper.Run(httpProxyCtx, httpProxyDone)
 	otherGroupHandler.Add(httpProxyHandler)
 
-	shadowsocksLooper := shadowsocks.NewLooper(allSettings.Shadowsocks,
+	shadowsocksLooper := shadowsocks.NewLoop(allSettings.Shadowsocks,
-		logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "shadowsocks: "}))
+		logger.New(log.SetComponent("shadowsocks")))
 	shadowsocksHandler, shadowsocksCtx, shadowsocksDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
 		"shadowsocks proxy", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
 	go shadowsocksLooper.Run(shadowsocksCtx, shadowsocksDone)
 	otherGroupHandler.Add(shadowsocksHandler)
 
-	controlServerAddress := fmt.Sprintf(":%d", *allSettings.ControlServer.Port)
-	controlServerLogging := *allSettings.ControlServer.Log
 	httpServerHandler, httpServerCtx, httpServerDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
 		"http server", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
-	httpServer := server.New(httpServerCtx, controlServerAddress, controlServerLogging,
+	httpServer, err := server.New(httpServerCtx, allSettings.ControlServer,
-		logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "http server: "}),
+		logger.New(log.SetComponent("http server")),
-		buildInfo, vpnLooper, portForwardLooper, unboundLooper, updaterLooper, publicIPLooper)
+		buildInfo, vpnLooper, portForwardLooper, dnsLooper, updaterLooper, publicIPLooper,
-	go httpServer.Run(httpServerCtx, httpServerDone)
+		storage, ipv6Supported)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("setting up control server: %w", err)
+	}
+	httpServerReady := make(chan struct{})
+	go httpServer.Run(httpServerCtx, httpServerReady, httpServerDone)
+	<-httpServerReady
 	controlGroupHandler.Add(httpServerHandler)
 
-	healthLogger := logger.NewChild(logging.Settings{Prefix: "healthcheck: "})
-	healthcheckServer := healthcheck.NewServer(allSettings.Health, healthLogger, vpnLooper)
-	healthServerHandler, healthServerCtx, healthServerDone := goshutdown.NewGoRoutineHandler(
-		"HTTP health server", goroutine.OptionTimeout(defaultShutdownTimeout))
-	go healthcheckServer.Run(healthServerCtx, healthServerDone)
-
 	orderHandler := goshutdown.NewOrderHandler("gluetun",
 		order.OptionTimeout(totalShutdownTimeout),
 		order.OptionOnSuccess(defaultShutdownOnSuccess),
 		order.OptionOnFailure(defaultShutdownOnFailure))
 	orderHandler.Append(controlGroupHandler, tickersGroupHandler, healthServerHandler,
-		vpnHandler, portForwardHandler, otherGroupHandler)
+		vpnHandler, otherGroupHandler)
 
 	// Start VPN for the first time in a blocking call
 	// until the VPN is launched
 	_, _ = vpnLooper.ApplyStatus(ctx, constants.Running) // TODO option to disable with variable
 
-	<-ctx.Done()
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		stoppers := []interface {
+			String() string
+			Stop() error
+		}{
+			portForwardLooper, publicIPLooper,
+		}
+		for _, stopper := range stoppers {
+			err := stopper.Stop()
+			if err != nil {
+				logger.Error(fmt.Sprintf("stopping %s: %s", stopper, err))
+			}
+		}
+	case err := <-portForwardRunError:
+		logger.Errorf("port forwarding loop crashed: %s", err)
+	case err := <-publicIPRunError:
+		logger.Errorf("public IP loop crashed: %s", err)
+	}
 
 	return orderHandler.Shutdown(context.Background())
 }
@@ -448,7 +525,8 @@ type infoer interface {
 }
 
 func printVersions(ctx context.Context, logger infoer,
-	elements []printVersionElement) (err error) {
+	elements []printVersionElement,
+) (err error) {
 	const timeout = 5 * time.Second
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, timeout)
 	defer cancel()
@@ -456,10 +534,69 @@ func printVersions(ctx context.Context, logger infoer,
 	for _, element := range elements {
 		version, err := element.getVersion(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
-			return err
+			return fmt.Errorf("getting %s version: %w", element.name, err)
 		}
 		logger.Info(element.name + " version: " + version)
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+type netLinker interface {
+	Addresser
+	Router
+	Ruler
+	Linker
+	IsWireguardSupported() (ok bool, err error)
+	IsIPv6Supported() (ok bool, err error)
+	PatchLoggerLevel(level log.Level)
+}
+
+type Addresser interface {
+	AddrList(link netlink.Link, family int) (
+		addresses []netlink.Addr, err error)
+	AddrReplace(link netlink.Link, addr netlink.Addr) error
+}
+
+type Router interface {
+	RouteList(family int) (routes []netlink.Route, err error)
+	RouteAdd(route netlink.Route) error
+	RouteDel(route netlink.Route) error
+	RouteReplace(route netlink.Route) error
+}
+
+type Ruler interface {
+	RuleList(family int) (rules []netlink.Rule, err error)
+	RuleAdd(rule netlink.Rule) error
+	RuleDel(rule netlink.Rule) error
+}
+
+type Linker interface {
+	LinkList() (links []netlink.Link, err error)
+	LinkByName(name string) (link netlink.Link, err error)
+	LinkByIndex(index int) (link netlink.Link, err error)
+	LinkAdd(link netlink.Link) (linkIndex int, err error)
+	LinkDel(link netlink.Link) (err error)
+	LinkSetUp(link netlink.Link) (linkIndex int, err error)
+	LinkSetDown(link netlink.Link) (err error)
+}
+
+type clier interface {
+	ClientKey(args []string) error
+	FormatServers(args []string) error
+	OpenvpnConfig(logger cli.OpenvpnConfigLogger, reader *reader.Reader, ipv6Checker cli.IPv6Checker) error
+	HealthCheck(ctx context.Context, reader *reader.Reader, warner cli.Warner) error
+	Update(ctx context.Context, args []string, logger cli.UpdaterLogger) error
+	GenKey(args []string) error
+}
+
+type Tun interface {
+	Check(tunDevice string) error
+	Create(tunDevice string) error
+}
+
+type RunStarter interface {
+	Run(cmd *exec.Cmd) (output string, err error)
+	Start(cmd *exec.Cmd) (stdoutLines, stderrLines <-chan string,
+		waitError <-chan error, err error)
+}

go.mod

@@ -1,46 +1,69 @@
 module github.com/qdm12/gluetun
 
-go 1.17
+go 1.25.0
 
 require (
-	github.com/breml/rootcerts v0.2.1
+	github.com/ProtonMail/go-srp v0.0.7
-	github.com/fatih/color v1.13.0
+	github.com/breml/rootcerts v0.3.3
-	github.com/go-ping/ping v0.0.0-20210911151512-381826476871
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0
 	github.com/golang/mock v1.6.0
-	github.com/qdm12/dns v1.11.0
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.1
-	github.com/qdm12/golibs v0.0.0-20210822203818-5c568b0777b6
+	github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4
+	github.com/qdm12/dns/v2 v2.0.0-rc9.0.20251114155417-248acd28339f
+	github.com/qdm12/gosettings v0.4.4
 	github.com/qdm12/goshutdown v0.3.0
-	github.com/qdm12/gosplash v0.1.0
+	github.com/qdm12/gosplash v0.2.0
-	github.com/qdm12/gotree v0.2.0
+	github.com/qdm12/gotree v0.3.0
-	github.com/qdm12/govalid v0.1.0
+	github.com/qdm12/log v0.1.0
-	github.com/qdm12/ss-server v0.4.0
+	github.com/qdm12/ss-server v0.6.0
-	github.com/qdm12/updated v0.0.0-20210603204757-205acfe6937e
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0
+	github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.15
-	github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.1.1-0.20211129163951-9ada19101fc5
+	github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.3.1
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210630005230-0f9fa26af87c
+	github.com/youmark/pkcs8 v0.0.0-20201027041543-1326539a0a0a
-	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20210805125648-3957e9b9dd19
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20241009180824-f66d83c29e7c
-	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20210803171230-4253848d036c
+	golang.org/x/net v0.47.0
-	inet.af/netaddr v0.0.0-20210718074554-06ca8145d722
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.31.0
+	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20231211153847-12269c276173
+	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6
+	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0
 )
 
 require (
+	github.com/ProtonMail/bcrypt v0.0.0-20211005172633-e235017c1baf // indirect
+	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.3.0-proton // indirect
+	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cronokirby/saferith v0.33.0 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0 // indirect
-	github.com/google/uuid v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/josharian/native v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/josharian/native v0.0.0-20200817173448-b6b71def0850 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.9 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14 // indirect
+	github.com/mdlayher/genetlink v1.3.2 // indirect
-	github.com/mdlayher/genetlink v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mdlayher/netlink v1.7.2 // indirect
-	github.com/mdlayher/netlink v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mdlayher/socket v0.4.1 // indirect
-	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.40 // indirect
+	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.62 // indirect
-	github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
+	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.20.5 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.60.1 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.15.1 // indirect
+	github.com/qdm12/goservices v0.1.1-0.20251104135713-6bee97bd4978 // indirect
 	github.com/riobard/go-bloom v0.0.0-20200614022211-cdc8013cb5b3 // indirect
-	github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.0-20200728191858-db3c7e526aae // indirect
+	github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.5 // indirect
-	go4.org/intern v0.0.0-20210108033219-3eb7198706b2 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.44.0 // indirect
-	go4.org/unsafe/assume-no-moving-gc v0.0.0-20201222180813-1025295fd063 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.29.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210711020723-a769d52b0f97 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210504132125-bbd867fde50d // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20210220032951-036812b2e83c // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.38.0 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c // indirect
+	golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.35.1 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
+	kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/libcap/cap v1.2.70 // indirect
+	kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/libcap/psx v1.2.70 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -1,257 +1,192 @@
-github.com/PuerkitoBio/purell v1.1.0/go.mod h1:c11w/QuzBsJSee3cPx9rAFu61PvFxuPbtSwDGJws/X0=
+github.com/ProtonMail/bcrypt v0.0.0-20210511135022-227b4adcab57/go.mod h1:HecWFHognK8GfRDGnFQbW/LiV7A3MX3gZVs45vk5h8I=
-github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc v0.0.0-20170810143723-de5bf2ad4578/go.mod h1:uGdkoq3SwY9Y+13GIhn11/XLaGBb4BfwItxLd5jeuXE=
+github.com/ProtonMail/bcrypt v0.0.0-20211005172633-e235017c1baf h1:yc9daCCYUefEs69zUkSzubzjBbL+cmOXgnmt9Fyd9ug=
-github.com/alcortesm/tgz v0.0.0-20161220082320-9c5fe88206d7/go.mod h1:6zEj6s6u/ghQa61ZWa/C2Aw3RkjiTBOix7dkqa1VLIs=
+github.com/ProtonMail/bcrypt v0.0.0-20211005172633-e235017c1baf/go.mod h1:o0ESU9p83twszAU8LBeJKFAAMX14tISa0yk4Oo5TOqo=
-github.com/anmitsu/go-shlex v0.0.0-20161002113705-648efa622239/go.mod h1:2FmKhYUyUczH0OGQWaF5ceTx0UBShxjsH6f8oGKYe2c=
+github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v0.0.0-20230321155629-9a39f2531310/go.mod h1:8TI4H3IbrackdNgv+92dI+rhpCaLqM0IfpgCgenFvRE=
-github.com/armon/go-socks5 v0.0.0-20160902184237-e75332964ef5/go.mod h1:wHh0iHkYZB8zMSxRWpUBQtwG5a7fFgvEO+odwuTv2gs=
+github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.3.0-proton h1:tAQKQRZX/73VmzK6yHSCaRUOvS/3OYSQzhXQsrR7yUM=
-github.com/asaskevich/govalidator v0.0.0-20180720115003-f9ffefc3facf/go.mod h1:lB+ZfQJz7igIIfQNfa7Ml4HSf2uFQQRzpGGRXenZAgY=
+github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.3.0-proton/go.mod h1:9whxjD8Rbs29b4XWbB8irEcE8KHMqaR2e7GWU1R+/PE=
-github.com/breml/rootcerts v0.2.1 h1:GZMVDXOs945764NFck0vtHSjktKYubOFM0kjf5HAuwc=
+github.com/ProtonMail/go-srp v0.0.7 h1:Sos3Qk+th4tQR64vsxGIxYpN3rdnG9Wf9K4ZloC1JrI=
-github.com/breml/rootcerts v0.2.1/go.mod h1:24FDtzYMpqIeYC7QzaE8VPRQaFZU5TIUDlyk8qwjD88=
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-github.com/creack/pty v1.1.7/go.mod h1:lj5s0c3V2DBrqTV7llrYr5NG6My20zk30Fl46Y7DoTY=
+github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
-github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
+github.com/breml/rootcerts v0.3.3 h1://GnaRtQ/9BY2+GtMk2wtWxVdCRysiaPr5/xBwl7NKw=
+github.com/breml/rootcerts v0.3.3/go.mod h1:S/PKh+4d1HUn4HQovEB8hPJZO6pUZYrIhmXBhsegfXw=
+github.com/bwesterb/go-ristretto v1.2.0/go.mod h1:fUIoIZaG73pV5biE2Blr2xEzDoMj7NFEuV9ekS419A0=
+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
+github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.1.0/go.mod h1:prBCrKB9DV4poKZY1l9zBXg2QJY7mvgRvtMxxK7fi4I=
+github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.1 h1:zqIqSPIndyBh1bjLVVDHMPpVKqp8Su/V+6MeDzzQBQ0=
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 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
-github.com/docker/go-units v0.3.3/go.mod h1:fgPhTUdO+D/Jk86RDLlptpiXQzgHJF7gydDDbaIK4Dk=
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-github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.12.0/go.mod h1:YfzfFFoVP/catgzJb4IKIqXjX78Ha8FMSDh3ymbK86o=
-github.com/fatih/color v1.12.0/go.mod h1:ELkj/draVOlAH/xkhN6mQ50Qd0MPOk5AAr3maGEBuJM=
-github.com/fatih/color v1.13.0 h1:8LOYc1KYPPmyKMuN8QV2DNRWNbLo6LZ0iLs8+mlH53w=
-github.com/fatih/color v1.13.0/go.mod h1:kLAiJbzzSOZDVNGyDpeOxJ47H46qBXwg5ILebYFFOfk=
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-github.com/gliderlabs/ssh v0.2.2/go.mod h1:U7qILu1NlMHj9FlMhZLlkCdDnU1DBEAqr0aevW3Awn0=
-github.com/globalsign/mgo v0.0.0-20180905125535-1ca0a4f7cbcb/go.mod h1:xkRDCp4j0OGD1HRkm4kmhM+pmpv3AKq5SU7GMg4oO/Q=
-github.com/go-openapi/analysis v0.0.0-20180825180245-b006789cd277/go.mod h1:k70tL6pCuVxPJOHXQ+wIac1FUrvNkHolPie/cLEU6hI=
-github.com/go-openapi/analysis v0.17.0/go.mod h1:IowGgpVeD0vNm45So8nr+IcQ3pxVtpRoBWb8PVZO0ik=
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+golang.org/x/text v0.8.0/go.mod h1:e1OnstbJyHTd6l/uOt8jFFHp6TRDWZR/bV3emEE/zU8=
+golang.org/x/text v0.31.0 h1:aC8ghyu4JhP8VojJ2lEHBnochRno1sgL6nEi9WGFGMM=
+golang.org/x/text v0.31.0/go.mod h1:tKRAlv61yKIjGGHX/4tP1LTbc13YSec1pxVEWXzfoeM=
+golang.org/x/time v0.3.0 h1:rg5rLMjNzMS1RkNLzCG38eapWhnYLFYXDXj2gOlr8j4=
+golang.org/x/time v0.3.0/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190729092621-ff9f1409240a/go.mod h1:jcCCGcm9btYwXyDqrUWc6MKQKKGJCWEQ3AfLSRIbEuI=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191119224855-298f0cb1881e/go.mod h1:b+2E5dAYhXwXZwtnZ6UAqBI28+e2cm9otk0dWdXHAEo=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191216052735-49a3e744a425/go.mod h1:TB2adYChydJhpapKDTa4BR/hXlZSLoq2Wpct/0txZ28=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.1.0/go.mod h1:xkSsbof2nBLbhDlRMhhhyNLN/zl3eTqcnHD5viDpcZ0=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.1.1/go.mod h1:o0xws9oXOQQZyjljx8fwUC0k7L1pTE6eaCbjGeHmOkk=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.1.12/go.mod h1:hNGJHUnrk76NpqgfD5Aqm5Crs+Hm0VOH/i9J2+nxYbc=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.38.0 h1:Hx2Xv8hISq8Lm16jvBZ2VQf+RLmbd7wVUsALibYI/IQ=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.38.0/go.mod h1:yEsQ/d/YK8cjh0L6rZlY8tgtlKiBNTL14pGDJPJpYQs=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
-golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
-golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1 h1:go1bK/D/BFZV2I8cIQd1NKEZ+0owSTG1fDTci4IqFcE=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
-golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20210427022245-097af6e1351b/go.mod h1:a057zjmoc00UN7gVkaJt2sXVK523kMJcogDTEvPIasg=
+golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2 h1:B82qJJgjvYKsXS9jeunTOisW56dUokqW/FOteYJJ/yg=
-golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20210805125648-3957e9b9dd19 h1:ab2jcw2W91Rz07eHAb8Lic7sFQKO0NhBftjv6m/gL/0=
+golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2/go.mod h1:deeaetjYA+DHMHg+sMSMI58GrEteJUUzzw7en6TJQcI=
-golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20210805125648-3957e9b9dd19/go.mod h1:laHzsbfMhGSobUmruXWAyMKKHSqvIcrqZJMyHD+/3O8=
+golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20231211153847-12269c276173 h1:/jFs0duh4rdb8uIfPMv78iAJGcPKDeqAFnaLBropIC4=
-golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20210803171230-4253848d036c h1:ADNrRDI5NR23/TUCnEmlLZLt4u9DnZ2nwRkPrAcFvto=
+golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20231211153847-12269c276173/go.mod h1:tkCQ4FQXmpAgYVh++1cq16/dH4QJtmvpRv19DWGAHSA=
-golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20210803171230-4253848d036c/go.mod h1:+1XihzyZUBJcSc5WO9SwNA7v26puQwOEDwanaxfNXPQ=
+golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6 h1:CawjfCvYQH2OU3/TnxLx97WDSUDRABfT18pCOYwc2GE=
+golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6/go.mod h1:3rxYc4HtVcSG9gVaTs2GEBdehh+sYPOwKtyUWEOTb80=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.35.1 h1:m3LfL6/Ca+fqnjnlqQXNpFPABW1UD7mjh8KO2mKFytA=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.35.1/go.mod h1:9fA7Ob0pmnwhb644+1+CVWFRbNajQ6iRojtC/QF5bRE=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127 h1:qIbj1fsPNlZgppZ+VLlY7N33q108Sa+fhmuc+sWQYwY=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
-gopkg.in/src-d/go-billy.v4 v4.3.2/go.mod h1:nDjArDMp+XMs1aFAESLRjfGSgfvoYN0hDfzEk0GjC98=
+gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 h1:Dgnx+6+nfE+IfzjUEISNeydPJh9AXNNsWbGP9KzCsOA=
-gopkg.in/src-d/go-git-fixtures.v3 v3.5.0/go.mod h1:dLBcvytrw/TYZsNTWCnkNF2DSIlzWYqTe3rJR56Ac7g=
+gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0/go.mod h1:pNLf8WUiyNEtQjuu5G5vTm06TEv9tsIgeAvK8hOrP4k=
-gopkg.in/src-d/go-git.v4 v4.13.1/go.mod h1:nx5NYcxdKxq5fpltdHnPa2Exj4Sx0EclMWZQbYDu2z8=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
-gopkg.in/warnings.v0 v0.1.2/go.mod h1:jksf8JmL6Qr/oQM2OXTHunEvvTAsrWBLb6OOjuVWRNI=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.1/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
+gvisor.dev/gvisor v0.0.0-20230927004350-cbd86285d259 h1:TbRPT0HtzFP3Cno1zZo7yPzEEnfu8EjLfl6IU9VfqkQ=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
+gvisor.dev/gvisor v0.0.0-20230927004350-cbd86285d259/go.mod h1:AVgIgHMwK63XvmAzWG9vLQ41YnVHN0du0tEC46fI7yY=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c h1:dUUwHk2QECo/6vqA44rthZ8ie2QXMNeKRTHCNY2nXvo=
+kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/libcap/cap v1.2.70 h1:QnLPkuDWWbD5C+3DUA2IUXai5TK6w2zff+MAGccqdsw=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/libcap/cap v1.2.70/go.mod h1:/iBwcj9nbLejQitYvUm9caurITQ6WyNHibJk6Q9fiS4=
-inet.af/netaddr v0.0.0-20210511181906-37180328850c/go.mod h1:z0nx+Dh+7N7CC8V5ayHtHGpZpxLQZZxkIaaz6HN65Ls=
+kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/libcap/psx v1.2.70 h1:HsB2G/rEQiYyo1bGoQqHZ/Bvd6x1rERQTNdPr1FyWjI=
-inet.af/netaddr v0.0.0-20210718074554-06ca8145d722 h1:Qws2rZnQudC58cIagVucPQDLmMi3kAXgxscsgD0v6DU=
+kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/libcap/psx v1.2.70/go.mod h1:+l6Ee2F59XiJ2I6WR5ObpC1utCQJZ/VLsEbQCD8RG24=
-inet.af/netaddr v0.0.0-20210718074554-06ca8145d722/go.mod h1:z0nx+Dh+7N7CC8V5ayHtHGpZpxLQZZxkIaaz6HN65Ls=

internal/alpine/alpine.go

@@ -1,17 +1,9 @@
-// Package alpine defines a configurator to interact with the Alpine operating system.
 package alpine
 
 import (
 	"os/user"
 )
 
-var _ Alpiner = (*Alpine)(nil)
-
-type Alpiner interface {
-	UserCreater
-	VersionGetter
-}
-
 type Alpine struct {
 	alpineReleasePath string
 	passwdPath        string

internal/alpine/users.go

@@ -3,18 +3,13 @@ package alpine
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
 	"os"
 	"os/user"
 	"strconv"
 )
 
-var (
+var ErrUserAlreadyExists = errors.New("user already exists")
-	ErrUserAlreadyExists = errors.New("user already exists")
-)
-
-type UserCreater interface {
-	CreateUser(username string, uid int) (createdUsername string, err error)
-}
 
 // CreateUser creates a user in Alpine with the given UID.
 func (a *Alpine) CreateUser(username string, uid int) (createdUsername string, err error) {
@@ -43,7 +38,8 @@ func (a *Alpine) CreateUser(username string, uid int) (createdUsername string, e
 			ErrUserAlreadyExists, username, u.Uid, uid)
 	}
 
-	file, err := os.OpenFile(a.passwdPath, os.O_APPEND|os.O_WRONLY, 0644)
+	const permission = fs.FileMode(0o644)
+	file, err := os.OpenFile(a.passwdPath, os.O_APPEND|os.O_WRONLY, permission)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}

internal/alpine/version.go

@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 )
 
-type VersionGetter interface {
+func (a *Alpine) Version(context.Context) (version string, err error) {
-	Version(ctx context.Context) (version string, err error)
-}
-
-func (a *Alpine) Version(ctx context.Context) (version string, err error) {
 	file, err := os.OpenFile(a.alpineReleasePath, os.O_RDONLY, 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err

internal/cli/ci.go

@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@ package cli
 
 import "context"
 
-func (c *CLI) CI(context context.Context) error {
+func (c *CLI) CI(context.Context) error {
 	return nil
 }

internal/cli/cli.go

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
-// Package cli defines an interface CLI to run command line operations.
 package cli
 
-var _ CLIer = (*CLI)(nil)
-
-type CLIer interface {
-	ClientKeyFormatter
-	HealthChecker
-	OpenvpnConfigMaker
-	Updater
-	ServersFormatter
-}
-
 type CLI struct {
 	repoServersPath string
 }

internal/cli/clientkey.go

@@ -6,17 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
 )
 
-type ClientKeyFormatter interface {
-	ClientKey(args []string) error
-}
-
 func (c *CLI) ClientKey(args []string) error {
 	flagSet := flag.NewFlagSet("clientkey", flag.ExitOnError)
-	filepath := flagSet.String("path", constants.ClientKey, "file path to the client.key file")
+	const openVPNClientKeyPath = "/gluetun/client.key" // TODO deduplicate?
+	filepath := flagSet.String("path", openVPNClientKeyPath, "file path to the client.key file")
 	if err := flagSet.Parse(args); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -32,9 +27,6 @@ func (c *CLI) ClientKey(args []string) error {
 	if err := file.Close(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
 	s := string(data)
 	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "\n", "")
 	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "\r", "")

internal/cli/formatservers.go

@@ -4,129 +4,109 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/providers"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/storage"
+	"golang.org/x/text/cases"
+	"golang.org/x/text/language"
 )
 
-type ServersFormatter interface {
-	FormatServers(args []string) error
-}
-
 var (
-	ErrFormatNotRecognized = errors.New("format is not recognized")
+	ErrProviderUnspecified       = errors.New("VPN provider to format was not specified")
-	ErrProviderUnspecified = errors.New("VPN provider to format was not specified")
+	ErrMultipleProvidersToFormat = errors.New("more than one VPN provider to format were specified")
-	ErrOpenOutputFile      = errors.New("cannot open output file")
-	ErrWriteOutput         = errors.New("cannot write to output file")
-	ErrCloseOutputFile     = errors.New("cannot close output file")
 )
 
+func addProviderFlag(flagSet *flag.FlagSet, providerToFormat map[string]*bool,
+	provider string, titleCaser cases.Caser,
+) {
+	boolPtr, ok := providerToFormat[provider]
+	if !ok {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("unknown provider in format map: %s", provider))
+	}
+	flagSet.BoolVar(boolPtr, provider, false, "Format "+titleCaser.String(provider)+" servers")
+}
+
 func (c *CLI) FormatServers(args []string) error {
 	var format, output string
-	var cyberghost, expressvpn, fastestvpn, hideMyAss, ipvanish, ivpn, mullvad,
+	allProviders := providers.All()
-		nordvpn, perfectPrivacy, pia, privado, privatevpn, protonvpn, purevpn, surfshark,
+	allProviderFlags := make([]string, len(allProviders))
-		torguard, vpnUnlimited, vyprvpn, wevpn, windscribe bool
+	for i, provider := range allProviders {
-	flagSet := flag.NewFlagSet("markdown", flag.ExitOnError)
+		allProviderFlags[i] = strings.ReplaceAll(provider, " ", "-")
-	flagSet.StringVar(&format, "format", "markdown", "Format to use which can be: 'markdown'")
+	}
+
+	providersToFormat := make(map[string]*bool, len(allProviders))
+	for _, provider := range allProviderFlags {
+		providersToFormat[provider] = new(bool)
+	}
+	flagSet := flag.NewFlagSet("format-servers", flag.ExitOnError)
+	flagSet.StringVar(&format, "format", "markdown", "Format to use which can be: 'markdown' or 'json'")
 	flagSet.StringVar(&output, "output", "/dev/stdout", "Output file to write the formatted data to")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&cyberghost, "cyberghost", false, "Format Cyberghost servers")
+	titleCaser := cases.Title(language.English)
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&expressvpn, "expressvpn", false, "Format ExpressVPN servers")
+	for _, provider := range allProviderFlags {
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&fastestvpn, "fastestvpn", false, "Format FastestVPN servers")
+		addProviderFlag(flagSet, providersToFormat, provider, titleCaser)
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&hideMyAss, "hidemyass", false, "Format HideMyAss servers")
+	}
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&ipvanish, "ipvanish", false, "Format IpVanish servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&ivpn, "ivpn", false, "Format IVPN servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&mullvad, "mullvad", false, "Format Mullvad servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&nordvpn, "nordvpn", false, "Format Nordvpn servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&perfectPrivacy, "perfectprivacy", false, "Format Perfect Privacy servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&pia, "pia", false, "Format Private Internet Access servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&privado, "privado", false, "Format Privado servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&privatevpn, "privatevpn", false, "Format Private VPN servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&protonvpn, "protonvpn", false, "Format Protonvpn servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&purevpn, "purevpn", false, "Format Purevpn servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&surfshark, "surfshark", false, "Format Surfshark servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&torguard, "torguard", false, "Format Torguard servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&vpnUnlimited, "vpnunlimited", false, "Format VPN Unlimited servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&vyprvpn, "vyprvpn", false, "Format Vyprvpn servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&wevpn, "wevpn", false, "Format WeVPN servers")
-	flagSet.BoolVar(&windscribe, "windscribe", false, "Format Windscribe servers")
 	if err := flagSet.Parse(args); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if format != "markdown" {
+	// Note the format is validated by storage.Format
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrFormatNotRecognized, format)
+
+	// Verify only one provider is set to be formatted.
+	var providers []string
+	for provider, formatPtr := range providersToFormat {
+		if *formatPtr {
+			providers = append(providers, provider)
+		}
+	}
+	switch len(providers) {
+	case 0:
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrProviderUnspecified)
+	case 1:
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %d specified: %s",
+			ErrMultipleProvidersToFormat, len(providers),
+			strings.Join(providers, ", "))
+	}
+
+	var providerToFormat string
+	for _, providerToFormat = range allProviders {
+		if strings.ReplaceAll(providerToFormat, " ", "-") == providers[0] {
+			break
+		}
 	}
 
 	logger := newNoopLogger()
 	storage, err := storage.New(logger, constants.ServersData)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrNewStorage, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating servers storage: %w", err)
 	}
-	currentServers := storage.GetServers()
 
-	var formatted string
+	formatted, err := storage.Format(providerToFormat, format)
-	switch {
+	if err != nil {
-	case cyberghost:
+		return fmt.Errorf("formatting servers: %w", err)
-		formatted = currentServers.Cyberghost.ToMarkdown()
-	case expressvpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Expressvpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case fastestvpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Fastestvpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case hideMyAss:
-		formatted = currentServers.HideMyAss.ToMarkdown()
-	case ipvanish:
-		formatted = currentServers.Ipvanish.ToMarkdown()
-	case ivpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Ivpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case mullvad:
-		formatted = currentServers.Mullvad.ToMarkdown()
-	case nordvpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Nordvpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case perfectPrivacy:
-		formatted = currentServers.Perfectprivacy.ToMarkdown()
-	case pia:
-		formatted = currentServers.Pia.ToMarkdown()
-	case privado:
-		formatted = currentServers.Privado.ToMarkdown()
-	case privatevpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Privatevpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case protonvpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Protonvpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case purevpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Purevpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case surfshark:
-		formatted = currentServers.Surfshark.ToMarkdown()
-	case torguard:
-		formatted = currentServers.Torguard.ToMarkdown()
-	case vpnUnlimited:
-		formatted = currentServers.VPNUnlimited.ToMarkdown()
-	case vyprvpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Vyprvpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case wevpn:
-		formatted = currentServers.Wevpn.ToMarkdown()
-	case windscribe:
-		formatted = currentServers.Windscribe.ToMarkdown()
-	default:
-		return ErrProviderUnspecified
 	}
 
 	output = filepath.Clean(output)
-	file, err := os.OpenFile(output, os.O_TRUNC|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0644)
+	const permission = fs.FileMode(0o644)
+	file, err := os.OpenFile(output, os.O_TRUNC|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, permission)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrOpenOutputFile, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("opening output file: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	_, err = fmt.Fprint(file, formatted)
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = file.Close()
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrWriteOutput, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("writing to output file: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	err = file.Close()
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrCloseOutputFile, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("closing output file: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil

internal/cli/genkey.go

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+func (c *CLI) GenKey(args []string) (err error) {
+	flagSet := flag.NewFlagSet("genkey", flag.ExitOnError)
+	err = flagSet.Parse(args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("parsing flags: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	const keyLength = 128 / 8
+	keyBytes := make([]byte, keyLength)
+
+	_, _ = rand.Read(keyBytes)
+
+	key := base58Encode(keyBytes)
+	fmt.Println(key)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func base58Encode(data []byte) string {
+	const alphabet = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+	const radix = 58
+
+	zcount := 0
+	for zcount < len(data) && data[zcount] == 0 {
+		zcount++
+	}
+
+	// integer simplification of ceil(log(256)/log(58))
+	ceilLog256Div58 := (len(data)-zcount)*555/406 + 1 //nolint:mnd
+	size := zcount + ceilLog256Div58
+
+	output := make([]byte, size)
+
+	high := size - 1
+	for _, b := range data {
+		i := size - 1
+		for carry := uint32(b); i > high || carry != 0; i-- {
+			carry += 256 * uint32(output[i]) //nolint:mnd
+			output[i] = byte(carry % radix)
+			carry /= radix
+		}
+		high = i
+	}
+
+	// Determine the additional "zero-gap" in the output buffer
+	additionalZeroGapEnd := zcount
+	for additionalZeroGapEnd < size && output[additionalZeroGapEnd] == 0 {
+		additionalZeroGapEnd++
+	}
+
+	val := output[additionalZeroGapEnd-zcount:]
+	size = len(val)
+	for i := range val {
+		output[i] = alphabet[val[i]]
+	}
+
+	return string(output[:size])
+}

internal/cli/healthcheck.go

@@ -6,21 +6,21 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/sources"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/healthcheck"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 )
 
-type HealthChecker interface {
+func (c *CLI) HealthCheck(ctx context.Context, reader *reader.Reader, _ Warner) (err error) {
-	HealthCheck(ctx context.Context, source sources.Source, warner Warner) error
-}
-
-func (c *CLI) HealthCheck(ctx context.Context, source sources.Source, warner Warner) error {
 	// Extract the health server port from the configuration.
-	config, err := source.ReadHealth()
+	var config settings.Health
+	err = config.Read(reader)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	config.SetDefaults()
+
 	err = config.Validate()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err

internal/cli/interfaces.go

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-package sources
+package cli
 
 import "github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings"
 
 type Source interface {
 	Read() (settings settings.Settings, err error)
-	ReadHealth() (settings settings.Health, err error)
+	ReadHealth() (health settings.Health, err error)
+	String() string
 }

internal/cli/nooplogger.go

@@ -1,16 +1,9 @@
 package cli
 
-import "github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
-
 type noopLogger struct{}
 
 func newNoopLogger() *noopLogger {
 	return new(noopLogger)
 }
 
-func (l *noopLogger) Debug(s string)                 {}
+func (l *noopLogger) Info(string) {}
-func (l *noopLogger) Info(s string)                  {}
-func (l *noopLogger) Warn(s string)                  {}
-func (l *noopLogger) Error(s string)                 {}
-func (l *noopLogger) PatchLevel(level logging.Level) {}
-func (l *noopLogger) PatchPrefix(prefix string)      {}

internal/cli/openvpnconfig.go

@@ -1,50 +1,91 @@
 package cli
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/netip"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/sources"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/openvpn/extract"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/provider"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/storage"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/updater/resolver"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 )
 
-type OpenvpnConfigMaker interface {
-	OpenvpnConfig(logger OpenvpnConfigLogger, source sources.Source) error
-}
-
 type OpenvpnConfigLogger interface {
 	Info(s string)
 	Warn(s string)
 }
 
-func (c *CLI) OpenvpnConfig(logger OpenvpnConfigLogger, source sources.Source) error {
+type Unzipper interface {
+	FetchAndExtract(ctx context.Context, url string) (
+		contents map[string][]byte, err error)
+}
+
+type ParallelResolver interface {
+	Resolve(ctx context.Context, settings resolver.ParallelSettings) (
+		hostToIPs map[string][]netip.Addr, warnings []string, err error)
+}
+
+type IPFetcher interface {
+	String() string
+	CanFetchAnyIP() bool
+	FetchInfo(ctx context.Context, ip netip.Addr) (data models.PublicIP, err error)
+}
+
+type IPv6Checker interface {
+	IsIPv6Supported() (supported bool, err error)
+}
+
+func (c *CLI) OpenvpnConfig(logger OpenvpnConfigLogger, reader *reader.Reader,
+	ipv6Checker IPv6Checker,
+) error {
 	storage, err := storage.New(logger, constants.ServersData)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	allServers := storage.GetServers()
 
-	allSettings, err := source.Read()
+	var allSettings settings.Settings
+	err = allSettings.Read(reader, logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	allSettings.SetDefaults()
+
+	ipv6Supported, err := ipv6Checker.IsIPv6Supported()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("checking for IPv6 support: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err = allSettings.Validate(storage, ipv6Supported, logger); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("validating settings: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Unused by this CLI command
+	unzipper := (Unzipper)(nil)
+	client := (*http.Client)(nil)
+	warner := (Warner)(nil)
+	parallelResolver := (ParallelResolver)(nil)
+	ipFetcher := (IPFetcher)(nil)
+	openvpnFileExtractor := extract.New()
+
+	providers := provider.NewProviders(storage, time.Now, warner, client,
+		unzipper, parallelResolver, ipFetcher, openvpnFileExtractor, allSettings.Updater)
+	providerConf := providers.Get(allSettings.VPN.Provider.Name)
+	connection, err := providerConf.GetConnection(
+		allSettings.VPN.Provider.ServerSelection, ipv6Supported)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err = allSettings.Validate(allServers); err != nil {
+	lines := providerConf.OpenVPNConfig(connection,
-		return err
+		allSettings.VPN.OpenVPN, ipv6Supported)
-	}
-
-	providerConf := provider.New(*allSettings.VPN.Provider.Name, allServers, time.Now)
-	connection, err := providerConf.GetConnection(allSettings.VPN.Provider.ServerSelection)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	lines, err := providerConf.BuildConf(connection, allSettings.VPN.OpenVPN)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
 
 	fmt.Println(strings.Join(lines, "\n"))
 	return nil

internal/cli/update.go

@@ -2,131 +2,122 @@ package cli
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
-	"net"
 	"net/http"
-	"os"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/providers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/openvpn/extract"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/provider"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/publicip/api"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/storage"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/updater"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/updater/resolver"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/updater/unzip"
 )
 
 var (
-	ErrModeUnspecified         = errors.New("at least one of -enduser or -maintainer must be specified")
+	ErrModeUnspecified     = errors.New("at least one of -enduser or -maintainer must be specified")
-	ErrDNSAddress              = errors.New("DNS address is not valid")
+	ErrNoProviderSpecified = errors.New("no provider was specified")
-	ErrNoProviderSpecified     = errors.New("no provider was specified")
+	ErrUsernameMissing     = errors.New("username is required for this provider")
-	ErrNewStorage              = errors.New("cannot create storage")
+	ErrPasswordMissing     = errors.New("password is required for this provider")
-	ErrUpdateServerInformation = errors.New("cannot update server information")
-	ErrWriteToFile             = errors.New("cannot write updated information to file")
 )
 
-type Updater interface {
-	Update(ctx context.Context, args []string, logger UpdaterLogger) error
-}
-
 type UpdaterLogger interface {
 	Info(s string)
 	Warn(s string)
 	Error(s string)
 }
 
-func boolPtr(b bool) *bool { return &b }
-
 func (c *CLI) Update(ctx context.Context, args []string, logger UpdaterLogger) error {
-	options := settings.Updater{CLI: boolPtr(true)}
+	options := settings.Updater{}
 	var endUserMode, maintainerMode, updateAll bool
-	var dnsAddress, csvProviders string
+	var csvProviders, ipToken, protonUsername, protonPassword string
 	flagSet := flag.NewFlagSet("update", flag.ExitOnError)
 	flagSet.BoolVar(&endUserMode, "enduser", false, "Write results to /gluetun/servers.json (for end users)")
 	flagSet.BoolVar(&maintainerMode, "maintainer", false,
 		"Write results to ./internal/storage/servers.json to modify the program (for maintainers)")
-	flagSet.StringVar(&dnsAddress, "dns", "8.8.8.8", "DNS resolver address to use")
+	flagSet.StringVar(&options.DNSAddress, "dns", "8.8.8.8", "DNS resolver address to use")
+	const defaultMinRatio = 0.8
+	flagSet.Float64Var(&options.MinRatio, "minratio", defaultMinRatio,
+		"Minimum ratio of servers to find for the update to succeed")
 	flagSet.BoolVar(&updateAll, "all", false, "Update servers for all VPN providers")
 	flagSet.StringVar(&csvProviders, "providers", "", "CSV string of VPN providers to update server data for")
+	flagSet.StringVar(&ipToken, "ip-token", "", "IP data service token (e.g. ipinfo.io) to use")
+	flagSet.StringVar(&protonUsername, "proton-username", "", "Username to use to authenticate with Proton")
+	flagSet.StringVar(&protonPassword, "proton-password", "", "Password to use to authenticate with Proton")
 	if err := flagSet.Parse(args); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	if !endUserMode && !maintainerMode {
-		return ErrModeUnspecified
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrModeUnspecified)
-	}
-
-	options.DNSAddress = net.ParseIP(dnsAddress)
-	if options.DNSAddress == nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrDNSAddress, dnsAddress)
 	}
 
 	if updateAll {
-		for _, provider := range constants.AllProviders() {
+		options.Providers = providers.All()
-			if provider == constants.Custom {
-				continue
-			}
-			options.Providers = append(options.Providers, provider)
-		}
 	} else {
 		if csvProviders == "" {
-			return ErrNoProviderSpecified
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrNoProviderSpecified)
 		}
 		options.Providers = strings.Split(csvProviders, ",")
 	}
 
-	options.SetDefaults()
+	if slices.Contains(options.Providers, providers.Protonvpn) {
+		options.ProtonUsername = &protonUsername
+		options.ProtonPassword = &protonPassword
+	}
+
+	options.SetDefaults(options.Providers[0])
 
 	err := options.Validate()
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("options validation failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	const clientTimeout = 10 * time.Second
-	httpClient := &http.Client{Timeout: clientTimeout}
-
 	storage, err := storage.New(logger, constants.ServersData)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrNewStorage, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating servers storage: %w", err)
 	}
-	currentServers := storage.GetServers()
 
-	updater := updater.New(options, httpClient, currentServers, logger)
+	const clientTimeout = 10 * time.Second
-	allServers, err := updater.UpdateServers(ctx)
+	httpClient := &http.Client{Timeout: clientTimeout}
+	unzipper := unzip.New(httpClient)
+	parallelResolver := resolver.NewParallelResolver(options.DNSAddress)
+	nameTokenPairs := []api.NameToken{
+		{Name: string(api.IPInfo), Token: ipToken},
+		{Name: string(api.IP2Location)},
+		{Name: string(api.IfConfigCo)},
+	}
+	fetchers, err := api.New(nameTokenPairs, httpClient)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrUpdateServerInformation, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("creating public IP fetchers: %w", err)
 	}
+	ipFetcher := api.NewResilient(fetchers, logger)
 
-	if endUserMode {
+	openvpnFileExtractor := extract.New()
-		if err := storage.FlushToFile(allServers); err != nil {
+
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrWriteToFile, err)
+	providers := provider.NewProviders(storage, time.Now, logger, httpClient,
-		}
+		unzipper, parallelResolver, ipFetcher, openvpnFileExtractor, options)
+
+	updater := updater.New(httpClient, storage, providers, logger)
+	err = updater.UpdateServers(ctx, options.Providers, options.MinRatio)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("updating server information: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if maintainerMode {
-		if err := writeToEmbeddedJSON(c.repoServersPath, allServers); err != nil {
+		err := storage.FlushToFile(c.repoServersPath)
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrWriteToFile, err)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("writing servers data to embedded JSON file: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func writeToEmbeddedJSON(repoServersPath string,
-	allServers models.AllServers) error {
-	const perms = 0600
-	f, err := os.OpenFile(repoServersPath,
-		os.O_TRUNC|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, perms)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	defer f.Close()
-
-	encoder := json.NewEncoder(f)
-	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
-	return encoder.Encode(allServers)
-}

internal/command/cmder.go

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package command
+
+// Cmder handles running subprograms synchronously and asynchronously.
+type Cmder struct{}
+
+func New() *Cmder {
+	return &Cmder{}
+}

internal/command/interfaces_local.go

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package command
+
+import "io"
+
+type execCmd interface {
+	CombinedOutput() ([]byte, error)
+	StdoutPipe() (io.ReadCloser, error)
+	StderrPipe() (io.ReadCloser, error)
+	Start() error
+	Wait() error
+}

internal/command/mocks_generate_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+package command
+
+//go:generate mockgen -destination=mocks_local_test.go -package=$GOPACKAGE -source=interfaces_local.go

internal/command/mocks_local_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// Code generated by MockGen. DO NOT EDIT.
+// Source: interfaces_local.go
+
+// Package command is a generated GoMock package.
+package command
+
+import (
+	io "io"
+	reflect "reflect"
+
+	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+)
+
+// MockexecCmd is a mock of execCmd interface.
+type MockexecCmd struct {
+	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
+	recorder *MockexecCmdMockRecorder
+}
+
+// MockexecCmdMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockexecCmd.
+type MockexecCmdMockRecorder struct {
+	mock *MockexecCmd
+}
+
+// NewMockexecCmd creates a new mock instance.
+func NewMockexecCmd(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockexecCmd {
+	mock := &MockexecCmd{ctrl: ctrl}
+	mock.recorder = &MockexecCmdMockRecorder{mock}
+	return mock
+}
+
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
+func (m *MockexecCmd) EXPECT() *MockexecCmdMockRecorder {
+	return m.recorder
+}
+
+// CombinedOutput mocks base method.
+func (m *MockexecCmd) CombinedOutput() ([]byte, error) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "CombinedOutput")
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].([]byte)
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
+	return ret0, ret1
+}
+
+// CombinedOutput indicates an expected call of CombinedOutput.
+func (mr *MockexecCmdMockRecorder) CombinedOutput() *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "CombinedOutput", reflect.TypeOf((*MockexecCmd)(nil).CombinedOutput))
+}
+
+// Start mocks base method.
+func (m *MockexecCmd) Start() error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Start")
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// Start indicates an expected call of Start.
+func (mr *MockexecCmdMockRecorder) Start() *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Start", reflect.TypeOf((*MockexecCmd)(nil).Start))
+}
+
+// StderrPipe mocks base method.
+func (m *MockexecCmd) StderrPipe() (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "StderrPipe")
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(io.ReadCloser)
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
+	return ret0, ret1
+}
+
+// StderrPipe indicates an expected call of StderrPipe.
+func (mr *MockexecCmdMockRecorder) StderrPipe() *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "StderrPipe", reflect.TypeOf((*MockexecCmd)(nil).StderrPipe))
+}
+
+// StdoutPipe mocks base method.
+func (m *MockexecCmd) StdoutPipe() (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "StdoutPipe")
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(io.ReadCloser)
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
+	return ret0, ret1
+}
+
+// StdoutPipe indicates an expected call of StdoutPipe.
+func (mr *MockexecCmdMockRecorder) StdoutPipe() *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "StdoutPipe", reflect.TypeOf((*MockexecCmd)(nil).StdoutPipe))
+}
+
+// Wait mocks base method.
+func (m *MockexecCmd) Wait() error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Wait")
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// Wait indicates an expected call of Wait.
+func (mr *MockexecCmdMockRecorder) Wait() *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Wait", reflect.TypeOf((*MockexecCmd)(nil).Wait))
+}

internal/command/run.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"os/exec"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Run runs a command in a blocking manner, returning its output and
+// an error if it failed.
+func (c *Cmder) Run(cmd *exec.Cmd) (output string, err error) {
+	return run(cmd)
+}
+
+func run(cmd execCmd) (output string, err error) {
+	stdout, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	output = string(stdout)
+	output = strings.TrimSuffix(output, "\n")
+	lines := stringToLines(output)
+	for i := range lines {
+		lines[i] = strings.TrimPrefix(lines[i], "'")
+		lines[i] = strings.TrimSuffix(lines[i], "'")
+	}
+	output = strings.Join(lines, "\n")
+	return output, err
+}
+
+func stringToLines(s string) (lines []string) {
+	s = strings.TrimSuffix(s, "\n")
+	return strings.Split(s, "\n")
+}

internal/command/run_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+
+	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func Test_run(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	errDummy := errors.New("dummy")
+
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		stdout []byte
+		cmdErr error
+		output string
+		err    error
+	}{
+		"no output": {},
+		"cmd error": {
+			stdout: []byte("'hello \nworld'\n"),
+			cmdErr: errDummy,
+			output: "hello \nworld",
+			err:    errDummy,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for name, testCase := range testCases {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
+
+			mockCmd := NewMockexecCmd(ctrl)
+
+			mockCmd.EXPECT().CombinedOutput().Return(testCase.stdout, testCase.cmdErr)
+
+			output, err := run(mockCmd)
+
+			if testCase.err != nil {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				assert.Equal(t, testCase.err.Error(), err.Error())
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err)
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(t, testCase.output, output)
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/command/split.go

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+)
+
+var (
+	ErrCommandEmpty            = errors.New("command is empty")
+	ErrSingleQuoteUnterminated = errors.New("unterminated single-quoted string")
+	ErrDoubleQuoteUnterminated = errors.New("unterminated double-quoted string")
+	ErrEscapeUnterminated      = errors.New("unterminated backslash-escape")
+)
+
+// Split splits a command string into a slice of arguments.
+// This is especially important for commands such as:
+// /bin/sh -c "echo hello"
+// which should be split into: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "echo hello"]
+// It supports backslash-escapes, single-quotes and double-quotes.
+// It does not support:
+// - the $" quoting style.
+// - expansion (brace, shell or pathname).
+func Split(command string) (words []string, err error) {
+	if command == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrCommandEmpty)
+	}
+
+	const bufferSize = 1024
+	buffer := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, bufferSize))
+
+	startIndex := 0
+
+	for startIndex < len(command) {
+		// skip any split characters at the start
+		character, runeSize := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(command[startIndex:])
+		switch {
+		case strings.ContainsRune(" \n\t", character):
+			startIndex += runeSize
+		case character == '\\':
+			// Look ahead to eventually skip an escaped newline
+			if command[startIndex+runeSize:] == "" {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %q", ErrEscapeUnterminated, command)
+			}
+			character, runeSize := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(command[startIndex+runeSize:])
+			if character == '\n' {
+				startIndex += runeSize + runeSize // backslash and newline
+			}
+		default:
+			var word string
+			buffer.Reset()
+			word, startIndex, err = splitWord(command, startIndex, buffer)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("splitting word in %q: %w", command, err)
+			}
+			words = append(words, word)
+		}
+	}
+	return words, nil
+}
+
+// WARNING: buffer must be cleared before calling this function.
+func splitWord(input string, startIndex int, buffer *bytes.Buffer) (
+	word string, newStartIndex int, err error,
+) {
+	cursor := startIndex
+	for cursor < len(input) {
+		character, runeLength := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(input[cursor:])
+		cursor += runeLength
+		if character == '"' ||
+			character == '\'' ||
+			character == '\\' ||
+			character == ' ' ||
+			character == '\n' ||
+			character == '\t' {
+			buffer.WriteString(input[startIndex : cursor-runeLength])
+		}
+
+		switch {
+		case strings.ContainsRune(" \n\t", character): // spacing character
+			return buffer.String(), cursor, nil
+		case character == '"':
+			return handleDoubleQuoted(input, cursor, buffer)
+		case character == '\'':
+			return handleSingleQuoted(input, cursor, buffer)
+		case character == '\\':
+			return handleEscaped(input, cursor, buffer)
+		}
+	}
+
+	buffer.WriteString(input[startIndex:])
+	return buffer.String(), len(input), nil
+}
+
+func handleDoubleQuoted(input string, startIndex int, buffer *bytes.Buffer) (
+	word string, newStartIndex int, err error,
+) {
+	cursor := startIndex
+	for cursor < len(input) {
+		nextCharacter, nextRuneLength := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(input[cursor:])
+		cursor += nextRuneLength
+		switch nextCharacter {
+		case '"': // end of the double quoted string
+			buffer.WriteString(input[startIndex : cursor-nextRuneLength])
+			return splitWord(input, cursor, buffer)
+		case '\\': // escaped character
+			escapedCharacter, escapedRuneLength := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(input[cursor:])
+			cursor += escapedRuneLength
+			if !strings.ContainsRune("$`\"\n\\", escapedCharacter) {
+				break
+			}
+			buffer.WriteString(input[startIndex : cursor-nextRuneLength-escapedRuneLength])
+			if escapedCharacter != '\n' {
+				// skip backslash entirely for the newline character
+				buffer.WriteRune(escapedCharacter)
+			}
+			startIndex = cursor
+		}
+	}
+	return "", 0, fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrDoubleQuoteUnterminated)
+}
+
+func handleSingleQuoted(input string, startIndex int, buffer *bytes.Buffer) (
+	word string, newStartIndex int, err error,
+) {
+	closingQuoteIndex := strings.IndexRune(input[startIndex:], '\'')
+	if closingQuoteIndex == -1 {
+		return "", 0, fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrSingleQuoteUnterminated)
+	}
+	buffer.WriteString(input[startIndex : startIndex+closingQuoteIndex])
+	const singleQuoteRuneLength = 1
+	startIndex += closingQuoteIndex + singleQuoteRuneLength
+	return splitWord(input, startIndex, buffer)
+}
+
+func handleEscaped(input string, startIndex int, buffer *bytes.Buffer) (
+	word string, newStartIndex int, err error,
+) {
+	if input[startIndex:] == "" {
+		return "", 0, fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrEscapeUnterminated)
+	}
+	character, runeLength := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(input[startIndex:])
+	if character != '\n' { // backslash-escaped newline is ignored
+		buffer.WriteString(input[startIndex : startIndex+runeLength])
+	}
+	startIndex += runeLength
+	return splitWord(input, startIndex, buffer)
+}

internal/command/split_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func Test_Split(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		command    string
+		words      []string
+		errWrapped error
+		errMessage string
+	}{
+		"empty": {
+			command:    "",
+			errWrapped: ErrCommandEmpty,
+			errMessage: "command is empty",
+		},
+		"concrete_sh_command": {
+			command: `/bin/sh -c "echo 123"`,
+			words:   []string{"/bin/sh", "-c", "echo 123"},
+		},
+		"single_word": {
+			command: "word1",
+			words:   []string{"word1"},
+		},
+		"two_words_single_space": {
+			command: "word1 word2",
+			words:   []string{"word1", "word2"},
+		},
+		"two_words_multiple_space": {
+			command: "word1    word2",
+			words:   []string{"word1", "word2"},
+		},
+		"two_words_no_expansion": {
+			command: "word1*    word2?",
+			words:   []string{"word1*", "word2?"},
+		},
+		"escaped_single quote": {
+			command: "ain\\'t good",
+			words:   []string{"ain't", "good"},
+		},
+		"escaped_single_quote_all_single_quoted": {
+			command: "'ain'\\''t good'",
+			words:   []string{"ain't good"},
+		},
+		"empty_single_quoted": {
+			command: "word1 ''  word2",
+			words:   []string{"word1", "", "word2"},
+		},
+		"escaped_newline": {
+			command: "word1\\\nword2",
+			words:   []string{"word1word2"},
+		},
+		"quoted_newline": {
+			command: "text \"with\na\" quoted newline",
+			words:   []string{"text", "with\na", "quoted", "newline"},
+		},
+		"quoted_escaped_newline": {
+			command: "\"word1\\d\\\\\\\" word2\\\nword3 word4\"",
+			words:   []string{"word1\\d\\\" word2word3 word4"},
+		},
+		"escaped_separated_newline": {
+			command: "word1 \\\n word2",
+			words:   []string{"word1", "word2"},
+		},
+		"double_quotes_no_spacing": {
+			command: "word1\"word2\"word3",
+			words:   []string{"word1word2word3"},
+		},
+		"unterminated_single_quote": {
+			command:    "'abc'\\''def",
+			errWrapped: ErrSingleQuoteUnterminated,
+			errMessage: `splitting word in "'abc'\\''def": unterminated single-quoted string`,
+		},
+		"unterminated_double_quote": {
+			command:    "\"abc'def",
+			errWrapped: ErrDoubleQuoteUnterminated,
+			errMessage: `splitting word in "\"abc'def": unterminated double-quoted string`,
+		},
+		"unterminated_escape": {
+			command:    "abc\\",
+			errWrapped: ErrEscapeUnterminated,
+			errMessage: `splitting word in "abc\\": unterminated backslash-escape`,
+		},
+		"unterminated_escape_only": {
+			command:    "   \\",
+			errWrapped: ErrEscapeUnterminated,
+			errMessage: `unterminated backslash-escape: "   \\"`,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for name, testCase := range testCases {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			words, err := Split(testCase.command)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, testCase.words, words)
+			assert.ErrorIs(t, err, testCase.errWrapped)
+			if testCase.errWrapped != nil {
+				assert.EqualError(t, err, testCase.errMessage)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/command/start.go

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+)
+
+// Start launches a command and streams stdout and stderr to channels.
+// All the channels returned are ready only and won't be closed
+// if the command fails later.
+func (c *Cmder) Start(cmd *exec.Cmd) (
+	stdoutLines, stderrLines <-chan string,
+	waitError <-chan error, startErr error,
+) {
+	return start(cmd)
+}
+
+func start(cmd execCmd) (stdoutLines, stderrLines <-chan string,
+	waitError <-chan error, startErr error,
+) {
+	stop := make(chan struct{})
+	stdoutReady := make(chan struct{})
+	stdoutLinesCh := make(chan string)
+	stdoutDone := make(chan struct{})
+	stderrReady := make(chan struct{})
+	stderrLinesCh := make(chan string)
+	stderrDone := make(chan struct{})
+
+	stdout, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, nil, err
+	}
+	go streamToChannel(stdoutReady, stop, stdoutDone, stdout, stdoutLinesCh)
+
+	stderr, err := cmd.StderrPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = stdout.Close()
+		close(stop)
+		<-stdoutDone
+		return nil, nil, nil, err
+	}
+	go streamToChannel(stderrReady, stop, stderrDone, stderr, stderrLinesCh)
+
+	err = cmd.Start()
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = stdout.Close()
+		_ = stderr.Close()
+		close(stop)
+		<-stdoutDone
+		<-stderrDone
+		return nil, nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	waitErrorCh := make(chan error)
+	go func() {
+		err := cmd.Wait()
+		_ = stdout.Close()
+		_ = stderr.Close()
+		close(stop)
+		<-stdoutDone
+		<-stderrDone
+		waitErrorCh <- err
+	}()
+
+	return stdoutLinesCh, stderrLinesCh, waitErrorCh, nil
+}
+
+func streamToChannel(ready chan<- struct{},
+	stop <-chan struct{}, done chan<- struct{},
+	stream io.Reader, lines chan<- string,
+) {
+	defer close(done)
+	close(ready)
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stream)
+	lineBuffer := make([]byte, bufio.MaxScanTokenSize) // 64KB
+	const maxCapacity = 20 * 1024 * 1024               // 20MB
+	scanner.Buffer(lineBuffer, maxCapacity)
+
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		// scanner is closed if the context is canceled
+		// or if the command failed starting because the
+		// stream is closed (io.EOF error).
+		lines <- scanner.Text()
+	}
+	err := scanner.Err()
+	if err == nil || errors.Is(err, os.ErrClosed) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// ignore the error if it is stopped.
+	select {
+	case <-stop:
+		return
+	default:
+		lines <- "stream error: " + err.Error()
+	}
+}

internal/command/start_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+package command
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func linesToReadCloser(lines []string) io.ReadCloser {
+	s := strings.Join(lines, "\n")
+	return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewBufferString(s))
+}
+
+func Test_start(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	errDummy := errors.New("dummy")
+
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		stdout        []string
+		stdoutPipeErr error
+		stderr        []string
+		stderrPipeErr error
+		startErr      error
+		waitErr       error
+		err           error
+	}{
+		"no output": {},
+		"success": {
+			stdout: []string{"hello", "world"},
+			stderr: []string{"some", "error"},
+		},
+		"stdout pipe error": {
+			stdoutPipeErr: errDummy,
+			err:           errDummy,
+		},
+		"stderr pipe error": {
+			stderrPipeErr: errDummy,
+			err:           errDummy,
+		},
+		"start error": {
+			startErr: errDummy,
+			err:      errDummy,
+		},
+		"wait error": {
+			waitErr: errDummy,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for name, testCase := range testCases {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
+
+			stdout := linesToReadCloser(testCase.stdout)
+			stderr := linesToReadCloser(testCase.stderr)
+
+			mockCmd := NewMockexecCmd(ctrl)
+
+			mockCmd.EXPECT().StdoutPipe().
+				Return(stdout, testCase.stdoutPipeErr)
+			if testCase.stdoutPipeErr == nil {
+				mockCmd.EXPECT().StderrPipe().Return(stderr, testCase.stderrPipeErr)
+				if testCase.stderrPipeErr == nil {
+					mockCmd.EXPECT().Start().Return(testCase.startErr)
+					if testCase.startErr == nil {
+						mockCmd.EXPECT().Wait().Return(testCase.waitErr)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			stdoutLines, stderrLines, waitError, err := start(mockCmd)
+
+			if testCase.err != nil {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+				assert.Equal(t, testCase.err.Error(), err.Error())
+				assert.Nil(t, stdoutLines)
+				assert.Nil(t, stderrLines)
+				assert.Nil(t, waitError)
+				return
+			}
+
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			var stdoutIndex, stderrIndex int
+
+			done := false
+			for !done {
+				select {
+				case line := <-stdoutLines:
+					assert.Equal(t, testCase.stdout[stdoutIndex], line)
+					stdoutIndex++
+				case line := <-stderrLines:
+					assert.Equal(t, testCase.stderr[stderrIndex], line)
+					stderrIndex++
+				case err := <-waitError:
+					if testCase.waitErr != nil {
+						require.Error(t, err)
+						assert.Equal(t, testCase.waitErr.Error(), err.Error())
+					} else {
+						assert.NoError(t, err)
+					}
+					done = true
+				}
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(t, len(testCase.stdout), stdoutIndex)
+			assert.Equal(t, len(testCase.stderr), stderrIndex)
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/configuration/settings/deprecated.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package settings
+
+import (
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"golang.org/x/exp/maps"
+)
+
+func readObsolete(r *reader.Reader) (warnings []string) {
+	keyToMessage := map[string]string{
+		"DOT_VERBOSITY":                "DOT_VERBOSITY is obsolete, use LOG_LEVEL instead.",
+		"DOT_VERBOSITY_DETAILS":        "DOT_VERBOSITY_DETAILS is obsolete because it was specific to Unbound.",
+		"DOT_VALIDATION_LOGLEVEL":      "DOT_VALIDATION_LOGLEVEL is obsolete because DNSSEC validation is not implemented.",
+		"HEALTH_VPN_DURATION_INITIAL":  "HEALTH_VPN_DURATION_INITIAL is obsolete",
+		"HEALTH_VPN_DURATION_ADDITION": "HEALTH_VPN_DURATION_ADDITION is obsolete",
+	}
+	sortedKeys := maps.Keys(keyToMessage)
+	slices.Sort(sortedKeys)
+	warnings = make([]string, 0, len(keyToMessage))
+	for _, key := range sortedKeys {
+		if r.Get(key) != nil {
+			warnings = append(warnings, keyToMessage[key])
+		}
+	}
+	return warnings
+}

internal/configuration/settings/dns.go

@@ -1,37 +1,87 @@
 package settings
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"time"
 
+	"github.com/qdm12/dns/v2/pkg/provider"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
 // DNS contains settings to configure DNS.
 type DNS struct {
+	// ServerEnabled is true if the server should be running
+	// and used. It defaults to true, and cannot be nil
+	// in the internal state.
+	ServerEnabled *bool
+	// UpstreamType can be dot or plain, and defaults to dot.
+	UpstreamType string `json:"upstream_type"`
+	// UpdatePeriod is the period to update DNS block lists.
+	// It can be set to 0 to disable the update.
+	// It defaults to 24h and cannot be nil in
+	// the internal state.
+	UpdatePeriod *time.Duration
+	// Providers is a list of DNS providers
+	Providers []string `json:"providers"`
+	// Caching is true if the server should cache
+	// DNS responses.
+	Caching *bool `json:"caching"`
+	// IPv6 is true if the server should connect over IPv6.
+	IPv6 *bool `json:"ipv6"`
+	// Blacklist contains settings to configure the filter
+	// block lists.
+	Blacklist DNSBlacklist
 	// ServerAddress is the DNS server to use inside
 	// the Go program and for the system.
 	// It defaults to '127.0.0.1' to be used with the
-	// DoT server. It cannot be nil in the internal
+	// local server. It cannot be the zero value in the internal
 	// state.
-	ServerAddress net.IP
+	ServerAddress netip.Addr
-	// KeepNameserver is true if the Docker DNS server
+	// KeepNameserver is true if the existing DNS server
-	// found in /etc/resolv.conf should be kept.
+	// found in /etc/resolv.conf should be used
-	// Note settings this to true will go around the
+	// Note setting this to true will likely DNS traffic
-	// DoT server blocking.
+	// outside the VPN tunnel since it would go through
+	// the local DNS server of your Docker/Kubernetes
+	// configuration, which is likely not going through the tunnel.
+	// This will also disable the DNS forwarder server and the
+	// `ServerAddress` field will be ignored.
 	// It defaults to false and cannot be nil in the
 	// internal state.
 	KeepNameserver *bool
-	// DOT contains settings to configure the DoT
-	// server.
-	DoT DoT
 }
 
+var (
+	ErrDNSUpstreamTypeNotValid = errors.New("DNS upstream type is not valid")
+	ErrDNSUpdatePeriodTooShort = errors.New("update period is too short")
+)
+
 func (d DNS) validate() (err error) {
-	err = d.DoT.validate()
+	if !helpers.IsOneOf(d.UpstreamType, "dot", "doh", "plain") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrDNSUpstreamTypeNotValid, d.UpstreamType)
+	}
+
+	const minUpdatePeriod = 30 * time.Second
+	if *d.UpdatePeriod != 0 && *d.UpdatePeriod < minUpdatePeriod {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s must be bigger than %s",
+			ErrDNSUpdatePeriodTooShort, *d.UpdatePeriod, minUpdatePeriod)
+	}
+
+	providers := provider.NewProviders()
+	for _, providerName := range d.Providers {
+		_, err := providers.Get(providerName)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = d.Blacklist.validate()
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed validating DoT settings: %w", err)
+		return err
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -39,34 +89,64 @@ func (d DNS) validate() (err error) {
 
 func (d *DNS) Copy() (copied DNS) {
 	return DNS{
-		ServerAddress:  helpers.CopyIP(d.ServerAddress),
+		ServerEnabled:  gosettings.CopyPointer(d.ServerEnabled),
-		KeepNameserver: helpers.CopyBoolPtr(d.KeepNameserver),
+		UpstreamType:   d.UpstreamType,
-		DoT:            d.DoT.copy(),
+		UpdatePeriod:   gosettings.CopyPointer(d.UpdatePeriod),
+		Providers:      gosettings.CopySlice(d.Providers),
+		Caching:        gosettings.CopyPointer(d.Caching),
+		IPv6:           gosettings.CopyPointer(d.IPv6),
+		Blacklist:      d.Blacklist.copy(),
+		ServerAddress:  d.ServerAddress,
+		KeepNameserver: gosettings.CopyPointer(d.KeepNameserver),
 	}
 }
 
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-func (d *DNS) mergeWith(other DNS) {
-	d.ServerAddress = helpers.MergeWithIP(d.ServerAddress, other.ServerAddress)
-	d.KeepNameserver = helpers.MergeWithBool(d.KeepNameserver, other.KeepNameserver)
-	d.DoT.mergeWith(other.DoT)
-}
-
 // overrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
 // settings object with any field set in the other
 // settings.
 func (d *DNS) overrideWith(other DNS) {
-	d.ServerAddress = helpers.OverrideWithIP(d.ServerAddress, other.ServerAddress)
+	d.ServerEnabled = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(d.ServerEnabled, other.ServerEnabled)
-	d.KeepNameserver = helpers.OverrideWithBool(d.KeepNameserver, other.KeepNameserver)
+	d.UpstreamType = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(d.UpstreamType, other.UpstreamType)
-	d.DoT.overrideWith(other.DoT)
+	d.UpdatePeriod = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(d.UpdatePeriod, other.UpdatePeriod)
+	d.Providers = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(d.Providers, other.Providers)
+	d.Caching = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(d.Caching, other.Caching)
+	d.IPv6 = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(d.IPv6, other.IPv6)
+	d.Blacklist.overrideWith(other.Blacklist)
+	d.ServerAddress = gosettings.OverrideWithValidator(d.ServerAddress, other.ServerAddress)
+	d.KeepNameserver = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(d.KeepNameserver, other.KeepNameserver)
 }
 
 func (d *DNS) setDefaults() {
-	localhost := net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1) //nolint:gomnd
+	d.ServerEnabled = gosettings.DefaultPointer(d.ServerEnabled, true)
-	d.ServerAddress = helpers.DefaultIP(d.ServerAddress, localhost)
+	d.UpstreamType = gosettings.DefaultComparable(d.UpstreamType, "dot")
-	d.KeepNameserver = helpers.DefaultBool(d.KeepNameserver, false)
+	const defaultUpdatePeriod = 24 * time.Hour
-	d.DoT.setDefaults()
+	d.UpdatePeriod = gosettings.DefaultPointer(d.UpdatePeriod, defaultUpdatePeriod)
+	d.Providers = gosettings.DefaultSlice(d.Providers, []string{
+		provider.Cloudflare().Name,
+	})
+	d.Caching = gosettings.DefaultPointer(d.Caching, true)
+	d.IPv6 = gosettings.DefaultPointer(d.IPv6, false)
+	d.Blacklist.setDefaults()
+	d.ServerAddress = gosettings.DefaultValidator(d.ServerAddress,
+		netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{127, 0, 0, 1}))
+	d.KeepNameserver = gosettings.DefaultPointer(d.KeepNameserver, false)
+}
+
+func (d DNS) GetFirstPlaintextIPv4() (ipv4 netip.Addr) {
+	localhost := netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{127, 0, 0, 1})
+	if d.ServerAddress.Compare(localhost) != 0 && d.ServerAddress.Is4() {
+		return d.ServerAddress
+	}
+
+	providers := provider.NewProviders()
+	provider, err := providers.Get(d.Providers[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		// Settings should be validated before calling this function,
+		// so an error happening here is a programming error.
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	return provider.Plain.IPv4[0].Addr()
 }
 
 func (d DNS) String() string {
@@ -75,8 +155,77 @@ func (d DNS) String() string {
 
 func (d DNS) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("DNS settings:")
+	node.Appendf("Keep existing nameserver(s): %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(d.KeepNameserver))
+	if *d.KeepNameserver {
+		return node
+	}
 	node.Appendf("DNS server address to use: %s", d.ServerAddress)
-	node.Appendf("Keep existing nameserver(s): %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(d.KeepNameserver))
+
-	node.AppendNode(d.DoT.toLinesNode())
+	node.Appendf("DNS forwarder server enabled: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(d.ServerEnabled))
+	if !*d.ServerEnabled {
+		return node
+	}
+
+	node.Appendf("Upstream resolver type: %s", d.UpstreamType)
+
+	upstreamResolvers := node.Append("Upstream resolvers:")
+	for _, provider := range d.Providers {
+		upstreamResolvers.Append(provider)
+	}
+
+	node.Appendf("Caching: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(d.Caching))
+	node.Appendf("IPv6: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(d.IPv6))
+
+	update := "disabled"
+	if *d.UpdatePeriod > 0 {
+		update = "every " + d.UpdatePeriod.String()
+	}
+	node.Appendf("Update period: %s", update)
+
+	node.AppendNode(d.Blacklist.toLinesNode())
+
 	return node
 }
+
+func (d *DNS) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	d.ServerEnabled, err = r.BoolPtr("DNS_SERVER", reader.RetroKeys("DOT"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	d.UpstreamType = r.String("DNS_UPSTREAM_RESOLVER_TYPE")
+
+	d.UpdatePeriod, err = r.DurationPtr("DNS_UPDATE_PERIOD")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	d.Providers = r.CSV("DNS_UPSTREAM_RESOLVERS", reader.RetroKeys("DOT_PROVIDERS"))
+
+	d.Caching, err = r.BoolPtr("DNS_CACHING", reader.RetroKeys("DOT_CACHING"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	d.IPv6, err = r.BoolPtr("DNS_UPSTREAM_IPV6", reader.RetroKeys("DOT_IPV6"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = d.Blacklist.read(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	d.ServerAddress, err = r.NetipAddr("DNS_ADDRESS", reader.RetroKeys("DNS_PLAINTEXT_ADDRESS"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	d.KeepNameserver, err = r.BoolPtr("DNS_KEEP_NAMESERVER")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/dnsblacklist.go

@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@ package settings
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/netip"
 	"regexp"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/dns/pkg/blacklist"
+	"github.com/qdm12/dns/v2/pkg/blockbuilder"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
-	"inet.af/netaddr"
 )
 
 // DNSBlacklist is settings for the DNS blacklist building.
@@ -18,21 +20,25 @@ type DNSBlacklist struct {
 	BlockSurveillance    *bool
 	AllowedHosts         []string
 	AddBlockedHosts      []string
-	AddBlockedIPs        []netaddr.IP
+	AddBlockedIPs        []netip.Addr
-	AddBlockedIPPrefixes []netaddr.IPPrefix
+	AddBlockedIPPrefixes []netip.Prefix
+	// RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames is a list of hostnames
+	// exempt from DNS rebinding protection.
+	RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames []string
 }
 
 func (b *DNSBlacklist) setDefaults() {
-	b.BlockMalicious = helpers.DefaultBool(b.BlockMalicious, true)
+	b.BlockMalicious = gosettings.DefaultPointer(b.BlockMalicious, true)
-	b.BlockAds = helpers.DefaultBool(b.BlockAds, false)
+	b.BlockAds = gosettings.DefaultPointer(b.BlockAds, false)
-	b.BlockSurveillance = helpers.DefaultBool(b.BlockSurveillance, true)
+	b.BlockSurveillance = gosettings.DefaultPointer(b.BlockSurveillance, true)
 }
 
 var hostRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^([a-zA-Z0-9]|[a-zA-Z0-9_][a-zA-Z0-9\-_]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9_])(\.([a-zA-Z0-9]|[a-zA-Z0-9_][a-zA-Z0-9\-_]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9]))*$`) //nolint:lll
 
 var (
-	ErrAllowedHostNotValid = errors.New("allowed host is not valid")
+	ErrAllowedHostNotValid                   = errors.New("allowed host is not valid")
-	ErrBlockedHostNotValid = errors.New("blocked host is not valid")
+	ErrBlockedHostNotValid                   = errors.New("blocked host is not valid")
+	ErrRebindingProtectionExemptHostNotValid = errors.New("rebinding protection exempt host is not valid")
 )
 
 func (b DNSBlacklist) validate() (err error) {
@@ -48,51 +54,53 @@ func (b DNSBlacklist) validate() (err error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	for _, host := range b.RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames {
+		if !hostRegex.MatchString(host) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrRebindingProtectionExemptHostNotValid, host)
+		}
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (b DNSBlacklist) copy() (copied DNSBlacklist) {
 	return DNSBlacklist{
-		BlockMalicious:       helpers.CopyBoolPtr(b.BlockMalicious),
+		BlockMalicious:                     gosettings.CopyPointer(b.BlockMalicious),
-		BlockAds:             helpers.CopyBoolPtr(b.BlockAds),
+		BlockAds:                           gosettings.CopyPointer(b.BlockAds),
-		BlockSurveillance:    helpers.CopyBoolPtr(b.BlockSurveillance),
+		BlockSurveillance:                  gosettings.CopyPointer(b.BlockSurveillance),
-		AllowedHosts:         helpers.CopyStringSlice(b.AllowedHosts),
+		AllowedHosts:                       gosettings.CopySlice(b.AllowedHosts),
-		AddBlockedHosts:      helpers.CopyStringSlice(b.AddBlockedHosts),
+		AddBlockedHosts:                    gosettings.CopySlice(b.AddBlockedHosts),
-		AddBlockedIPs:        helpers.CopyNetaddrIPsSlice(b.AddBlockedIPs),
+		AddBlockedIPs:                      gosettings.CopySlice(b.AddBlockedIPs),
-		AddBlockedIPPrefixes: helpers.CopyIPPrefixSlice(b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes),
+		AddBlockedIPPrefixes:               gosettings.CopySlice(b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes),
+		RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames: gosettings.CopySlice(b.RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames),
 	}
 }
 
-func (b *DNSBlacklist) mergeWith(other DNSBlacklist) {
-	b.BlockMalicious = helpers.MergeWithBool(b.BlockMalicious, other.BlockMalicious)
-	b.BlockAds = helpers.MergeWithBool(b.BlockAds, other.BlockAds)
-	b.BlockSurveillance = helpers.MergeWithBool(b.BlockSurveillance, other.BlockSurveillance)
-	b.AllowedHosts = helpers.MergeStringSlices(b.AllowedHosts, other.AllowedHosts)
-	b.AddBlockedHosts = helpers.MergeStringSlices(b.AddBlockedHosts, other.AddBlockedHosts)
-	b.AddBlockedIPs = helpers.MergeNetaddrIPsSlices(b.AddBlockedIPs, other.AddBlockedIPs)
-	b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes = helpers.MergeIPPrefixesSlices(b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes, other.AddBlockedIPPrefixes)
-}
-
 func (b *DNSBlacklist) overrideWith(other DNSBlacklist) {
-	b.BlockMalicious = helpers.OverrideWithBool(b.BlockMalicious, other.BlockMalicious)
+	b.BlockMalicious = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(b.BlockMalicious, other.BlockMalicious)
-	b.BlockAds = helpers.OverrideWithBool(b.BlockAds, other.BlockAds)
+	b.BlockAds = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(b.BlockAds, other.BlockAds)
-	b.BlockSurveillance = helpers.OverrideWithBool(b.BlockSurveillance, other.BlockSurveillance)
+	b.BlockSurveillance = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(b.BlockSurveillance, other.BlockSurveillance)
-	b.AllowedHosts = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(b.AllowedHosts, other.AllowedHosts)
+	b.AllowedHosts = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(b.AllowedHosts, other.AllowedHosts)
-	b.AddBlockedHosts = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(b.AddBlockedHosts, other.AddBlockedHosts)
+	b.AddBlockedHosts = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(b.AddBlockedHosts, other.AddBlockedHosts)
-	b.AddBlockedIPs = helpers.OverrideWithNetaddrIPsSlice(b.AddBlockedIPs, other.AddBlockedIPs)
+	b.AddBlockedIPs = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(b.AddBlockedIPs, other.AddBlockedIPs)
-	b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes = helpers.OverrideWithIPPrefixesSlice(b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes, other.AddBlockedIPPrefixes)
+	b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes, other.AddBlockedIPPrefixes)
+	b.RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(b.RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames,
+		other.RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames)
 }
 
-func (b DNSBlacklist) ToBlacklistFormat() (settings blacklist.BuilderSettings, err error) {
+func (b DNSBlacklist) ToBlockBuilderSettings(client *http.Client) (
-	return blacklist.BuilderSettings{
+	settings blockbuilder.Settings,
-		BlockMalicious:       *b.BlockMalicious,
+) {
-		BlockAds:             *b.BlockAds,
+	return blockbuilder.Settings{
-		BlockSurveillance:    *b.BlockSurveillance,
+		Client:               client,
+		BlockMalicious:       b.BlockMalicious,
+		BlockAds:             b.BlockAds,
+		BlockSurveillance:    b.BlockSurveillance,
 		AllowedHosts:         b.AllowedHosts,
 		AddBlockedHosts:      b.AddBlockedHosts,
 		AddBlockedIPs:        b.AddBlockedIPs,
 		AddBlockedIPPrefixes: b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes,
-	}, nil
+	}
 }
 
 func (b DNSBlacklist) String() string {
@@ -102,37 +110,130 @@ func (b DNSBlacklist) String() string {
 func (b DNSBlacklist) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("DNS filtering settings:")
 
-	node.Appendf("Block malicious: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(b.BlockMalicious))
+	node.Appendf("Block malicious: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(b.BlockMalicious))
-	node.Appendf("Block ads: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(b.BlockAds))
+	node.Appendf("Block ads: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(b.BlockAds))
-	node.Appendf("Block surveillance: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(b.BlockSurveillance))
+	node.Appendf("Block surveillance: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(b.BlockSurveillance))
 
 	if len(b.AllowedHosts) > 0 {
-		allowedHostsNode := node.Appendf("Allowed hosts:")
+		allowedHostsNode := node.Append("Allowed hosts:")
 		for _, host := range b.AllowedHosts {
-			allowedHostsNode.Appendf(host)
+			allowedHostsNode.Append(host)
 		}
 	}
 
 	if len(b.AddBlockedHosts) > 0 {
-		blockedHostsNode := node.Appendf("Blocked hosts:")
+		blockedHostsNode := node.Append("Blocked hosts:")
 		for _, host := range b.AddBlockedHosts {
-			blockedHostsNode.Appendf(host)
+			blockedHostsNode.Append(host)
 		}
 	}
 
 	if len(b.AddBlockedIPs) > 0 {
-		blockedIPsNode := node.Appendf("Blocked IP addresses:")
+		blockedIPsNode := node.Append("Blocked IP addresses:")
 		for _, ip := range b.AddBlockedIPs {
-			blockedIPsNode.Appendf(ip.String())
+			blockedIPsNode.Append(ip.String())
 		}
 	}
 
 	if len(b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes) > 0 {
-		blockedIPPrefixesNode := node.Appendf("Blocked IP networks:")
+		blockedIPPrefixesNode := node.Append("Blocked IP networks:")
 		for _, ipNetwork := range b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes {
-			blockedIPPrefixesNode.Appendf(ipNetwork.String())
+			blockedIPPrefixesNode.Append(ipNetwork.String())
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(b.RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames) > 0 {
+		exemptHostsNode := node.Append("Rebinding protection exempt hostnames:")
+		for _, host := range b.RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames {
+			exemptHostsNode.Append(host)
 		}
 	}
 
 	return node
 }
+
+func (b *DNSBlacklist) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	b.BlockMalicious, err = r.BoolPtr("BLOCK_MALICIOUS")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	b.BlockSurveillance, err = r.BoolPtr("BLOCK_SURVEILLANCE",
+		reader.RetroKeys("BLOCK_NSA"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	b.BlockAds, err = r.BoolPtr("BLOCK_ADS")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	b.AddBlockedIPs, b.AddBlockedIPPrefixes, err = readDNSBlockedIPs(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	b.AllowedHosts = r.CSV("DNS_UNBLOCK_HOSTNAMES", reader.RetroKeys("UNBLOCK"))
+
+	b.RebindingProtectionExemptHostnames = r.CSV("DNS_REBINDING_PROTECTION_EXEMPT_HOSTNAMES")
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func readDNSBlockedIPs(r *reader.Reader) (ips []netip.Addr,
+	ipPrefixes []netip.Prefix, err error,
+) {
+	ips, err = r.CSVNetipAddresses("DNS_BLOCK_IPS")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	ipPrefixes, err = r.CSVNetipPrefixes("DNS_BLOCK_IP_PREFIXES")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	// TODO v4 remove this block below
+	privateIPs, privateIPPrefixes, err := readDNSPrivateAddresses(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	ips = append(ips, privateIPs...)
+	ipPrefixes = append(ipPrefixes, privateIPPrefixes...)
+
+	return ips, ipPrefixes, nil
+}
+
+var ErrPrivateAddressNotValid = errors.New("private address is not a valid IP or CIDR range")
+
+func readDNSPrivateAddresses(r *reader.Reader) (ips []netip.Addr,
+	ipPrefixes []netip.Prefix, err error,
+) {
+	privateAddresses := r.CSV("DOT_PRIVATE_ADDRESS", reader.IsRetro("DNS_BLOCK_IP_PREFIXES"))
+	if len(privateAddresses) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil, nil
+	}
+
+	ips = make([]netip.Addr, 0, len(privateAddresses))
+	ipPrefixes = make([]netip.Prefix, 0, len(privateAddresses))
+
+	for _, privateAddress := range privateAddresses {
+		ip, err := netip.ParseAddr(privateAddress)
+		if err == nil {
+			ips = append(ips, ip)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		ipPrefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(privateAddress)
+		if err == nil {
+			ipPrefixes = append(ipPrefixes, ipPrefix)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"environment variable DOT_PRIVATE_ADDRESS: %w: %s",
+			ErrPrivateAddressNotValid, privateAddress)
+	}
+
+	return ips, ipPrefixes, nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/dot.go

@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-package settings
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
-)
-
-// DoT contains settings to configure the DoT server.
-type DoT struct {
-	// Enabled is true if the DoT server should be running
-	// and used. It defaults to true, and cannot be nil
-	// in the internal state.
-	Enabled *bool
-	// UpdatePeriod is the period to update DNS block
-	// lists and cryptographic files for DNSSEC validation.
-	// It can be set to 0 to disable the update.
-	// It defaults to 24h and cannot be nil in
-	// the internal state.
-	UpdatePeriod *time.Duration
-	// Unbound contains settings to configure Unbound.
-	Unbound Unbound
-	// Blacklist contains settings to configure the filter
-	// block lists.
-	Blacklist DNSBlacklist
-}
-
-var (
-	ErrDoTUpdatePeriodTooShort = errors.New("update period is too short")
-)
-
-func (d DoT) validate() (err error) {
-	const minUpdatePeriod = 30 * time.Second
-	if *d.UpdatePeriod != 0 && *d.UpdatePeriod < minUpdatePeriod {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s must be bigger than %s",
-			ErrDoTUpdatePeriodTooShort, *d.UpdatePeriod, minUpdatePeriod)
-	}
-
-	err = d.Unbound.validate()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = d.Blacklist.validate()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (d *DoT) copy() (copied DoT) {
-	return DoT{
-		Enabled:      helpers.CopyBoolPtr(d.Enabled),
-		UpdatePeriod: helpers.CopyDurationPtr(d.UpdatePeriod),
-		Unbound:      d.Unbound.copy(),
-		Blacklist:    d.Blacklist.copy(),
-	}
-}
-
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-func (d *DoT) mergeWith(other DoT) {
-	d.Enabled = helpers.MergeWithBool(d.Enabled, other.Enabled)
-	d.UpdatePeriod = helpers.MergeWithDuration(d.UpdatePeriod, other.UpdatePeriod)
-	d.Unbound.mergeWith(other.Unbound)
-	d.Blacklist.mergeWith(other.Blacklist)
-}
-
-// overrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
-// settings object with any field set in the other
-// settings.
-func (d *DoT) overrideWith(other DoT) {
-	d.Enabled = helpers.OverrideWithBool(d.Enabled, other.Enabled)
-	d.UpdatePeriod = helpers.OverrideWithDuration(d.UpdatePeriod, other.UpdatePeriod)
-	d.Unbound.overrideWith(other.Unbound)
-	d.Blacklist.overrideWith(other.Blacklist)
-}
-
-func (d *DoT) setDefaults() {
-	d.Enabled = helpers.DefaultBool(d.Enabled, true)
-	const defaultUpdatePeriod = 24 * time.Hour
-	d.UpdatePeriod = helpers.DefaultDuration(d.UpdatePeriod, defaultUpdatePeriod)
-	d.Unbound.setDefaults()
-	d.Blacklist.setDefaults()
-}
-
-func (d DoT) String() string {
-	return d.toLinesNode().String()
-}
-
-func (d DoT) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
-	node = gotree.New("DNS over TLS settings:")
-
-	node.Appendf("Enabled: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(d.Enabled))
-	if !*d.Enabled {
-		return node
-	}
-
-	update := "disabled"
-	if *d.UpdatePeriod > 0 {
-		update = "every " + d.UpdatePeriod.String()
-	}
-	node.Appendf("Update period: %s", update)
-
-	node.AppendNode(d.Unbound.toLinesNode())
-	node.AppendNode(d.Blacklist.toLinesNode())
-
-	return node
-}

internal/configuration/settings/errors.go

@@ -3,21 +3,24 @@ package settings
 import "errors"
 
 var (
+	ErrValueUnknown                    = errors.New("value is unknown")
 	ErrCityNotValid                    = errors.New("the city specified is not valid")
 	ErrControlServerPrivilegedPort     = errors.New("cannot use privileged port without running as root")
+	ErrCategoryNotValid                = errors.New("the category specified is not valid")
 	ErrCountryNotValid                 = errors.New("the country specified is not valid")
-	ErrFirewallZeroPort                = errors.New("cannot have a zero port to block")
+	ErrFilepathMissing                 = errors.New("filepath is missing")
+	ErrFirewallZeroPort                = errors.New("cannot have a zero port")
+	ErrFirewallPublicOutboundSubnet    = errors.New("outbound subnet has an unspecified address")
 	ErrHostnameNotValid                = errors.New("the hostname specified is not valid")
 	ErrISPNotValid                     = errors.New("the ISP specified is not valid")
+	ErrMinRatioNotValid                = errors.New("minimum ratio is not valid")
+	ErrMissingValue                    = errors.New("missing value")
 	ErrNameNotValid                    = errors.New("the server name specified is not valid")
-	ErrOpenVPNClientCertMissing        = errors.New("client certificate is missing")
-	ErrOpenVPNClientCertNotValid       = errors.New("client certificate is not valid")
 	ErrOpenVPNClientKeyMissing         = errors.New("client key is missing")
-	ErrOpenVPNClientKeyNotValid        = errors.New("client key is not valid")
-	ErrOpenVPNConfigFile               = errors.New("custom configuration file error")
 	ErrOpenVPNCustomPortNotAllowed     = errors.New("custom endpoint port is not allowed")
 	ErrOpenVPNEncryptionPresetNotValid = errors.New("PIA encryption preset is not valid")
 	ErrOpenVPNInterfaceNotValid        = errors.New("interface name is not valid")
+	ErrOpenVPNKeyPassphraseIsEmpty     = errors.New("key passphrase is empty")
 	ErrOpenVPNMSSFixIsTooHigh          = errors.New("mssfix option value is too high")
 	ErrOpenVPNPasswordIsEmpty          = errors.New("password is empty")
 	ErrOpenVPNTCPNotSupported          = errors.New("TCP protocol is not supported")
@@ -25,27 +28,31 @@ var (
 	ErrOpenVPNVerbosityIsOutOfBounds   = errors.New("verbosity value is out of bounds")
 	ErrOpenVPNVersionIsNotValid        = errors.New("version is not valid")
 	ErrPortForwardingEnabled           = errors.New("port forwarding cannot be enabled")
-	ErrPortForwardingFilepathNotValid  = errors.New("port forwarding filepath given is not valid")
+	ErrPortForwardingUserEmpty         = errors.New("port forwarding username is empty")
-	ErrPublicIPFilepathNotValid        = errors.New("public IP address file path is not valid")
+	ErrPortForwardingPasswordEmpty     = errors.New("port forwarding password is empty")
-	ErrPublicIPPeriodTooShort          = errors.New("public IP address check period is too short")
 	ErrRegionNotValid                  = errors.New("the region specified is not valid")
 	ErrServerAddressNotValid           = errors.New("server listening address is not valid")
 	ErrSystemPGIDNotValid              = errors.New("process group id is not valid")
 	ErrSystemPUIDNotValid              = errors.New("process user id is not valid")
 	ErrSystemTimezoneNotValid          = errors.New("timezone is not valid")
+	ErrUpdaterPeriodTooSmall           = errors.New("VPN server data updater period is too small")
+	ErrUpdaterProtonPasswordMissing    = errors.New("proton password is missing")
+	ErrUpdaterProtonUsernameMissing    = errors.New("proton username is missing")
 	ErrVPNProviderNameNotValid         = errors.New("VPN provider name is not valid")
 	ErrVPNTypeNotValid                 = errors.New("VPN type is not valid")
+	ErrWireguardAllowedIPNotSet        = errors.New("allowed IP is not set")
+	ErrWireguardAllowedIPsNotSet       = errors.New("allowed IPs is not set")
 	ErrWireguardEndpointIPNotSet       = errors.New("endpoint IP is not set")
 	ErrWireguardEndpointPortNotAllowed = errors.New("endpoint port is not allowed")
 	ErrWireguardEndpointPortNotSet     = errors.New("endpoint port is not set")
+	ErrWireguardEndpointPortSet        = errors.New("endpoint port is set")
 	ErrWireguardInterfaceAddressNotSet = errors.New("interface address is not set")
+	ErrWireguardInterfaceAddressIPv6   = errors.New("interface address is IPv6 but IPv6 is not supported")
 	ErrWireguardInterfaceNotValid      = errors.New("interface name is not valid")
 	ErrWireguardPreSharedKeyNotSet     = errors.New("pre-shared key is not set")
-	ErrWireguardPreSharedKeyNotValid   = errors.New("pre-shared key is not valid")
 	ErrWireguardPrivateKeyNotSet       = errors.New("private key is not set")
-	ErrWireguardPrivateKeyNotValid     = errors.New("private key is not valid")
 	ErrWireguardPublicKeyNotSet        = errors.New("public key is not set")
 	ErrWireguardPublicKeyNotValid      = errors.New("public key is not valid")
-
+	ErrWireguardKeepAliveNegative      = errors.New("persistent keep alive interval is negative")
-	ErrUpdaterPeriodTooSmall = errors.New("VPN server data updater period is too small")
+	ErrWireguardImplementationNotValid = errors.New("implementation is not valid")
 )

internal/configuration/settings/firewall.go

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ package settings
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 type Firewall struct {
 	VPNInputPorts   []uint16
 	InputPorts      []uint16
-	OutboundSubnets []net.IPNet
+	OutboundSubnets []netip.Prefix
 	Enabled         *bool
 	Debug           *bool
 }
@@ -26,6 +27,12 @@ func (f Firewall) validate() (err error) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("input ports: %w", ErrFirewallZeroPort)
 	}
 
+	for _, subnet := range f.OutboundSubnets {
+		if subnet.Addr().IsUnspecified() {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrFirewallPublicOutboundSubnet, subnet)
+		}
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -40,40 +47,28 @@ func hasZeroPort(ports []uint16) (has bool) {
 
 func (f *Firewall) copy() (copied Firewall) {
 	return Firewall{
-		VPNInputPorts:   helpers.CopyUint16Slice(f.VPNInputPorts),
+		VPNInputPorts:   gosettings.CopySlice(f.VPNInputPorts),
-		InputPorts:      helpers.CopyUint16Slice(f.InputPorts),
+		InputPorts:      gosettings.CopySlice(f.InputPorts),
-		OutboundSubnets: helpers.CopyIPNetSlice(f.OutboundSubnets),
+		OutboundSubnets: gosettings.CopySlice(f.OutboundSubnets),
-		Enabled:         helpers.CopyBoolPtr(f.Enabled),
+		Enabled:         gosettings.CopyPointer(f.Enabled),
-		Debug:           helpers.CopyBoolPtr(f.Debug),
+		Debug:           gosettings.CopyPointer(f.Debug),
 	}
 }
 
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-// It merges values of slices together, even if they
-// are set in the receiver settings.
-func (f *Firewall) mergeWith(other Firewall) {
-	f.VPNInputPorts = helpers.MergeUint16Slices(f.VPNInputPorts, other.VPNInputPorts)
-	f.InputPorts = helpers.MergeUint16Slices(f.InputPorts, other.InputPorts)
-	f.OutboundSubnets = helpers.MergeIPNetsSlices(f.OutboundSubnets, other.OutboundSubnets)
-	f.Enabled = helpers.MergeWithBool(f.Enabled, other.Enabled)
-	f.Debug = helpers.MergeWithBool(f.Debug, other.Debug)
-}
-
 // overrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
 // settings object with any field set in the other
 // settings.
 func (f *Firewall) overrideWith(other Firewall) {
-	f.VPNInputPorts = helpers.OverrideWithUint16Slice(f.VPNInputPorts, other.VPNInputPorts)
+	f.VPNInputPorts = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(f.VPNInputPorts, other.VPNInputPorts)
-	f.InputPorts = helpers.OverrideWithUint16Slice(f.InputPorts, other.InputPorts)
+	f.InputPorts = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(f.InputPorts, other.InputPorts)
-	f.OutboundSubnets = helpers.OverrideWithIPNetsSlice(f.OutboundSubnets, other.OutboundSubnets)
+	f.OutboundSubnets = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(f.OutboundSubnets, other.OutboundSubnets)
-	f.Enabled = helpers.OverrideWithBool(f.Enabled, other.Enabled)
+	f.Enabled = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(f.Enabled, other.Enabled)
-	f.Debug = helpers.OverrideWithBool(f.Debug, other.Debug)
+	f.Debug = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(f.Debug, other.Debug)
 }
 
 func (f *Firewall) setDefaults() {
-	f.Enabled = helpers.DefaultBool(f.Enabled, true)
+	f.Enabled = gosettings.DefaultPointer(f.Enabled, true)
-	f.Debug = helpers.DefaultBool(f.Debug, false)
+	f.Debug = gosettings.DefaultPointer(f.Debug, false)
 }
 
 func (f Firewall) String() string {
@@ -83,7 +78,7 @@ func (f Firewall) String() string {
 func (f Firewall) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("Firewall settings:")
 
-	node.Appendf("Enabled: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(f.Enabled))
+	node.Appendf("Enabled: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(f.Enabled))
 	if !*f.Enabled {
 		return node
 	}
@@ -109,9 +104,39 @@ func (f Firewall) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	if len(f.OutboundSubnets) > 0 {
 		outboundSubnets := node.Appendf("Outbound subnets:")
 		for _, subnet := range f.OutboundSubnets {
-			outboundSubnets.Appendf("%s", subnet)
+			outboundSubnets.Appendf("%s", &subnet)
 		}
 	}
 
 	return node
 }
+
+func (f *Firewall) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	f.VPNInputPorts, err = r.CSVUint16("FIREWALL_VPN_INPUT_PORTS")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	f.InputPorts, err = r.CSVUint16("FIREWALL_INPUT_PORTS")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	f.OutboundSubnets, err = r.CSVNetipPrefixes(
+		"FIREWALL_OUTBOUND_SUBNETS", reader.RetroKeys("EXTRA_SUBNETS"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	f.Enabled, err = r.BoolPtr("FIREWALL_ENABLED_DISABLING_IT_SHOOTS_YOU_IN_YOUR_FOOT")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	f.Debug, err = r.BoolPtr("FIREWALL_DEBUG")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/firewall_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package settings
+
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func Test_Firewall_validate(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		firewall   Firewall
+		errWrapped error
+		errMessage string
+	}{
+		"empty": {},
+		"zero_vpn_input_port": {
+			firewall: Firewall{
+				VPNInputPorts: []uint16{0},
+			},
+			errWrapped: ErrFirewallZeroPort,
+			errMessage: "VPN input ports: cannot have a zero port",
+		},
+		"zero_input_port": {
+			firewall: Firewall{
+				InputPorts: []uint16{0},
+			},
+			errWrapped: ErrFirewallZeroPort,
+			errMessage: "input ports: cannot have a zero port",
+		},
+		"unspecified_outbound_subnet": {
+			firewall: Firewall{
+				OutboundSubnets: []netip.Prefix{
+					netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0"),
+				},
+			},
+			errWrapped: ErrFirewallPublicOutboundSubnet,
+			errMessage: "outbound subnet has an unspecified address: 0.0.0.0/0",
+		},
+		"public_outbound_subnet": {
+			firewall: Firewall{
+				OutboundSubnets: []netip.Prefix{
+					netip.MustParsePrefix("1.2.3.4/32"),
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		"valid_settings": {
+			firewall: Firewall{
+				VPNInputPorts: []uint16{100, 101},
+				InputPorts:    []uint16{200, 201},
+				OutboundSubnets: []netip.Prefix{
+					netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+					netip.MustParsePrefix("10.10.1.1/32"),
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for name, testCase := range testCases {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			err := testCase.firewall.validate()
+
+			assert.ErrorIs(t, err, testCase.errWrapped)
+			if testCase.errWrapped != nil {
+				assert.EqualError(t, err, testCase.errMessage)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/configuration/settings/health.go

@@ -2,11 +2,13 @@ package settings
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/validate"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
-	"github.com/qdm12/govalid/address"
 )
 
 // Health contains settings for the healthcheck and health server.
@@ -15,25 +17,23 @@ type Health struct {
 	// for the health check server.
 	// It cannot be the empty string in the internal state.
 	ServerAddress string
-	// AddressToPing is the IP address or domain name to
+	// TargetAddress is the address (host or host:port)
-	// ping periodically for the health check.
+	// to TCP TLS dial to periodically for the health check.
 	// It cannot be the empty string in the internal state.
-	AddressToPing string
+	TargetAddress string
-	VPN           HealthyWait
+	// ICMPTargetIP is the IP address to use for ICMP echo requests
+	// in the health checker. It can be set to an unspecified address (0.0.0.0)
+	// such that the VPN server IP is used, which is also the default behavior.
+	ICMPTargetIP netip.Addr
+	// RestartVPN indicates whether to restart the VPN connection
+	// when the healthcheck fails.
+	RestartVPN *bool
 }
 
 func (h Health) Validate() (err error) {
-	uid := os.Getuid()
+	err = validate.ListeningAddress(h.ServerAddress, os.Getuid())
-	_, err = address.Validate(h.ServerAddress,
-		address.OptionListening(uid))
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s",
+		return fmt.Errorf("server listening address is not valid: %w", err)
-			ErrServerAddressNotValid, err)
-	}
-
-	err = h.VPN.validate()
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("health VPN settings validation failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -42,32 +42,27 @@ func (h Health) Validate() (err error) {
 func (h *Health) copy() (copied Health) {
 	return Health{
 		ServerAddress: h.ServerAddress,
-		AddressToPing: h.AddressToPing,
+		TargetAddress: h.TargetAddress,
-		VPN:           h.VPN.copy(),
+		ICMPTargetIP:  h.ICMPTargetIP,
+		RestartVPN:    gosettings.CopyPointer(h.RestartVPN),
 	}
 }
 
-// MergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-func (h *Health) MergeWith(other Health) {
-	h.ServerAddress = helpers.MergeWithString(h.ServerAddress, other.ServerAddress)
-	h.AddressToPing = helpers.MergeWithString(h.AddressToPing, other.AddressToPing)
-	h.VPN.mergeWith(other.VPN)
-}
-
 // OverrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
 // settings object with any field set in the other
 // settings.
 func (h *Health) OverrideWith(other Health) {
-	h.ServerAddress = helpers.OverrideWithString(h.ServerAddress, other.ServerAddress)
+	h.ServerAddress = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(h.ServerAddress, other.ServerAddress)
-	h.AddressToPing = helpers.OverrideWithString(h.AddressToPing, other.AddressToPing)
+	h.TargetAddress = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(h.TargetAddress, other.TargetAddress)
-	h.VPN.overrideWith(other.VPN)
+	h.ICMPTargetIP = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(h.ICMPTargetIP, other.ICMPTargetIP)
+	h.RestartVPN = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(h.RestartVPN, other.RestartVPN)
 }
 
 func (h *Health) SetDefaults() {
-	h.ServerAddress = helpers.DefaultString(h.ServerAddress, "127.0.0.1:9999")
+	h.ServerAddress = gosettings.DefaultComparable(h.ServerAddress, "127.0.0.1:9999")
-	h.AddressToPing = helpers.DefaultString(h.AddressToPing, "github.com")
+	h.TargetAddress = gosettings.DefaultComparable(h.TargetAddress, "cloudflare.com:443")
-	h.VPN.setDefaults()
+	h.ICMPTargetIP = gosettings.DefaultComparable(h.ICMPTargetIP, netip.IPv4Unspecified()) // use the VPN server IP
+	h.RestartVPN = gosettings.DefaultPointer(h.RestartVPN, true)
 }
 
 func (h Health) String() string {
@@ -77,7 +72,27 @@ func (h Health) String() string {
 func (h Health) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("Health settings:")
 	node.Appendf("Server listening address: %s", h.ServerAddress)
-	node.Appendf("Address to ping: %s", h.AddressToPing)
+	node.Appendf("Target address: %s", h.TargetAddress)
-	node.AppendNode(h.VPN.toLinesNode("VPN"))
+	icmpTarget := "VPN server IP"
+	if !h.ICMPTargetIP.IsUnspecified() {
+		icmpTarget = h.ICMPTargetIP.String()
+	}
+	node.Appendf("ICMP target IP: %s", icmpTarget)
+	node.Appendf("Restart VPN on healthcheck failure: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(h.RestartVPN))
 	return node
 }
+
+func (h *Health) Read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	h.ServerAddress = r.String("HEALTH_SERVER_ADDRESS")
+	h.TargetAddress = r.String("HEALTH_TARGET_ADDRESS",
+		reader.RetroKeys("HEALTH_ADDRESS_TO_PING"))
+	h.ICMPTargetIP, err = r.NetipAddr("HEALTH_ICMP_TARGET_IP")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.RestartVPN, err = r.BoolPtr("HEALTH_RESTART_VPN")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/healthywait.go

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-package settings
-
-import (
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
-)
-
-type HealthyWait struct {
-	// Initial is the initial duration to wait for the program
-	// to be healthy before taking action.
-	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	Initial *time.Duration
-	// Addition is the duration to add to the Initial duration
-	// after Initial has expired to wait longer for the program
-	// to be healthy.
-	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	Addition *time.Duration
-}
-
-func (h HealthyWait) validate() (err error) {
-	return nil
-}
-
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-func (h *HealthyWait) copy() (copied HealthyWait) {
-	return HealthyWait{
-		Initial:  helpers.CopyDurationPtr(h.Initial),
-		Addition: helpers.CopyDurationPtr(h.Addition),
-	}
-}
-
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-func (h *HealthyWait) mergeWith(other HealthyWait) {
-	h.Initial = helpers.MergeWithDuration(h.Initial, other.Initial)
-	h.Addition = helpers.MergeWithDuration(h.Addition, other.Addition)
-}
-
-// overrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
-// settings object with any field set in the other
-// settings.
-func (h *HealthyWait) overrideWith(other HealthyWait) {
-	h.Initial = helpers.OverrideWithDuration(h.Initial, other.Initial)
-	h.Addition = helpers.OverrideWithDuration(h.Addition, other.Addition)
-}
-
-func (h *HealthyWait) setDefaults() {
-	const initialDurationDefault = 6 * time.Second
-	const additionDurationDefault = 5 * time.Second
-	h.Initial = helpers.DefaultDuration(h.Initial, initialDurationDefault)
-	h.Addition = helpers.DefaultDuration(h.Addition, additionDurationDefault)
-}
-
-func (h HealthyWait) String() string {
-	return h.toLinesNode("Health").String()
-}
-
-func (h HealthyWait) toLinesNode(kind string) (node *gotree.Node) {
-	node = gotree.New(kind + " wait durations:")
-	node.Appendf("Initial duration: %s", *h.Initial)
-	node.Appendf("Additional duration: %s", *h.Addition)
-	return node
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package settings
+
+func ptrTo[T any](value T) *T {
+	return &value
+}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/belong.go

@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 package helpers
 
-import (
+func IsOneOf[T comparable](value T, choices ...T) (ok bool) {
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-)
-
-func IsOneOf(value string, choices ...string) (ok bool) {
 	for _, choice := range choices {
 		if value == choice {
 			return true
@@ -14,32 +8,3 @@ func IsOneOf(value string, choices ...string) (ok bool) {
 	}
 	return false
 }
-
-var ErrValueNotOneOf = errors.New("value is not one of the possible choices")
-
-func AreAllOneOf(values, choices []string) (err error) {
-	set := make(map[string]struct{}, len(choices))
-	for _, choice := range choices {
-		choice = strings.ToLower(choice)
-		set[choice] = struct{}{}
-	}
-
-	for _, value := range values {
-		_, ok := set[value]
-		if !ok {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: value %q, choices available are %s",
-				ErrValueNotOneOf, value, strings.Join(choices, ", "))
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func Uint16IsOneOf(port uint16, choices []uint16) (ok bool) {
-	for _, choice := range choices {
-		if port == choice {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/copy.go

@@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
-	"inet.af/netaddr"
-)
-
-func CopyStringPtr(original *string) (copied *string) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	copied = new(string)
-	*copied = *original
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyBoolPtr(original *bool) (copied *bool) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	copied = new(bool)
-	*copied = *original
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyUint8Ptr(original *uint8) (copied *uint8) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	copied = new(uint8)
-	*copied = *original
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyUint16Ptr(original *uint16) (copied *uint16) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	copied = new(uint16)
-	*copied = *original
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyIntPtr(original *int) (copied *int) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	copied = new(int)
-	*copied = *original
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyDurationPtr(original *time.Duration) (copied *time.Duration) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	copied = new(time.Duration)
-	*copied = *original
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyLogLevelPtr(original *logging.Level) (copied *logging.Level) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	copied = new(logging.Level)
-	*copied = *original
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyIP(original net.IP) (copied net.IP) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	copied = make(net.IP, len(original))
-	copy(copied, original)
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyIPNet(original net.IPNet) (copied net.IPNet) {
-	if original.IP != nil {
-		copied.IP = make(net.IP, len(original.IP))
-		copy(copied.IP, original.IP)
-	}
-
-	if original.Mask != nil {
-		copied.Mask = make(net.IPMask, len(original.Mask))
-		copy(copied.Mask, original.Mask)
-	}
-
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyIPNetPtr(original *net.IPNet) (copied *net.IPNet) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	copied = new(net.IPNet)
-	*copied = CopyIPNet(*original)
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyNetaddrIP(original netaddr.IP) (copied netaddr.IP) {
-	b, err := original.MarshalBinary()
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	err = copied.UnmarshalBinary(b)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyIPPrefix(original netaddr.IPPrefix) (copied netaddr.IPPrefix) {
-	b, err := original.MarshalText()
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	err = copied.UnmarshalText(b)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyStringSlice(original []string) (copied []string) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	copied = make([]string, len(original))
-	copy(copied, original)
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyUint16Slice(original []uint16) (copied []uint16) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	copied = make([]uint16, len(original))
-	copy(copied, original)
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyIPNetSlice(original []net.IPNet) (copied []net.IPNet) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	copied = make([]net.IPNet, len(original))
-	for i := range original {
-		copied[i] = CopyIPNet(original[i])
-	}
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyIPPrefixSlice(original []netaddr.IPPrefix) (copied []netaddr.IPPrefix) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	copied = make([]netaddr.IPPrefix, len(original))
-	for i := range original {
-		copied[i] = CopyIPPrefix(original[i])
-	}
-	return copied
-}
-
-func CopyNetaddrIPsSlice(original []netaddr.IP) (copied []netaddr.IP) {
-	if original == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	copied = make([]netaddr.IP, len(original))
-	for i := range original {
-		copied[i] = CopyNetaddrIP(original[i])
-	}
-
-	return copied
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/default.go

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
-)
-
-func DefaultInt(existing *int, defaultValue int) (
-	result *int) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(int)
-	*result = defaultValue
-	return result
-}
-
-func DefaultUint8(existing *uint8, defaultValue uint8) (
-	result *uint8) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(uint8)
-	*result = defaultValue
-	return result
-}
-
-func DefaultUint16(existing *uint16, defaultValue uint16) (
-	result *uint16) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(uint16)
-	*result = defaultValue
-	return result
-}
-
-func DefaultBool(existing *bool, defaultValue bool) (
-	result *bool) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(bool)
-	*result = defaultValue
-	return result
-}
-
-func DefaultString(existing string, defaultValue string) (
-	result string) {
-	if existing != "" {
-		return existing
-	}
-	return defaultValue
-}
-
-func DefaultStringPtr(existing *string, defaultValue string) (result *string) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(string)
-	*result = defaultValue
-	return result
-}
-
-func DefaultDuration(existing *time.Duration,
-	defaultValue time.Duration) (result *time.Duration) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(time.Duration)
-	*result = defaultValue
-	return result
-}
-
-func DefaultLogLevel(existing *logging.Level,
-	defaultValue logging.Level) (result *logging.Level) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(logging.Level)
-	*result = defaultValue
-	return result
-}
-
-func DefaultIP(existing net.IP, defaultValue net.IP) (
-	result net.IP) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	return defaultValue
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/files.go

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-)
-
-var (
-	ErrFileDoesNotExist = errors.New("file does not exist")
-	ErrFileRead         = errors.New("cannot read file")
-	ErrFileClose        = errors.New("cannot close file")
-)
-
-func FileExists(path string) (err error) {
-	path = filepath.Clean(path)
-
-	f, err := os.Open(path)
-	if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrFileDoesNotExist, path)
-	} else if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrFileRead, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrFileClose, err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/merge.go

@@ -1,226 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
-	"inet.af/netaddr"
-)
-
-func MergeWithBool(existing, other *bool) (result *bool) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	} else if other == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	result = new(bool)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeWithString(existing, other string) (result string) {
-	if existing != "" {
-		return existing
-	}
-	return other
-}
-
-func MergeWithStringPtr(existing, other *string) (result *string) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	} else if other == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	result = new(string)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeWithInt(existing, other *int) (result *int) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	} else if other == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	result = new(int)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeWithUint8(existing, other *uint8) (result *uint8) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	} else if other == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	result = new(uint8)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeWithUint16(existing, other *uint16) (result *uint16) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	} else if other == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	result = new(uint16)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeWithIP(existing, other net.IP) (result net.IP) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	} else if other == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	result = make(net.IP, len(other))
-	copy(result, other)
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeWithDuration(existing, other *time.Duration) (result *time.Duration) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	return other
-}
-
-func MergeWithLogLevel(existing, other *logging.Level) (result *logging.Level) {
-	if existing != nil {
-		return existing
-	} else if other == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	result = new(logging.Level)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeStringSlices(a, b []string) (result []string) {
-	if a == nil && b == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(a)+len(b))
-	result = make([]string, 0, len(a)+len(b))
-	for _, s := range a {
-		if _, ok := seen[s]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, s)
-		seen[s] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	for _, s := range b {
-		if _, ok := seen[s]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, s)
-		seen[s] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeUint16Slices(a, b []uint16) (result []uint16) {
-	if a == nil && b == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	seen := make(map[uint16]struct{}, len(a)+len(b))
-	result = make([]uint16, 0, len(a)+len(b))
-	for _, n := range a {
-		if _, ok := seen[n]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, n)
-		seen[n] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	for _, n := range b {
-		if _, ok := seen[n]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, n)
-		seen[n] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeIPNetsSlices(a, b []net.IPNet) (result []net.IPNet) {
-	if a == nil && b == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(a)+len(b))
-	result = make([]net.IPNet, 0, len(a)+len(b))
-	for _, ipNet := range a {
-		key := ipNet.String()
-		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, ipNet)
-		seen[key] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	for _, ipNet := range b {
-		key := ipNet.String()
-		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, ipNet)
-		seen[key] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeNetaddrIPsSlices(a, b []netaddr.IP) (result []netaddr.IP) {
-	if a == nil && b == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(a)+len(b))
-	result = make([]netaddr.IP, 0, len(a)+len(b))
-	for _, ip := range a {
-		key := ip.String()
-		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, ip)
-		seen[key] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	for _, ip := range b {
-		key := ip.String()
-		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, ip)
-		seen[key] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func MergeIPPrefixesSlices(a, b []netaddr.IPPrefix) (result []netaddr.IPPrefix) {
-	if a == nil && b == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(a)+len(b))
-	result = make([]netaddr.IPPrefix, 0, len(a)+len(b))
-	for _, ipPrefix := range a {
-		key := ipPrefix.String()
-		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, ipPrefix)
-		seen[key] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	for _, ipPrefix := range b {
-		key := ipPrefix.String()
-		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
-			continue // duplicate
-		}
-		result = append(result, ipPrefix)
-		seen[key] = struct{}{}
-	}
-	return result
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/messages.go

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-)
-
-func ChoicesOrString(choices []string) string {
-	return strings.Join(
-		choices[:len(choices)-1], ", ") +
-		" or " + choices[len(choices)-1]
-}
-
-func PortChoicesOrString(ports []uint16) (s string) {
-	switch len(ports) {
-	case 0:
-		return "there is no allowed port"
-	case 1:
-		return "allowed port is " + fmt.Sprint(ports[0])
-	}
-
-	s = "allowed ports are "
-	portStrings := make([]string, len(ports))
-	for i := range ports {
-		portStrings[i] = fmt.Sprint(ports[i])
-	}
-	s += ChoicesOrString(portStrings)
-	return s
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/obfuscate.go

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-func ObfuscateWireguardKey(fullKey string) (obfuscatedKey string) {
-	const minKeyLength = 10
-	if len(fullKey) < minKeyLength {
-		return "(too short)"
-	}
-
-	lastIndex := len(fullKey) - 1
-	return fullKey[0:2] + "..." + fullKey[lastIndex-2:]
-}
-
-func ObfuscatePassword(password string) (obfuscatedPassword string) {
-	if password != "" {
-		return "[set]"
-	}
-	return "[not set]"
-}
-
-func ObfuscateData(data string) (obfuscated string) {
-	if data != "" {
-		return "[set]"
-	}
-	return "[not set]"
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/override.go

@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
-	"inet.af/netaddr"
-)
-
-func OverrideWithBool(existing, other *bool) (result *bool) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(bool)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithString(existing, other string) (result string) {
-	if other == "" {
-		return existing
-	}
-	return other
-}
-
-func OverrideWithStringPtr(existing, other *string) (result *string) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(string)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithInt(existing, other *int) (result *int) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(int)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithUint8(existing, other *uint8) (result *uint8) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(uint8)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithUint16(existing, other *uint16) (result *uint16) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(uint16)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithIP(existing, other net.IP) (result net.IP) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = make(net.IP, len(other))
-	copy(result, other)
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithDuration(existing, other *time.Duration) (result *time.Duration) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(time.Duration)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithLogLevel(existing, other *logging.Level) (result *logging.Level) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = new(logging.Level)
-	*result = *other
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithStringSlice(existing, other []string) (result []string) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = make([]string, len(other))
-	copy(result, other)
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithUint16Slice(existing, other []uint16) (result []uint16) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = make([]uint16, len(other))
-	copy(result, other)
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithIPNetsSlice(existing, other []net.IPNet) (result []net.IPNet) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = make([]net.IPNet, len(other))
-	copy(result, other)
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithNetaddrIPsSlice(existing, other []netaddr.IP) (result []netaddr.IP) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = make([]netaddr.IP, len(other))
-	copy(result, other)
-	return result
-}
-
-func OverrideWithIPPrefixesSlice(existing, other []netaddr.IPPrefix) (result []netaddr.IPPrefix) {
-	if other == nil {
-		return existing
-	}
-	result = make([]netaddr.IPPrefix, len(other))
-	copy(result, other)
-	return result
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/pointers.go

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-import "time"
-
-// StringPtr returns a pointer to the string value
-// passed as argument.
-func StringPtr(s string) *string { return &s }
-
-// DurationPtr returns a pointer to the duration value
-// passed as argument.
-func DurationPtr(d time.Duration) *time.Duration { return &d }

internal/configuration/settings/helpers/string.go

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-package helpers
-
-func BoolPtrToYesNo(b *bool) string {
-	if *b {
-		return "yes"
-	}
-	return "no"
-}
-
-func TCPPtrToString(tcp *bool) string {
-	if *tcp {
-		return "TCP"
-	}
-	return "UDP"
-}

internal/configuration/settings/helpers_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,30 @@
 package settings
 
-func boolPtr(b bool) *bool    { return &b }
+import gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
-func uint8Ptr(n uint8) *uint8 { return &n }
+
+type sourceKeyValue struct {
+	key   string
+	value string
+}
+
+func newMockSource(ctrl *gomock.Controller, keyValues []sourceKeyValue) *MockSource {
+	source := NewMockSource(ctrl)
+	var previousCall *gomock.Call
+	for _, keyValue := range keyValues {
+		transformedKey := keyValue.key
+		keyTransformCall := source.EXPECT().KeyTransform(keyValue.key).Return(transformedKey)
+		if previousCall != nil {
+			keyTransformCall.After(previousCall)
+		}
+		isSet := keyValue.value != ""
+		previousCall = source.EXPECT().Get(transformedKey).
+			Return(keyValue.value, isSet).After(keyTransformCall)
+		if isSet {
+			previousCall = source.EXPECT().KeyTransform(keyValue.key).
+				Return(transformedKey).After(previousCall)
+			previousCall = source.EXPECT().String().
+				Return("mock source").After(previousCall)
+		}
+	}
+	return source
+}

internal/configuration/settings/httpproxy.go

@@ -3,10 +3,13 @@ package settings
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/validate"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
-	"github.com/qdm12/govalid/address"
 )
 
 // HTTPProxy contains settings to configure the HTTP proxy.
@@ -33,16 +36,19 @@ type HTTPProxy struct {
 	// each request/response. It cannot be nil in the
 	// internal state.
 	Log *bool
+	// ReadHeaderTimeout is the HTTP header read timeout duration
+	// of the HTTP server. It defaults to 1 second if left unset.
+	ReadHeaderTimeout time.Duration
+	// ReadTimeout is the HTTP read timeout duration
+	// of the HTTP server. It defaults to 3 seconds if left unset.
+	ReadTimeout time.Duration
 }
 
 func (h HTTPProxy) validate() (err error) {
 	// Do not validate user and password
-
+	err = validate.ListeningAddress(h.ListeningAddress, os.Getuid())
-	uid := os.Getuid()
-	_, err = address.Validate(h.ListeningAddress, address.OptionListening(uid))
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s",
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrServerAddressNotValid, h.ListeningAddress)
-			ErrServerAddressNotValid, h.ListeningAddress)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -50,45 +56,42 @@ func (h HTTPProxy) validate() (err error) {
 
 func (h *HTTPProxy) copy() (copied HTTPProxy) {
 	return HTTPProxy{
-		User:             helpers.CopyStringPtr(h.User),
+		User:              gosettings.CopyPointer(h.User),
-		Password:         helpers.CopyStringPtr(h.Password),
+		Password:          gosettings.CopyPointer(h.Password),
-		ListeningAddress: h.ListeningAddress,
+		ListeningAddress:  h.ListeningAddress,
-		Enabled:          helpers.CopyBoolPtr(h.Enabled),
+		Enabled:           gosettings.CopyPointer(h.Enabled),
-		Stealth:          helpers.CopyBoolPtr(h.Stealth),
+		Stealth:           gosettings.CopyPointer(h.Stealth),
-		Log:              helpers.CopyBoolPtr(h.Log),
+		Log:               gosettings.CopyPointer(h.Log),
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: h.ReadHeaderTimeout,
+		ReadTimeout:       h.ReadTimeout,
 	}
 }
 
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-func (h *HTTPProxy) mergeWith(other HTTPProxy) {
-	h.User = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(h.User, other.User)
-	h.Password = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(h.Password, other.Password)
-	h.ListeningAddress = helpers.MergeWithString(h.ListeningAddress, other.ListeningAddress)
-	h.Enabled = helpers.MergeWithBool(h.Enabled, other.Enabled)
-	h.Stealth = helpers.MergeWithBool(h.Stealth, other.Stealth)
-	h.Log = helpers.MergeWithBool(h.Log, other.Log)
-}
-
 // overrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
 // settings object with any field set in the other
 // settings.
 func (h *HTTPProxy) overrideWith(other HTTPProxy) {
-	h.User = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(h.User, other.User)
+	h.User = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(h.User, other.User)
-	h.Password = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(h.Password, other.Password)
+	h.Password = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(h.Password, other.Password)
-	h.ListeningAddress = helpers.OverrideWithString(h.ListeningAddress, other.ListeningAddress)
+	h.ListeningAddress = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(h.ListeningAddress, other.ListeningAddress)
-	h.Enabled = helpers.OverrideWithBool(h.Enabled, other.Enabled)
+	h.Enabled = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(h.Enabled, other.Enabled)
-	h.Stealth = helpers.OverrideWithBool(h.Stealth, other.Stealth)
+	h.Stealth = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(h.Stealth, other.Stealth)
-	h.Log = helpers.OverrideWithBool(h.Log, other.Log)
+	h.Log = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(h.Log, other.Log)
+	h.ReadHeaderTimeout = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(h.ReadHeaderTimeout, other.ReadHeaderTimeout)
+	h.ReadTimeout = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(h.ReadTimeout, other.ReadTimeout)
 }
 
 func (h *HTTPProxy) setDefaults() {
-	h.User = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(h.User, "")
+	h.User = gosettings.DefaultPointer(h.User, "")
-	h.Password = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(h.Password, "")
+	h.Password = gosettings.DefaultPointer(h.Password, "")
-	h.ListeningAddress = helpers.DefaultString(h.ListeningAddress, ":8888")
+	h.ListeningAddress = gosettings.DefaultComparable(h.ListeningAddress, ":8888")
-	h.Enabled = helpers.DefaultBool(h.Enabled, false)
+	h.Enabled = gosettings.DefaultPointer(h.Enabled, false)
-	h.Stealth = helpers.DefaultBool(h.Stealth, false)
+	h.Stealth = gosettings.DefaultPointer(h.Stealth, false)
-	h.Log = helpers.DefaultBool(h.Log, false)
+	h.Log = gosettings.DefaultPointer(h.Log, false)
+	const defaultReadHeaderTimeout = time.Second
+	h.ReadHeaderTimeout = gosettings.DefaultComparable(h.ReadHeaderTimeout, defaultReadHeaderTimeout)
+	const defaultReadTimeout = 3 * time.Second
+	h.ReadTimeout = gosettings.DefaultComparable(h.ReadTimeout, defaultReadTimeout)
 }
 
 func (h HTTPProxy) String() string {
@@ -97,16 +100,83 @@ func (h HTTPProxy) String() string {
 
 func (h HTTPProxy) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("HTTP proxy settings:")
-	node.Appendf("Enabled: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(h.Enabled))
+	node.Appendf("Enabled: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(h.Enabled))
 	if !*h.Enabled {
 		return node
 	}
 
 	node.Appendf("Listening address: %s", h.ListeningAddress)
 	node.Appendf("User: %s", *h.User)
-	node.Appendf("Password: %s", helpers.ObfuscatePassword(*h.Password))
+	node.Appendf("Password: %s", gosettings.ObfuscateKey(*h.Password))
-	node.Appendf("Stealth mode: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(h.Stealth))
+	node.Appendf("Stealth mode: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(h.Stealth))
-	node.Appendf("Log: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(h.Log))
+	node.Appendf("Log: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(h.Log))
+	node.Appendf("Read header timeout: %s", h.ReadHeaderTimeout)
+	node.Appendf("Read timeout: %s", h.ReadTimeout)
 
 	return node
 }
+
+func (h *HTTPProxy) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	h.User = r.Get("HTTPPROXY_USER",
+		reader.RetroKeys("PROXY_USER", "TINYPROXY_USER"),
+		reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+
+	h.Password = r.Get("HTTPPROXY_PASSWORD",
+		reader.RetroKeys("PROXY_PASSWORD", "TINYPROXY_PASSWORD"),
+		reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+
+	h.ListeningAddress, err = readHTTProxyListeningAddress(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	h.Enabled, err = r.BoolPtr("HTTPPROXY", reader.RetroKeys("PROXY", "TINYPROXY"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	h.Stealth, err = r.BoolPtr("HTTPPROXY_STEALTH")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	h.Log, err = readHTTProxyLog(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func readHTTProxyListeningAddress(r *reader.Reader) (listeningAddress string, err error) {
+	// Retro-compatible keys using a port only
+	port, err := r.Uint16Ptr("",
+		reader.RetroKeys("HTTPPROXY_PORT", "TINYPROXY_PORT", "PROXY_PORT"),
+		reader.IsRetro("HTTPPROXY_LISTENING_ADDRESS"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	} else if port != nil {
+		return fmt.Sprintf(":%d", *port), nil
+	}
+	const currentKey = "HTTPPROXY_LISTENING_ADDRESS"
+	return r.String(currentKey), nil
+}
+
+func readHTTProxyLog(r *reader.Reader) (enabled *bool, err error) {
+	const currentKey = "HTTPPROXY_LOG"
+	// Retro-compatible keys using different boolean verbs
+	value := r.String("",
+		reader.RetroKeys("PROXY_LOG", "TINYPROXY_LOG"),
+		reader.IsRetro(currentKey))
+	switch strings.ToLower(value) {
+	case "":
+		return r.BoolPtr(currentKey)
+	case "on", "info", "connect", "notice":
+		return ptrTo(true), nil
+	case "disabled", "no", "off":
+		return ptrTo(false), nil
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("HTTP retro-compatible proxy log setting: %w: %s",
+			ErrValueUnknown, value)
+	}
+}

internal/configuration/settings/interfaces.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package settings
+
+type Warner interface {
+	Warn(message string)
+}

internal/configuration/settings/log.go

@@ -1,43 +1,44 @@
 package settings
 
 import (
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"fmt"
-	"github.com/qdm12/golibs/logging"
+
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
+	"github.com/qdm12/log"
 )
 
 // Log contains settings to configure the logger.
 type Log struct {
 	// Level is the log level of the logger.
-	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
+	// It cannot be empty in the internal state.
-	Level *logging.Level
+	Level string
 }
 
 func (l Log) validate() (err error) {
+	_, err = log.ParseLevel(l.Level)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("level: %w", err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (l *Log) copy() (copied Log) {
 	return Log{
-		Level: helpers.CopyLogLevelPtr(l.Level),
+		Level: l.Level,
 	}
 }
 
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-func (l *Log) mergeWith(other Log) {
-	l.Level = helpers.MergeWithLogLevel(l.Level, other.Level)
-}
-
 // overrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
 // settings object with any field set in the other
 // settings.
 func (l *Log) overrideWith(other Log) {
-	l.Level = helpers.OverrideWithLogLevel(l.Level, other.Level)
+	l.Level = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(l.Level, other.Level)
 }
 
 func (l *Log) setDefaults() {
-	l.Level = helpers.DefaultLogLevel(l.Level, logging.LevelInfo)
+	l.Level = gosettings.DefaultComparable(l.Level, log.LevelInfo.String())
 }
 
 func (l Log) String() string {
@@ -46,6 +47,11 @@ func (l Log) String() string {
 
 func (l Log) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("Log settings:")
-	node.Appendf("Log level: %s", l.Level.String())
+	node.Appendf("Log level: %s", l.Level)
 	return node
 }
+
+func (l *Log) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	l.Level = r.String("LOG_LEVEL")
+	return nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/mocks_generate_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package settings
+
+//go:generate mockgen -destination=mocks_test.go -package=$GOPACKAGE . Warner
+//go:generate mockgen -destination=mocks_reader_test.go -package=$GOPACKAGE github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader Source

internal/configuration/settings/mocks_reader_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// Code generated by MockGen. DO NOT EDIT.
+// Source: github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader (interfaces: Source)
+
+// Package settings is a generated GoMock package.
+package settings
+
+import (
+	reflect "reflect"
+
+	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+)
+
+// MockSource is a mock of Source interface.
+type MockSource struct {
+	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
+	recorder *MockSourceMockRecorder
+}
+
+// MockSourceMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockSource.
+type MockSourceMockRecorder struct {
+	mock *MockSource
+}
+
+// NewMockSource creates a new mock instance.
+func NewMockSource(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockSource {
+	mock := &MockSource{ctrl: ctrl}
+	mock.recorder = &MockSourceMockRecorder{mock}
+	return mock
+}
+
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
+func (m *MockSource) EXPECT() *MockSourceMockRecorder {
+	return m.recorder
+}
+
+// Get mocks base method.
+func (m *MockSource) Get(arg0 string) (string, bool) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "Get", arg0)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(string)
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(bool)
+	return ret0, ret1
+}
+
+// Get indicates an expected call of Get.
+func (mr *MockSourceMockRecorder) Get(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Get", reflect.TypeOf((*MockSource)(nil).Get), arg0)
+}
+
+// KeyTransform mocks base method.
+func (m *MockSource) KeyTransform(arg0 string) string {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "KeyTransform", arg0)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(string)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// KeyTransform indicates an expected call of KeyTransform.
+func (mr *MockSourceMockRecorder) KeyTransform(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "KeyTransform", reflect.TypeOf((*MockSource)(nil).KeyTransform), arg0)
+}
+
+// String mocks base method.
+func (m *MockSource) String() string {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "String")
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(string)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// String indicates an expected call of String.
+func (mr *MockSourceMockRecorder) String() *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "String", reflect.TypeOf((*MockSource)(nil).String))
+}

internal/configuration/settings/mocks_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Code generated by MockGen. DO NOT EDIT.
+// Source: github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings (interfaces: Warner)
+
+// Package settings is a generated GoMock package.
+package settings
+
+import (
+	reflect "reflect"
+
+	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+)
+
+// MockWarner is a mock of Warner interface.
+type MockWarner struct {
+	ctrl     *gomock.Controller
+	recorder *MockWarnerMockRecorder
+}
+
+// MockWarnerMockRecorder is the mock recorder for MockWarner.
+type MockWarnerMockRecorder struct {
+	mock *MockWarner
+}
+
+// NewMockWarner creates a new mock instance.
+func NewMockWarner(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *MockWarner {
+	mock := &MockWarner{ctrl: ctrl}
+	mock.recorder = &MockWarnerMockRecorder{mock}
+	return mock
+}
+
+// EXPECT returns an object that allows the caller to indicate expected use.
+func (m *MockWarner) EXPECT() *MockWarnerMockRecorder {
+	return m.recorder
+}
+
+// Warn mocks base method.
+func (m *MockWarner) Warn(arg0 string) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	m.ctrl.Call(m, "Warn", arg0)
+}
+
+// Warn indicates an expected call of Warn.
+func (mr *MockWarnerMockRecorder) Warn(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "Warn", reflect.TypeOf((*MockWarner)(nil).Warn), arg0)
+}

internal/configuration/settings/nordvpn_retro.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package settings
+
+// Retro-compatibility because SERVER_REGIONS changed to SERVER_COUNTRIES
+// and SERVER_REGIONS is now the continent field for servers.
+// TODO v4 remove.
+func nordvpnRetroRegion(selection ServerSelection, validRegions, validCountries []string) (
+	updatedSelection ServerSelection,
+) {
+	validRegionsMap := stringSliceToMap(validRegions)
+	validCountriesMap := stringSliceToMap(validCountries)
+
+	updatedSelection = selection.copy()
+	updatedSelection.Regions = make([]string, 0, len(selection.Regions))
+	for _, region := range selection.Regions {
+		_, isValid := validRegionsMap[region]
+		if isValid {
+			updatedSelection.Regions = append(updatedSelection.Regions, region)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		_, isValid = validCountriesMap[region]
+		if !isValid {
+			// Region is not valid for the country or region
+			// just leave it to the validation to fail it later
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Region is not valid for a region, but is a valid country
+		// Handle retro-compatibility and transfer the value to the
+		// country field.
+		updatedSelection.Countries = append(updatedSelection.Countries, region)
+	}
+
+	return updatedSelection
+}
+
+func stringSliceToMap(slice []string) (m map[string]struct{}) {
+	m = make(map[string]struct{}, len(slice))
+	for _, s := range slice {
+		m[s] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	return m
+}

internal/configuration/settings/openvpn.go

@@ -1,146 +1,140 @@
 package settings
 
 import (
+	"encoding/base64"
 	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/openvpn"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/providers"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/openvpn/parse"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/openvpn/extract"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/provider/privateinternetaccess/presets"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/validate"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
 // OpenVPN contains settings to configure the OpenVPN client.
 type OpenVPN struct {
 	// Version is the OpenVPN version to run.
-	// It can only be "2.4" or "2.5".
+	// It can only be "2.5" or "2.6".
-	Version string
+	Version string `json:"version"`
 	// User is the OpenVPN authentication username.
-	// It cannot be an empty string in the internal state
+	// It cannot be nil in the internal state if OpenVPN is used.
-	// if OpenVPN is used.
+	// It is usually required but in some cases can be the empty string
-	User string
+	// to indicate no user+password authentication is needed.
+	User *string `json:"user"`
 	// Password is the OpenVPN authentication password.
-	// It cannot be an empty string in the internal state
+	// It cannot be nil in the internal state if OpenVPN is used.
-	// if OpenVPN is used.
+	// It is usually required but in some cases can be the empty string
-	Password string
+	// to indicate no user+password authentication is needed.
+	Password *string `json:"password"`
 	// ConfFile is a custom OpenVPN configuration file path.
 	// It can be set to the empty string for it to be ignored.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	ConfFile *string
+	ConfFile *string `json:"config_file_path"`
 	// Ciphers is a list of ciphers to use for OpenVPN,
 	// different from the ones specified by the VPN
 	// service provider configuration files.
-	Ciphers []string
+	Ciphers []string `json:"ciphers"`
 	// Auth is an auth algorithm to use in OpenVPN instead
 	// of the one specified by the VPN service provider.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
 	// It is ignored if it is set to the empty string.
-	Auth *string
+	Auth *string `json:"auth"`
-	// ClientCrt is the OpenVPN client certificate.
+	// Cert is the base64 encoded DER of an OpenVPN certificate for the <cert> block.
-	// This is notably used by Cyberghost.
+	// This is notably used by Cyberghost and VPN secure.
 	// It can be set to the empty string to be ignored.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	ClientCrt *string
+	Cert *string `json:"cert"`
-	// ClientKey is the OpenVPN client key.
+	// Key is the base64 encoded DER of an OpenVPN key.
 	// This is used by Cyberghost and VPN Unlimited.
 	// It can be set to the empty string to be ignored.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	ClientKey *string
+	Key *string `json:"key"`
+	// EncryptedKey is the base64 encoded DER of an encrypted key for OpenVPN.
+	// It is used by VPN secure.
+	// It defaults to the empty string meaning it is not
+	// to be used. KeyPassphrase must be set if this one is set.
+	EncryptedKey *string `json:"encrypted_key"`
+	// KeyPassphrase is the key passphrase to be used by OpenVPN
+	// to decrypt the EncryptedPrivateKey. It defaults to the
+	// empty string and must be set if EncryptedPrivateKey is set.
+	KeyPassphrase *string `json:"key_passphrase"`
 	// PIAEncPreset is the encryption preset for
 	// Private Internet Access. It can be set to an
 	// empty string for other providers.
-	PIAEncPreset *string
+	PIAEncPreset *string `json:"pia_encryption_preset"`
-	// IPv6 is set to true if IPv6 routing should be
-	// set to be tunnel in OpenVPN, and false otherwise.
-	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	IPv6 *bool // TODO automate like with Wireguard
 	// MSSFix is the value (1 to 10000) to set for the
 	// mssfix option for OpenVPN. It is ignored if set to 0.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	MSSFix *uint16
+	MSSFix *uint16 `json:"mssfix"`
 	// Interface is the OpenVPN device interface name.
 	// It cannot be an empty string in the internal state.
-	Interface string
+	Interface string `json:"interface"`
-	// Root is true if OpenVPN is to be run as root,
+	// ProcessUser is the OpenVPN process OS username
-	// and false otherwise. It cannot be nil in the
+	// to use. It cannot be empty in the internal state.
-	// internal state.
+	// It defaults to 'root'.
-	Root *bool
+	ProcessUser string `json:"process_user"`
-	// ProcUser is the OpenVPN process OS username
-	// to use. It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	// This is set and injected at runtime.
-	// TODO only use ProcUser and not Root field.
-	ProcUser string
 	// Verbosity is the OpenVPN verbosity level from 0 to 6.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	Verbosity *int
+	Verbosity *int `json:"verbosity"`
 	// Flags is a slice of additional flags to be passed
 	// to the OpenVPN program.
-	Flags []string
+	Flags []string `json:"flags"`
 }
 
+var ivpnAccountID = regexp.MustCompile(`^(i|ivpn)\-[a-zA-Z0-9]{4}\-[a-zA-Z0-9]{4}\-[a-zA-Z0-9]{4}$`)
+
 func (o OpenVPN) validate(vpnProvider string) (err error) {
 	// Validate version
-	validVersions := []string{constants.Openvpn24, constants.Openvpn25}
+	validVersions := []string{openvpn.Openvpn25, openvpn.Openvpn26}
-	if !helpers.IsOneOf(o.Version, validVersions...) {
+	if err = validate.IsOneOf(o.Version, validVersions...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %q can only be one of %s",
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrOpenVPNVersionIsNotValid, err)
-			ErrOpenVPNVersionIsNotValid, o.Version, strings.Join(validVersions, ", "))
 	}
 
-	isCustom := vpnProvider == constants.Custom
+	isCustom := vpnProvider == providers.Custom
+	isUserRequired := !isCustom &&
+		vpnProvider != providers.Airvpn &&
+		vpnProvider != providers.VPNSecure
 
-	if !isCustom && o.User == "" {
+	if isUserRequired && *o.User == "" {
-		return ErrOpenVPNUserIsEmpty
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrOpenVPNUserIsEmpty)
 	}
 
-	if !isCustom && o.Password == "" {
+	passwordRequired := isUserRequired &&
-		return ErrOpenVPNPasswordIsEmpty
+		(vpnProvider != providers.Ivpn || !ivpnAccountID.MatchString(*o.User))
+
+	if passwordRequired && *o.Password == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrOpenVPNPasswordIsEmpty)
 	}
 
-	// Validate ConfFile
+	err = validateOpenVPNConfigFilepath(isCustom, *o.ConfFile)
-	if isCustom {
+	if err != nil {
-		if *o.ConfFile == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("custom configuration file: %w", err)
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: no file path specified", ErrOpenVPNConfigFile)
-		}
-		err := helpers.FileExists(*o.ConfFile)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrOpenVPNConfigFile, err)
-		}
 	}
 
-	// Check client certificate
+	err = validateOpenVPNClientCertificate(vpnProvider, *o.Cert)
-	switch vpnProvider {
+	if err != nil {
-	case
+		return fmt.Errorf("client certificate: %w", err)
-		constants.Cyberghost,
-		constants.VPNUnlimited:
-		if *o.ClientCrt == "" {
-			return ErrOpenVPNClientCertMissing
-		}
-	}
-	if *o.ClientCrt != "" {
-		_, err = parse.ExtractCert([]byte(*o.ClientCrt))
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrOpenVPNClientCertNotValid, err)
-		}
 	}
 
-	// Check client key
+	err = validateOpenVPNClientKey(vpnProvider, *o.Key)
-	switch vpnProvider {
+	if err != nil {
-	case
+		return fmt.Errorf("client key: %w", err)
-		constants.Cyberghost,
+	}
-		constants.VPNUnlimited,
+
-		constants.Wevpn:
+	err = validateOpenVPNEncryptedKey(vpnProvider, *o.EncryptedKey)
-		if *o.ClientKey == "" {
+	if err != nil {
-			return ErrOpenVPNClientKeyMissing
+		return fmt.Errorf("encrypted key: %w", err)
-		}
+	}
-	}
+
-	if *o.ClientKey != "" {
+	if *o.EncryptedKey != "" && *o.KeyPassphrase == "" {
-		_, err = parse.ExtractPrivateKey([]byte(*o.ClientKey))
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrOpenVPNKeyPassphraseIsEmpty)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrOpenVPNClientKeyNotValid, err)
-		}
 	}
 
-	// Validate MSSFix
 	const maxMSSFix = 10000
 	if *o.MSSFix > maxMSSFix {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %d is over the maximum value of %d",
@@ -152,7 +146,6 @@ func (o OpenVPN) validate(vpnProvider string) (err error) {
 			ErrOpenVPNInterfaceNotValid, o.Interface, regexpInterfaceName)
 	}
 
-	// Validate Verbosity
 	if *o.Verbosity < 0 || *o.Verbosity > 6 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %d can only be between 0 and 5",
 			ErrOpenVPNVerbosityIsOutOfBounds, o.Verbosity)
@@ -161,93 +154,165 @@ func (o OpenVPN) validate(vpnProvider string) (err error) {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (o *OpenVPN) copy() (copied OpenVPN) {
+func validateOpenVPNConfigFilepath(isCustom bool,
-	return OpenVPN{
+	confFile string,
-		Version:      o.Version,
+) (err error) {
-		User:         o.User,
+	if !isCustom {
-		Password:     o.Password,
+		return nil
-		ConfFile:     helpers.CopyStringPtr(o.ConfFile),
-		Ciphers:      helpers.CopyStringSlice(o.Ciphers),
-		Auth:         helpers.CopyStringPtr(o.Auth),
-		ClientCrt:    helpers.CopyStringPtr(o.ClientCrt),
-		ClientKey:    helpers.CopyStringPtr(o.ClientKey),
-		PIAEncPreset: helpers.CopyStringPtr(o.PIAEncPreset),
-		IPv6:         helpers.CopyBoolPtr(o.IPv6),
-		MSSFix:       helpers.CopyUint16Ptr(o.MSSFix),
-		Interface:    o.Interface,
-		Root:         helpers.CopyBoolPtr(o.Root),
-		ProcUser:     o.ProcUser,
-		Verbosity:    helpers.CopyIntPtr(o.Verbosity),
-		Flags:        helpers.CopyStringSlice(o.Flags),
 	}
+
+	if confFile == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrFilepathMissing)
+	}
+
+	err = validate.FileExists(confFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	extractor := extract.New()
+	_, _, err = extractor.Data(confFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("extracting information from custom configuration file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
 
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
+func validateOpenVPNClientCertificate(vpnProvider,
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
+	clientCert string,
-func (o *OpenVPN) mergeWith(other OpenVPN) {
+) (err error) {
-	o.Version = helpers.MergeWithString(o.Version, other.Version)
+	switch vpnProvider {
-	o.User = helpers.MergeWithString(o.User, other.User)
+	case
-	o.Password = helpers.MergeWithString(o.Password, other.Password)
+		providers.Airvpn,
-	o.ConfFile = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(o.ConfFile, other.ConfFile)
+		providers.Cyberghost,
-	o.Ciphers = helpers.MergeStringSlices(o.Ciphers, other.Ciphers)
+		providers.VPNSecure,
-	o.Auth = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(o.Auth, other.Auth)
+		providers.VPNUnlimited:
-	o.ClientCrt = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(o.ClientCrt, other.ClientCrt)
+		if clientCert == "" {
-	o.ClientKey = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(o.ClientKey, other.ClientKey)
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrMissingValue)
-	o.PIAEncPreset = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(o.PIAEncPreset, other.PIAEncPreset)
+		}
-	o.IPv6 = helpers.MergeWithBool(o.IPv6, other.IPv6)
+	}
-	o.MSSFix = helpers.MergeWithUint16(o.MSSFix, other.MSSFix)
+
-	o.Interface = helpers.MergeWithString(o.Interface, other.Interface)
+	if clientCert == "" {
-	o.Root = helpers.MergeWithBool(o.Root, other.Root)
+		return nil
-	o.ProcUser = helpers.MergeWithString(o.ProcUser, other.ProcUser)
+	}
-	o.Verbosity = helpers.MergeWithInt(o.Verbosity, other.Verbosity)
+
-	o.Flags = helpers.MergeStringSlices(o.Flags, other.Flags)
+	_, err = base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(clientCert)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateOpenVPNClientKey(vpnProvider, clientKey string) (err error) {
+	switch vpnProvider {
+	case
+		providers.Airvpn,
+		providers.Cyberghost,
+		providers.VPNUnlimited,
+		providers.Wevpn:
+		if clientKey == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrMissingValue)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if clientKey == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	_, err = base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(clientKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateOpenVPNEncryptedKey(vpnProvider,
+	encryptedPrivateKey string,
+) (err error) {
+	if vpnProvider == providers.VPNSecure && encryptedPrivateKey == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrMissingValue)
+	}
+
+	if encryptedPrivateKey == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	_, err = base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(encryptedPrivateKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (o *OpenVPN) copy() (copied OpenVPN) {
+	return OpenVPN{
+		Version:       o.Version,
+		User:          gosettings.CopyPointer(o.User),
+		Password:      gosettings.CopyPointer(o.Password),
+		ConfFile:      gosettings.CopyPointer(o.ConfFile),
+		Ciphers:       gosettings.CopySlice(o.Ciphers),
+		Auth:          gosettings.CopyPointer(o.Auth),
+		Cert:          gosettings.CopyPointer(o.Cert),
+		Key:           gosettings.CopyPointer(o.Key),
+		EncryptedKey:  gosettings.CopyPointer(o.EncryptedKey),
+		KeyPassphrase: gosettings.CopyPointer(o.KeyPassphrase),
+		PIAEncPreset:  gosettings.CopyPointer(o.PIAEncPreset),
+		MSSFix:        gosettings.CopyPointer(o.MSSFix),
+		Interface:     o.Interface,
+		ProcessUser:   o.ProcessUser,
+		Verbosity:     gosettings.CopyPointer(o.Verbosity),
+		Flags:         gosettings.CopySlice(o.Flags),
+	}
 }
 
 // overrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
 // settings object with any field set in the other
 // settings.
 func (o *OpenVPN) overrideWith(other OpenVPN) {
-	o.Version = helpers.OverrideWithString(o.Version, other.Version)
+	o.Version = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(o.Version, other.Version)
-	o.User = helpers.OverrideWithString(o.User, other.User)
+	o.User = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.User, other.User)
-	o.Password = helpers.OverrideWithString(o.Password, other.Password)
+	o.Password = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.Password, other.Password)
-	o.ConfFile = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(o.ConfFile, other.ConfFile)
+	o.ConfFile = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.ConfFile, other.ConfFile)
-	o.Ciphers = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(o.Ciphers, other.Ciphers)
+	o.Ciphers = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(o.Ciphers, other.Ciphers)
-	o.Auth = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(o.Auth, other.Auth)
+	o.Auth = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.Auth, other.Auth)
-	o.ClientCrt = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(o.ClientCrt, other.ClientCrt)
+	o.Cert = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.Cert, other.Cert)
-	o.ClientKey = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(o.ClientKey, other.ClientKey)
+	o.Key = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.Key, other.Key)
-	o.PIAEncPreset = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(o.PIAEncPreset, other.PIAEncPreset)
+	o.EncryptedKey = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.EncryptedKey, other.EncryptedKey)
-	o.IPv6 = helpers.OverrideWithBool(o.IPv6, other.IPv6)
+	o.KeyPassphrase = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.KeyPassphrase, other.KeyPassphrase)
-	o.MSSFix = helpers.OverrideWithUint16(o.MSSFix, other.MSSFix)
+	o.PIAEncPreset = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.PIAEncPreset, other.PIAEncPreset)
-	o.Interface = helpers.OverrideWithString(o.Interface, other.Interface)
+	o.MSSFix = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.MSSFix, other.MSSFix)
-	o.Root = helpers.OverrideWithBool(o.Root, other.Root)
+	o.Interface = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(o.Interface, other.Interface)
-	o.ProcUser = helpers.OverrideWithString(o.ProcUser, other.ProcUser)
+	o.ProcessUser = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(o.ProcessUser, other.ProcessUser)
-	o.Verbosity = helpers.OverrideWithInt(o.Verbosity, other.Verbosity)
+	o.Verbosity = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.Verbosity, other.Verbosity)
-	o.Flags = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(o.Flags, other.Flags)
+	o.Flags = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(o.Flags, other.Flags)
 }
 
 func (o *OpenVPN) setDefaults(vpnProvider string) {
-	o.Version = helpers.DefaultString(o.Version, constants.Openvpn25)
+	o.Version = gosettings.DefaultComparable(o.Version, openvpn.Openvpn26)
-	if vpnProvider == constants.Mullvad {
+	o.User = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.User, "")
-		o.Password = "m"
+	if vpnProvider == providers.Mullvad {
+		o.Password = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.Password, "m")
+	} else {
+		o.Password = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.Password, "")
 	}
 
-	o.ConfFile = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(o.ConfFile, "")
+	o.ConfFile = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.ConfFile, "")
-	o.Auth = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(o.Auth, "")
+	o.Auth = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.Auth, "")
-	o.ClientCrt = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(o.ClientCrt, "")
+	o.Cert = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.Cert, "")
-	o.ClientKey = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(o.ClientKey, "")
+	o.Key = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.Key, "")
+	o.EncryptedKey = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.EncryptedKey, "")
+	o.KeyPassphrase = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.KeyPassphrase, "")
 
 	var defaultEncPreset string
-	if vpnProvider == constants.PrivateInternetAccess {
+	if vpnProvider == providers.PrivateInternetAccess {
-		defaultEncPreset = constants.PIAEncryptionPresetStrong
+		defaultEncPreset = presets.Strong
 	}
-	o.PIAEncPreset = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(o.PIAEncPreset, defaultEncPreset)
+	o.PIAEncPreset = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.PIAEncPreset, defaultEncPreset)
-
+	o.MSSFix = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.MSSFix, 0)
-	o.IPv6 = helpers.DefaultBool(o.IPv6, false)
+	o.Interface = gosettings.DefaultComparable(o.Interface, "tun0")
-	o.MSSFix = helpers.DefaultUint16(o.MSSFix, 0)
+	o.ProcessUser = gosettings.DefaultComparable(o.ProcessUser, "root")
-	o.Interface = helpers.DefaultString(o.Interface, "tun0")
+	o.Verbosity = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.Verbosity, 1)
-	o.Root = helpers.DefaultBool(o.Root, true)
-	o.ProcUser = helpers.DefaultString(o.ProcUser, "root")
-	o.Verbosity = helpers.DefaultInt(o.Verbosity, 1)
 }
 
 func (o OpenVPN) String() string {
@@ -257,8 +322,8 @@ func (o OpenVPN) String() string {
 func (o OpenVPN) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("OpenVPN settings:")
 	node.Appendf("OpenVPN version: %s", o.Version)
-	node.Appendf("User: %s", helpers.ObfuscatePassword(o.User))
+	node.Appendf("User: %s", gosettings.ObfuscateKey(*o.User))
-	node.Appendf("Password: %s", helpers.ObfuscatePassword(o.Password))
+	node.Appendf("Password: %s", gosettings.ObfuscateKey(*o.Password))
 
 	if *o.ConfFile != "" {
 		node.Appendf("Custom configuration file: %s", *o.ConfFile)
@@ -272,20 +337,23 @@ func (o OpenVPN) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 		node.Appendf("Auth: %s", *o.Auth)
 	}
 
-	if *o.ClientCrt != "" {
+	if *o.Cert != "" {
-		node.Appendf("Client crt: %s", helpers.ObfuscateData(*o.ClientCrt))
+		node.Appendf("Client crt: %s", gosettings.ObfuscateKey(*o.Cert))
 	}
 
-	if *o.ClientKey != "" {
+	if *o.Key != "" {
-		node.Appendf("Client key: %s", helpers.ObfuscateData(*o.ClientKey))
+		node.Appendf("Client key: %s", gosettings.ObfuscateKey(*o.Key))
+	}
+
+	if *o.EncryptedKey != "" {
+		node.Appendf("Encrypted key: %s (key passhrapse %s)",
+			gosettings.ObfuscateKey(*o.EncryptedKey), gosettings.ObfuscateKey(*o.KeyPassphrase))
 	}
 
 	if *o.PIAEncPreset != "" {
 		node.Appendf("Private Internet Access encryption preset: %s", *o.PIAEncPreset)
 	}
 
-	node.Appendf("Tunnel IPv6: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(o.IPv6))
-
 	if *o.MSSFix > 0 {
 		node.Appendf("MSS Fix: %d", *o.MSSFix)
 	}
@@ -294,14 +362,7 @@ func (o OpenVPN) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 		node.Appendf("Network interface: %s", o.Interface)
 	}
 
-	processUser := "root"
+	node.Appendf("Run OpenVPN as: %s", o.ProcessUser)
-	if !*o.Root {
-		processUser = "some non root user" // TODO
-		if o.ProcUser != "" {
-			processUser = o.ProcUser
-		}
-	}
-	node.Appendf("Run OpenVPN as: %s", processUser)
 
 	node.Appendf("Verbosity level: %d", *o.Verbosity)
 
@@ -318,3 +379,58 @@ func (o OpenVPN) WithDefaults(provider string) OpenVPN {
 	o.setDefaults(provider)
 	return o
 }
+
+func (o *OpenVPN) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	o.Version = r.String("OPENVPN_VERSION")
+	o.User = r.Get("OPENVPN_USER", reader.RetroKeys("USER"), reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+	o.Password = r.Get("OPENVPN_PASSWORD", reader.RetroKeys("PASSWORD"), reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+	o.ConfFile = r.Get("OPENVPN_CUSTOM_CONFIG", reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+	o.Ciphers = r.CSV("OPENVPN_CIPHERS", reader.RetroKeys("OPENVPN_CIPHER"))
+	o.Auth = r.Get("OPENVPN_AUTH")
+	o.Cert = r.Get("OPENVPN_CERT", reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+	o.Key = r.Get("OPENVPN_KEY", reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+	o.EncryptedKey = r.Get("OPENVPN_ENCRYPTED_KEY", reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+	o.KeyPassphrase = r.Get("OPENVPN_KEY_PASSPHRASE", reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+	o.PIAEncPreset = r.Get("PRIVATE_INTERNET_ACCESS_OPENVPN_ENCRYPTION_PRESET",
+		reader.RetroKeys("ENCRYPTION", "PIA_ENCRYPTION"))
+
+	o.MSSFix, err = r.Uint16Ptr("OPENVPN_MSSFIX")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	o.Interface = r.String("VPN_INTERFACE",
+		reader.RetroKeys("OPENVPN_INTERFACE"), reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+
+	o.ProcessUser, err = readOpenVPNProcessUser(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	o.Verbosity, err = r.IntPtr("OPENVPN_VERBOSITY")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	flagsPtr := r.Get("OPENVPN_FLAGS", reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+	if flagsPtr != nil {
+		o.Flags = strings.Fields(*flagsPtr)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func readOpenVPNProcessUser(r *reader.Reader) (processUser string, err error) {
+	value, err := r.BoolPtr("OPENVPN_ROOT") // Retro-compatibility
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	} else if value != nil {
+		if *value {
+			return "root", nil
+		}
+		const defaultNonRootUser = "nonrootuser"
+		return defaultNonRootUser, nil
+	}
+
+	return r.String("OPENVPN_PROCESS_USER"), nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/openvpn_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package settings
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func Test_ivpnAccountID(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		s     string
+		match bool
+	}{
+		{},
+		{s: "abc"},
+		{s: "i"},
+		{s: "ivpn"},
+		{s: "ivpn-aaaa"},
+		{s: "ivpn-aaaa-aaaa"},
+		{s: "ivpn-aaaa-aaaa-aaa"},
+		{s: "ivpn-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa", match: true},
+		{s: "ivpn-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaa"},
+		{s: "ivpn-a6B7-fP91-Zh6Y", match: true},
+		{s: "i-aaaa"},
+		{s: "i-aaaa-aaaa"},
+		{s: "i-aaaa-aaaa-aaa"},
+		{s: "i-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa", match: true},
+		{s: "i-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaa"},
+		{s: "i-a6B7-fP91-Zh6Y", match: true},
+	}
+
+	for _, testCase := range testCases {
+		t.Run(testCase.s, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			match := ivpnAccountID.MatchString(testCase.s)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, testCase.match, match)
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/configuration/settings/openvpnselection.go

@@ -2,9 +2,15 @@ package settings
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/providers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/provider/privateinternetaccess/presets"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/validate"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
@@ -13,35 +19,42 @@ type OpenVPNSelection struct {
 	// It can be set to an empty string to indicate to
 	// NOT use a custom configuration file.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	ConfFile *string
+	ConfFile *string `json:"config_file_path"`
-	// TCP is true if the OpenVPN protocol is TCP,
+	// Protocol is the OpenVPN network protocol to use,
-	// and false for UDP.
+	// and can be udp or tcp. It cannot be the empty string
-	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
+	// in the internal state.
-	TCP *bool
+	Protocol string `json:"protocol"`
 	// CustomPort is the OpenVPN server endpoint port.
 	// It can be set to 0 to indicate no custom port should
 	// be used. It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	CustomPort *uint16 // HideMyAss, Mullvad, PIA, ProtonVPN, WeVPN, Windscribe
+	CustomPort *uint16 `json:"custom_port"`
 	// PIAEncPreset is the encryption preset for
 	// Private Internet Access. It can be set to an
 	// empty string for other providers.
-	PIAEncPreset *string
+	PIAEncPreset *string `json:"pia_encryption_preset"`
 }
 
 func (o OpenVPNSelection) validate(vpnProvider string) (err error) {
 	// Validate ConfFile
 	if confFile := *o.ConfFile; confFile != "" {
-		err := helpers.FileExists(confFile)
+		err := validate.FileExists(confFile)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrOpenVPNConfigFile, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("configuration file: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
+	err = validate.IsOneOf(o.Protocol, constants.UDP, constants.TCP)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("network protocol: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	// Validate TCP
-	if *o.TCP && helpers.IsOneOf(vpnProvider,
+	if o.Protocol == constants.TCP && helpers.IsOneOf(vpnProvider,
-		constants.Perfectprivacy,
+		providers.Giganews,
-		constants.Privado,
+		providers.Ipvanish,
-		constants.Vyprvpn,
+		providers.Perfectprivacy,
+		providers.Privado,
+		providers.Vyprvpn,
 	) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: for VPN service provider %s",
 			ErrOpenVPNTCPNotSupported, vpnProvider)
@@ -51,60 +64,74 @@ func (o OpenVPNSelection) validate(vpnProvider string) (err error) {
 	if *o.CustomPort != 0 {
 		switch vpnProvider {
 		// no restriction on port
-		case constants.Cyberghost, constants.HideMyAss,
+		case providers.Custom, providers.Cyberghost, providers.HideMyAss,
-			constants.PrivateInternetAccess, constants.Privatevpn,
+			providers.Privatevpn, providers.Torguard:
-			constants.Protonvpn, constants.Torguard:
 		// no custom port allowed
-		case constants.Expressvpn, constants.Fastestvpn,
+		case providers.Expressvpn, providers.Fastestvpn,
-			constants.Ipvanish, constants.Nordvpn,
+			providers.Giganews, providers.Ipvanish, providers.Nordvpn,
-			constants.Privado, constants.Purevpn,
+			providers.Privado, providers.Purevpn,
-			constants.Surfshark, constants.VPNUnlimited,
+			providers.Surfshark, providers.VPNSecure,
-			constants.Vyprvpn:
+			providers.VPNUnlimited, providers.Vyprvpn:
 			return fmt.Errorf("%w: for VPN service provider %s",
 				ErrOpenVPNCustomPortNotAllowed, vpnProvider)
 		default:
 			var allowedTCP, allowedUDP []uint16
 			switch vpnProvider {
-			case constants.Ivpn:
+			case providers.Airvpn:
+				allowedTCP = []uint16{
+					53, 80, 443, // IP in 1, 3
+					1194, 2018, 41185, // IP in 1, 2, 3, 4
+				}
+				allowedUDP = []uint16{53, 80, 443, 1194, 2018, 41185}
+			case providers.Ivpn:
 				allowedTCP = []uint16{80, 443, 1143}
 				allowedUDP = []uint16{53, 1194, 2049, 2050}
-			case constants.Mullvad:
+			case providers.Mullvad:
 				allowedTCP = []uint16{80, 443, 1401}
 				allowedUDP = []uint16{53, 1194, 1195, 1196, 1197, 1300, 1301, 1302, 1303, 1400}
-			case constants.Perfectprivacy:
+			case providers.Perfectprivacy:
 				allowedTCP = []uint16{44, 443, 4433}
 				allowedUDP = []uint16{44, 443, 4433}
-			case constants.Wevpn:
+			case providers.PrivateInternetAccess:
+				allowedTCP = []uint16{80, 110, 443}
+				allowedUDP = []uint16{53, 1194, 1197, 1198, 8080, 9201}
+			case providers.Protonvpn:
+				allowedTCP = []uint16{443, 5995, 8443}
+				allowedUDP = []uint16{80, 443, 1194, 4569, 5060}
+			case providers.SlickVPN:
+				allowedTCP = []uint16{443, 8080, 8888}
+				allowedUDP = []uint16{443, 8080, 8888}
+			case providers.Wevpn:
 				allowedTCP = []uint16{53, 1195, 1199, 2018}
 				allowedUDP = []uint16{80, 1194, 1198}
-			case constants.Windscribe:
+			case providers.Windscribe:
 				allowedTCP = []uint16{21, 22, 80, 123, 143, 443, 587, 1194, 3306, 8080, 54783}
 				allowedUDP = []uint16{53, 80, 123, 443, 1194, 54783}
+			default:
+				panic(fmt.Sprintf("VPN provider %s has no registered allowed ports", vpnProvider))
 			}
 
-			if *o.TCP && !helpers.Uint16IsOneOf(*o.CustomPort, allowedTCP) {
+			allowedPorts := allowedUDP
-				return fmt.Errorf("%w: %d for VPN service provider %s; %s",
+			if o.Protocol == constants.TCP {
-					ErrOpenVPNCustomPortNotAllowed, o.CustomPort, vpnProvider,
+				allowedPorts = allowedTCP
-					helpers.PortChoicesOrString(allowedTCP))
+			}
-			} else if !*o.TCP && !helpers.Uint16IsOneOf(*o.CustomPort, allowedUDP) {
+			err = validate.IsOneOf(*o.CustomPort, allowedPorts...)
-				return fmt.Errorf("%w: %d for VPN service provider %s; %s",
+			if err != nil {
-					ErrOpenVPNCustomPortNotAllowed, o.CustomPort, vpnProvider,
+				return fmt.Errorf("%w: for VPN service provider %s: %w",
-					helpers.PortChoicesOrString(allowedUDP))
+					ErrOpenVPNCustomPortNotAllowed, vpnProvider, err)
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	// Validate EncPreset
-	if vpnProvider == constants.PrivateInternetAccess {
+	if vpnProvider == providers.PrivateInternetAccess {
 		validEncryptionPresets := []string{
-			constants.PIAEncryptionPresetNone,
+			presets.None,
-			constants.PIAEncryptionPresetNormal,
+			presets.Normal,
-			constants.PIAEncryptionPresetStrong,
+			presets.Strong,
 		}
-		if !helpers.IsOneOf(*o.PIAEncPreset, validEncryptionPresets...) {
+		if err = validate.IsOneOf(*o.PIAEncPreset, validEncryptionPresets...); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s; valid presets are %s",
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrOpenVPNEncryptionPresetNotValid, err)
-				ErrOpenVPNEncryptionPresetNotValid, *o.PIAEncPreset,
-				helpers.ChoicesOrString(validEncryptionPresets))
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -113,37 +140,30 @@ func (o OpenVPNSelection) validate(vpnProvider string) (err error) {
 
 func (o *OpenVPNSelection) copy() (copied OpenVPNSelection) {
 	return OpenVPNSelection{
-		ConfFile:     helpers.CopyStringPtr(o.ConfFile),
+		ConfFile:     gosettings.CopyPointer(o.ConfFile),
-		TCP:          helpers.CopyBoolPtr(o.TCP),
+		Protocol:     o.Protocol,
-		CustomPort:   helpers.CopyUint16Ptr(o.CustomPort),
+		CustomPort:   gosettings.CopyPointer(o.CustomPort),
-		PIAEncPreset: helpers.CopyStringPtr(o.PIAEncPreset),
+		PIAEncPreset: gosettings.CopyPointer(o.PIAEncPreset),
 	}
 }
 
-func (o *OpenVPNSelection) mergeWith(other OpenVPNSelection) {
-	o.ConfFile = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(o.ConfFile, other.ConfFile)
-	o.TCP = helpers.MergeWithBool(o.TCP, other.TCP)
-	o.CustomPort = helpers.MergeWithUint16(o.CustomPort, other.CustomPort)
-	o.PIAEncPreset = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(o.PIAEncPreset, other.PIAEncPreset)
-}
-
 func (o *OpenVPNSelection) overrideWith(other OpenVPNSelection) {
-	o.ConfFile = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(o.ConfFile, other.ConfFile)
+	o.ConfFile = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.ConfFile, other.ConfFile)
-	o.TCP = helpers.OverrideWithBool(o.TCP, other.TCP)
+	o.Protocol = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(o.Protocol, other.Protocol)
-	o.CustomPort = helpers.OverrideWithUint16(o.CustomPort, other.CustomPort)
+	o.CustomPort = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.CustomPort, other.CustomPort)
-	o.PIAEncPreset = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(o.PIAEncPreset, other.PIAEncPreset)
+	o.PIAEncPreset = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(o.PIAEncPreset, other.PIAEncPreset)
 }
 
 func (o *OpenVPNSelection) setDefaults(vpnProvider string) {
-	o.ConfFile = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(o.ConfFile, "")
+	o.ConfFile = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.ConfFile, "")
-	o.TCP = helpers.DefaultBool(o.TCP, false)
+	o.Protocol = gosettings.DefaultComparable(o.Protocol, constants.UDP)
-	o.CustomPort = helpers.DefaultUint16(o.CustomPort, 0)
+	o.CustomPort = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.CustomPort, 0)
 
 	var defaultEncPreset string
-	if vpnProvider == constants.PrivateInternetAccess {
+	if vpnProvider == providers.PrivateInternetAccess {
-		defaultEncPreset = constants.PIAEncryptionPresetStrong
+		defaultEncPreset = presets.Strong
 	}
-	o.PIAEncPreset = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(o.PIAEncPreset, defaultEncPreset)
+	o.PIAEncPreset = gosettings.DefaultPointer(o.PIAEncPreset, defaultEncPreset)
 }
 
 func (o OpenVPNSelection) String() string {
@@ -152,7 +172,7 @@ func (o OpenVPNSelection) String() string {
 
 func (o OpenVPNSelection) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("OpenVPN server selection settings:")
-	node.Appendf("Protocol: %s", helpers.TCPPtrToString(o.TCP))
+	node.Appendf("Protocol: %s", strings.ToUpper(o.Protocol))
 
 	if *o.CustomPort != 0 {
 		node.Appendf("Custom port: %d", *o.CustomPort)
@@ -168,3 +188,20 @@ func (o OpenVPNSelection) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 
 	return node
 }
+
+func (o *OpenVPNSelection) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	o.ConfFile = r.Get("OPENVPN_CUSTOM_CONFIG", reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+
+	o.Protocol = r.String("OPENVPN_PROTOCOL", reader.RetroKeys("PROTOCOL"))
+
+	o.CustomPort, err = r.Uint16Ptr("OPENVPN_ENDPOINT_PORT",
+		reader.RetroKeys("PORT", "OPENVPN_PORT", "VPN_ENDPOINT_PORT"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	o.PIAEncPreset = r.Get("PRIVATE_INTERNET_ACCESS_OPENVPN_ENCRYPTION_PRESET",
+		reader.RetroKeys("ENCRYPTION", "PIA_ENCRYPTION"))
+
+	return nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/portforward.go

@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ package settings
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/providers"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/validate"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
@@ -14,57 +15,109 @@ import (
 type PortForwarding struct {
 	// Enabled is true if port forwarding should be activated.
 	// It cannot be nil for the internal state.
-	Enabled *bool
+	Enabled *bool `json:"enabled"`
+	// Provider is set to specify which custom port forwarding code
+	// should be used. This is especially necessary for the custom
+	// provider using Wireguard for a provider where Wireguard is not
+	// natively supported but custom port forwarding code is available.
+	// It defaults to the empty string, meaning the current provider
+	// should be the one used for port forwarding.
+	// It cannot be nil for the internal state.
+	Provider *string `json:"provider"`
 	// Filepath is the port forwarding status file path
 	// to use. It can be the empty string to indicate not
 	// to write to a file. It cannot be nil for the
 	// internal state
-	Filepath *string
+	Filepath *string `json:"status_file_path"`
+	// UpCommand is the command to use when the port forwarding is up.
+	// It can be the empty string to indicate not to run a command.
+	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
+	UpCommand *string `json:"up_command"`
+	// DownCommand is the command to use after the port forwarding goes down.
+	// It can be the empty string to indicate to NOT run a command.
+	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
+	DownCommand *string `json:"down_command"`
+	// ListeningPort is the port traffic would be redirected to from the
+	// forwarded port. The redirection is disabled if it is set to 0, which
+	// is its default as well.
+	ListeningPort *uint16 `json:"listening_port"`
+	// Username is only used for Private Internet Access port forwarding.
+	Username string `json:"username"`
+	// Password is only used for Private Internet Access port forwarding.
+	Password string `json:"password"`
 }
 
-func (p PortForwarding) validate(vpnProvider string) (err error) {
+func (p PortForwarding) Validate(vpnProvider string) (err error) {
 	if !*p.Enabled {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// Validate Enabled
+	// Validate current provider or custom provider specified
-	validProviders := []string{constants.PrivateInternetAccess}
+	providerSelected := vpnProvider
-	if !helpers.IsOneOf(vpnProvider, validProviders...) {
+	if *p.Provider != "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: for provider %s, it is only available for %s",
+		providerSelected = *p.Provider
-			ErrPortForwardingEnabled, vpnProvider, strings.Join(validProviders, ", "))
+	}
+	validProviders := []string{
+		providers.Perfectprivacy,
+		providers.PrivateInternetAccess,
+		providers.Privatevpn,
+		providers.Protonvpn,
+	}
+	if err = validate.IsOneOf(providerSelected, validProviders...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrPortForwardingEnabled, err)
 	}
 
 	// Validate Filepath
 	if *p.Filepath != "" { // optional
 		_, err := filepath.Abs(*p.Filepath)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrPortForwardingFilepathNotValid, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("filepath is not valid: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if providerSelected == providers.PrivateInternetAccess {
+		switch {
+		case p.Username == "":
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrPortForwardingUserEmpty)
+		case p.Password == "":
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrPortForwardingPasswordEmpty)
 		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (p *PortForwarding) copy() (copied PortForwarding) {
+func (p *PortForwarding) Copy() (copied PortForwarding) {
 	return PortForwarding{
-		Enabled:  helpers.CopyBoolPtr(p.Enabled),
+		Enabled:       gosettings.CopyPointer(p.Enabled),
-		Filepath: helpers.CopyStringPtr(p.Filepath),
+		Provider:      gosettings.CopyPointer(p.Provider),
+		Filepath:      gosettings.CopyPointer(p.Filepath),
+		UpCommand:     gosettings.CopyPointer(p.UpCommand),
+		DownCommand:   gosettings.CopyPointer(p.DownCommand),
+		ListeningPort: gosettings.CopyPointer(p.ListeningPort),
+		Username:      p.Username,
+		Password:      p.Password,
 	}
 }
 
-func (p *PortForwarding) mergeWith(other PortForwarding) {
+func (p *PortForwarding) OverrideWith(other PortForwarding) {
-	p.Enabled = helpers.MergeWithBool(p.Enabled, other.Enabled)
+	p.Enabled = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(p.Enabled, other.Enabled)
-	p.Filepath = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(p.Filepath, other.Filepath)
+	p.Provider = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(p.Provider, other.Provider)
-}
+	p.Filepath = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(p.Filepath, other.Filepath)
-
+	p.UpCommand = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(p.UpCommand, other.UpCommand)
-func (p *PortForwarding) overrideWith(other PortForwarding) {
+	p.DownCommand = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(p.DownCommand, other.DownCommand)
-	p.Enabled = helpers.OverrideWithBool(p.Enabled, other.Enabled)
+	p.ListeningPort = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(p.ListeningPort, other.ListeningPort)
-	p.Filepath = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(p.Filepath, other.Filepath)
+	p.Username = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(p.Username, other.Username)
+	p.Password = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(p.Password, other.Password)
 }
 
 func (p *PortForwarding) setDefaults() {
-	p.Enabled = helpers.DefaultBool(p.Enabled, false)
+	p.Enabled = gosettings.DefaultPointer(p.Enabled, false)
-	p.Filepath = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(p.Filepath, "/tmp/gluetun/forwarded_port")
+	p.Provider = gosettings.DefaultPointer(p.Provider, "")
+	p.Filepath = gosettings.DefaultPointer(p.Filepath, "/tmp/gluetun/forwarded_port")
+	p.UpCommand = gosettings.DefaultPointer(p.UpCommand, "")
+	p.DownCommand = gosettings.DefaultPointer(p.DownCommand, "")
+	p.ListeningPort = gosettings.DefaultPointer(p.ListeningPort, 0)
 }
 
 func (p PortForwarding) String() string {
@@ -77,7 +130,18 @@ func (p PortForwarding) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	}
 
 	node = gotree.New("Automatic port forwarding settings:")
-	node.Appendf("Enabled: yes")
+
+	listeningPort := "disabled"
+	if *p.ListeningPort != 0 {
+		listeningPort = fmt.Sprintf("%d", *p.ListeningPort)
+	}
+	node.Appendf("Redirection listening port: %s", listeningPort)
+
+	if *p.Provider == "" {
+		node.Appendf("Use port forwarding code for current provider")
+	} else {
+		node.Appendf("Use code for provider: %s", *p.Provider)
+	}
 
 	filepath := *p.Filepath
 	if filepath == "" {
@@ -85,5 +149,67 @@ func (p PortForwarding) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	}
 	node.Appendf("Forwarded port file path: %s", filepath)
 
+	if *p.UpCommand != "" {
+		node.Appendf("Forwarded port up command: %s", *p.UpCommand)
+	}
+	if *p.DownCommand != "" {
+		node.Appendf("Forwarded port down command: %s", *p.DownCommand)
+	}
+
+	if p.Username != "" {
+		credentialsNode := node.Appendf("Credentials:")
+		credentialsNode.Appendf("Username: %s", p.Username)
+		credentialsNode.Appendf("Password: %s", gosettings.ObfuscateKey(p.Password))
+	}
+
 	return node
 }
+
+func (p *PortForwarding) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	p.Enabled, err = r.BoolPtr("VPN_PORT_FORWARDING",
+		reader.RetroKeys(
+			"PORT_FORWARDING",
+			"PRIVATE_INTERNET_ACCESS_VPN_PORT_FORWARDING",
+		))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	p.Provider = r.Get("VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_PROVIDER")
+
+	p.Filepath = r.Get("VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_STATUS_FILE",
+		reader.ForceLowercase(false),
+		reader.RetroKeys(
+			"PORT_FORWARDING_STATUS_FILE",
+			"PRIVATE_INTERNET_ACCESS_VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_STATUS_FILE",
+		))
+
+	p.UpCommand = r.Get("VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_UP_COMMAND",
+		reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+
+	p.DownCommand = r.Get("VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_DOWN_COMMAND",
+		reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+
+	p.ListeningPort, err = r.Uint16Ptr("VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_LISTENING_PORT")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	usernameKeys := []string{"VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_USERNAME", "OPENVPN_USER", "USER"}
+	for _, key := range usernameKeys {
+		p.Username = r.String(key, reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+		if p.Username != "" {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	passwordKeys := []string{"VPN_PORT_FORWARDING_PASSWORD", "OPENVPN_PASSWORD", "PASSWORD"}
+	for _, key := range passwordKeys {
+		p.Password = r.String(key, reader.ForceLowercase(false))
+		if p.Password != "" {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/portforward_test.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ func Test_PortForwarding_String(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
 	settings := PortForwarding{
-		Enabled: boolPtr(false),
+		Enabled: ptrTo(false),
 	}
 
 	s := settings.String()

internal/configuration/settings/provider.go

@@ -2,53 +2,60 @@ package settings
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/providers"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/vpn"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/validate"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
 // Provider contains settings specific to a VPN provider.
 type Provider struct {
 	// Name is the VPN service provider name.
-	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
+	// It cannot be the empty string in the internal state.
-	Name *string
+	Name string `json:"name"`
 	// ServerSelection is the settings to
 	// select the VPN server.
-	ServerSelection ServerSelection
+	ServerSelection ServerSelection `json:"server_selection"`
 	// PortForwarding is the settings about port forwarding.
-	PortForwarding PortForwarding
+	PortForwarding PortForwarding `json:"port_forwarding"`
 }
 
 // TODO v4 remove pointer for receiver (because of Surfshark).
-func (p *Provider) validate(vpnType string, allServers models.AllServers) (err error) {
+func (p *Provider) validate(vpnType string, filterChoicesGetter FilterChoicesGetter, warner Warner) (err error) {
 	// Validate Name
 	var validNames []string
-	if vpnType == constants.OpenVPN {
+	if vpnType == vpn.OpenVPN {
-		validNames = constants.AllProviders()
+		validNames = providers.AllWithCustom()
 		validNames = append(validNames, "pia") // Retro-compatibility
 	} else { // Wireguard
 		validNames = []string{
-			constants.Custom,
+			providers.Airvpn,
-			constants.Ivpn,
+			providers.Custom,
-			constants.Mullvad,
+			providers.Fastestvpn,
-			constants.Windscribe,
+			providers.Ivpn,
+			providers.Mullvad,
+			providers.Nordvpn,
+			providers.Protonvpn,
+			providers.Surfshark,
+			providers.Windscribe,
 		}
 	}
-	if !helpers.IsOneOf(*p.Name, validNames...) {
+	if err = validate.IsOneOf(p.Name, validNames...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %q can only be one of %s",
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w for Wireguard: %w", ErrVPNProviderNameNotValid, err)
-			ErrVPNProviderNameNotValid, *p.Name, helpers.ChoicesOrString(validNames))
 	}
 
-	err = p.ServerSelection.validate(*p.Name, allServers)
+	err = p.ServerSelection.validate(p.Name, filterChoicesGetter, warner)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("server selection settings validation failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("server selection: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	err = p.PortForwarding.validate(*p.Name)
+	err = p.PortForwarding.Validate(p.Name)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("port forwarding settings validation failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("port forwarding: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -56,28 +63,22 @@ func (p *Provider) validate(vpnType string, allServers models.AllServers) (err e
 
 func (p *Provider) copy() (copied Provider) {
 	return Provider{
-		Name:            helpers.CopyStringPtr(p.Name),
+		Name:            p.Name,
 		ServerSelection: p.ServerSelection.copy(),
-		PortForwarding:  p.PortForwarding.copy(),
+		PortForwarding:  p.PortForwarding.Copy(),
 	}
 }
 
-func (p *Provider) mergeWith(other Provider) {
-	p.Name = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(p.Name, other.Name)
-	p.ServerSelection.mergeWith(other.ServerSelection)
-	p.PortForwarding.mergeWith(other.PortForwarding)
-}
-
 func (p *Provider) overrideWith(other Provider) {
-	p.Name = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(p.Name, other.Name)
+	p.Name = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(p.Name, other.Name)
 	p.ServerSelection.overrideWith(other.ServerSelection)
-	p.PortForwarding.overrideWith(other.PortForwarding)
+	p.PortForwarding.OverrideWith(other.PortForwarding)
 }
 
 func (p *Provider) setDefaults() {
-	p.Name = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(p.Name, constants.PrivateInternetAccess)
+	p.Name = gosettings.DefaultComparable(p.Name, providers.PrivateInternetAccess)
-	p.ServerSelection.setDefaults(*p.Name)
 	p.PortForwarding.setDefaults()
+	p.ServerSelection.setDefaults(p.Name, *p.PortForwarding.Enabled)
 }
 
 func (p Provider) String() string {
@@ -86,8 +87,42 @@ func (p Provider) String() string {
 
 func (p Provider) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("VPN provider settings:")
-	node.Appendf("Name: %s", *p.Name)
+	node.Appendf("Name: %s", p.Name)
 	node.AppendNode(p.ServerSelection.toLinesNode())
 	node.AppendNode(p.PortForwarding.toLinesNode())
 	return node
 }
+
+func (p *Provider) read(r *reader.Reader, vpnType string) (err error) {
+	p.Name = readVPNServiceProvider(r, vpnType)
+
+	err = p.ServerSelection.read(r, p.Name, vpnType)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("server selection: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	err = p.PortForwarding.read(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("port forwarding: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func readVPNServiceProvider(r *reader.Reader, vpnType string) (vpnProvider string) {
+	vpnProvider = r.String("VPN_SERVICE_PROVIDER", reader.RetroKeys("VPNSP"))
+	if vpnProvider == "" {
+		if vpnType != vpn.Wireguard && r.Get("OPENVPN_CUSTOM_CONFIG") != nil {
+			// retro compatibility
+			return providers.Custom
+		}
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	vpnProvider = strings.ToLower(vpnProvider)
+	if vpnProvider == "pia" { // retro compatibility
+		return providers.PrivateInternetAccess
+	}
+
+	return vpnProvider
+}

internal/configuration/settings/publicip.go

@@ -3,37 +3,65 @@ package settings
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"time"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/publicip/api"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
 // PublicIP contains settings for port forwarding.
 type PublicIP struct {
-	// Period is the period to get the public IP address.
+	// Enabled is set to true to fetch the public ip address
-	// It can be set to 0 to disable periodic checking.
+	// information on VPN connection. It defaults to true.
-	// It cannot be nil for the internal state.
+	Enabled *bool
-	// TODO change to value and add enabled field
-	Period *time.Duration
 	// IPFilepath is the public IP address status file path
 	// to use. It can be the empty string to indicate not
 	// to write to a file. It cannot be nil for the
 	// internal state
 	IPFilepath *string
+	// APIs is the list of public ip APIs to use to fetch public IP information.
+	// If there is more than one API, the first one is used
+	// by default and the others are used as fallbacks in case of
+	// the service rate limiting us. It defaults to use all services,
+	// with the first one being ipinfo.io for historical reasons.
+	APIs []PublicIPAPI
+}
+
+type PublicIPAPI struct {
+	// Name is the name of the public ip API service.
+	// It can be "cloudflare", "ifconfigco", "ip2location" or "ipinfo".
+	Name string
+	// Token is the token to use for the public ip API service.
+	Token string
+}
+
+// UpdateWith deep copies the receiving settings, overrides the copy with
+// fields set in the partialUpdate argument, validates the new settings
+// and returns them if they are valid, or returns an error otherwise.
+// In all cases, the receiving settings are unmodified.
+func (p PublicIP) UpdateWith(partialUpdate PublicIP) (updatedSettings PublicIP, err error) {
+	updatedSettings = p.copy()
+	updatedSettings.overrideWith(partialUpdate)
+	err = updatedSettings.validate()
+	if err != nil {
+		return updatedSettings, fmt.Errorf("validating updated settings: %w", err)
+	}
+	return updatedSettings, nil
 }
 
 func (p PublicIP) validate() (err error) {
-	const minPeriod = 5 * time.Second
-	if *p.Period < minPeriod {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s must be at least %s",
-			ErrPublicIPPeriodTooShort, p.Period, minPeriod)
-	}
-
 	if *p.IPFilepath != "" { // optional
 		_, err := filepath.Abs(*p.IPFilepath)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrPublicIPFilepathNotValid, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("filepath is not valid: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, publicIPAPI := range p.APIs {
+		_, err = api.ParseProvider(publicIPAPI.Name)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("API name: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -42,25 +70,27 @@ func (p PublicIP) validate() (err error) {
 
 func (p *PublicIP) copy() (copied PublicIP) {
 	return PublicIP{
-		Period:     helpers.CopyDurationPtr(p.Period),
+		Enabled:    gosettings.CopyPointer(p.Enabled),
-		IPFilepath: helpers.CopyStringPtr(p.IPFilepath),
+		IPFilepath: gosettings.CopyPointer(p.IPFilepath),
+		APIs:       gosettings.CopySlice(p.APIs),
 	}
 }
 
-func (p *PublicIP) mergeWith(other PublicIP) {
-	p.Period = helpers.MergeWithDuration(p.Period, other.Period)
-	p.IPFilepath = helpers.MergeWithStringPtr(p.IPFilepath, other.IPFilepath)
-}
-
 func (p *PublicIP) overrideWith(other PublicIP) {
-	p.Period = helpers.OverrideWithDuration(p.Period, other.Period)
+	p.Enabled = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(p.Enabled, other.Enabled)
-	p.IPFilepath = helpers.OverrideWithStringPtr(p.IPFilepath, other.IPFilepath)
+	p.IPFilepath = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(p.IPFilepath, other.IPFilepath)
+	p.APIs = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(p.APIs, other.APIs)
 }
 
 func (p *PublicIP) setDefaults() {
-	const defaultPeriod = 12 * time.Hour
+	p.Enabled = gosettings.DefaultPointer(p.Enabled, true)
-	p.Period = helpers.DefaultDuration(p.Period, defaultPeriod)
+	p.IPFilepath = gosettings.DefaultPointer(p.IPFilepath, "/tmp/gluetun/ip")
-	p.IPFilepath = helpers.DefaultStringPtr(p.IPFilepath, "/tmp/gluetun/ip")
+	p.APIs = gosettings.DefaultSlice(p.APIs, []PublicIPAPI{
+		{Name: string(api.IPInfo)},
+		{Name: string(api.Cloudflare)},
+		{Name: string(api.IfConfigCo)},
+		{Name: string(api.IP2Location)},
+	})
 }
 
 func (p PublicIP) String() string {
@@ -68,22 +98,78 @@ func (p PublicIP) String() string {
 }
 
 func (p PublicIP) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
+	if !*p.Enabled {
+		return gotree.New("Public IP settings: disabled")
+	}
+
 	node = gotree.New("Public IP settings:")
 
-	if *p.Period == 0 {
-		node.Appendf("Enabled: no")
-		return node
-	}
-
-	updatePeriod := "disabled"
-	if *p.Period > 0 {
-		updatePeriod = "every " + p.Period.String()
-	}
-	node.Appendf("Fetching: %s", updatePeriod)
-
 	if *p.IPFilepath != "" {
 		node.Appendf("IP file path: %s", *p.IPFilepath)
 	}
 
+	baseAPIString := "Public IP data base API: " + p.APIs[0].Name
+	if p.APIs[0].Token != "" {
+		baseAPIString += " (token " + gosettings.ObfuscateKey(p.APIs[0].Token) + ")"
+	}
+	node.Append(baseAPIString)
+	if len(p.APIs) > 1 {
+		backupAPIsNode := node.Append("Public IP data backup APIs:")
+		for i := 1; i < len(p.APIs); i++ {
+			message := p.APIs[i].Name
+			if p.APIs[i].Token != "" {
+				message += " (token " + gosettings.ObfuscateKey(p.APIs[i].Token) + ")"
+			}
+			backupAPIsNode.Append(message)
+		}
+	}
+
 	return node
 }
+
+func (p *PublicIP) read(r *reader.Reader, warner Warner) (err error) {
+	p.Enabled, err = readPublicIPEnabled(r, warner)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	p.IPFilepath = r.Get("PUBLICIP_FILE",
+		reader.ForceLowercase(false), reader.RetroKeys("IP_STATUS_FILE"))
+
+	apiNames := r.CSV("PUBLICIP_API")
+	if len(apiNames) > 0 {
+		apiTokens := r.CSV("PUBLICIP_API_TOKEN")
+		p.APIs = make([]PublicIPAPI, len(apiNames))
+		for i := range apiNames {
+			p.APIs[i].Name = apiNames[i]
+			var token string
+			if i < len(apiTokens) { // only set token if it exists
+				token = apiTokens[i]
+			}
+			p.APIs[i].Token = token
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func readPublicIPEnabled(r *reader.Reader, warner Warner) (
+	enabled *bool, err error,
+) {
+	periodPtr, err := r.DurationPtr("PUBLICIP_PERIOD") // Retro-compatibility
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	} else if periodPtr == nil {
+		return r.BoolPtr("PUBLICIP_ENABLED")
+	}
+
+	if *periodPtr == 0 {
+		warner.Warn("please replace PUBLICIP_PERIOD=0 with PUBLICIP_ENABLED=no")
+		return ptrTo(false), nil
+	}
+
+	warner.Warn("PUBLICIP_PERIOD is no longer used. " +
+		"It is assumed from its non-zero value you want PUBLICIP_ENABLED=yes. " +
+		"Please migrate to use PUBLICIP_ENABLED only in the future.")
+	return ptrTo(true), nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/publicip_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+package settings
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func Test_PublicIP_read(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := map[string]struct {
+		makeReader func(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *reader.Reader
+		makeWarner func(ctrl *gomock.Controller) Warner
+		settings   PublicIP
+		errWrapped error
+		errMessage string
+	}{
+		"nothing_read": {
+			makeReader: func(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *reader.Reader {
+				source := newMockSource(ctrl, []sourceKeyValue{
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_PERIOD"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_ENABLED"},
+					{key: "IP_STATUS_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API"},
+				})
+				return reader.New(reader.Settings{
+					Sources: []reader.Source{source},
+				})
+			},
+		},
+		"single_api_no_token": {
+			makeReader: func(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *reader.Reader {
+				source := newMockSource(ctrl, []sourceKeyValue{
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_PERIOD"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_ENABLED"},
+					{key: "IP_STATUS_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API", value: "ipinfo"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API_TOKEN"},
+				})
+				return reader.New(reader.Settings{
+					Sources: []reader.Source{source},
+				})
+			},
+			settings: PublicIP{
+				APIs: []PublicIPAPI{
+					{Name: "ipinfo"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		"single_api_with_token": {
+			makeReader: func(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *reader.Reader {
+				source := newMockSource(ctrl, []sourceKeyValue{
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_PERIOD"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_ENABLED"},
+					{key: "IP_STATUS_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API", value: "ipinfo"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API_TOKEN", value: "xyz"},
+				})
+				return reader.New(reader.Settings{
+					Sources: []reader.Source{source},
+				})
+			},
+			settings: PublicIP{
+				APIs: []PublicIPAPI{
+					{Name: "ipinfo", Token: "xyz"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		"multiple_apis_no_token": {
+			makeReader: func(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *reader.Reader {
+				source := newMockSource(ctrl, []sourceKeyValue{
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_PERIOD"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_ENABLED"},
+					{key: "IP_STATUS_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API", value: "ipinfo,ip2location"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API_TOKEN"},
+				})
+				return reader.New(reader.Settings{
+					Sources: []reader.Source{source},
+				})
+			},
+			settings: PublicIP{
+				APIs: []PublicIPAPI{
+					{Name: "ipinfo"},
+					{Name: "ip2location"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		"multiple_apis_with_token": {
+			makeReader: func(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *reader.Reader {
+				source := newMockSource(ctrl, []sourceKeyValue{
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_PERIOD"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_ENABLED"},
+					{key: "IP_STATUS_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API", value: "ipinfo,ip2location"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API_TOKEN", value: "xyz,abc"},
+				})
+				return reader.New(reader.Settings{
+					Sources: []reader.Source{source},
+				})
+			},
+			settings: PublicIP{
+				APIs: []PublicIPAPI{
+					{Name: "ipinfo", Token: "xyz"},
+					{Name: "ip2location", Token: "abc"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		"multiple_apis_with_and_without_token": {
+			makeReader: func(ctrl *gomock.Controller) *reader.Reader {
+				source := newMockSource(ctrl, []sourceKeyValue{
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_PERIOD"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_ENABLED"},
+					{key: "IP_STATUS_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_FILE"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API", value: "ipinfo,ip2location"},
+					{key: "PUBLICIP_API_TOKEN", value: "xyz"},
+				})
+				return reader.New(reader.Settings{
+					Sources: []reader.Source{source},
+				})
+			},
+			settings: PublicIP{
+				APIs: []PublicIPAPI{
+					{Name: "ipinfo", Token: "xyz"},
+					{Name: "ip2location"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for name, testCase := range testCases {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
+
+			reader := testCase.makeReader(ctrl)
+			var warner Warner
+			if testCase.makeWarner != nil {
+				warner = testCase.makeWarner(ctrl)
+			}
+
+			var settings PublicIP
+			err := settings.read(reader, warner)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, testCase.settings, settings)
+			assert.ErrorIs(t, err, testCase.errWrapped)
+			if testCase.errWrapped != nil {
+				assert.EqualError(t, err, testCase.errMessage)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/configuration/settings/server.go

@@ -1,31 +1,68 @@
 package settings
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"os"
+	"strconv"
 
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/server/middlewares/auth"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
 // ControlServer contains settings to customize the control server operation.
 type ControlServer struct {
-	// Port is the listening port to use.
+	// Address is the listening address to use.
-	// It can be set to 0 to bind to a random port.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
-	// TODO change to address
+	Address *string
-	Port *uint16
 	// Log can be true or false to enable logging on requests.
 	// It cannot be nil in the internal state.
 	Log *bool
+	// AuthFilePath is the path to the file containing the authentication
+	// configuration for the middleware.
+	// It cannot be empty in the internal state and defaults to
+	// /gluetun/auth/config.toml.
+	AuthFilePath string
+	// AuthDefaultRole is a JSON encoded object defining the default role
+	// that applies to all routes without a previously user-defined role assigned to.
+	AuthDefaultRole string
 }
 
 func (c ControlServer) validate() (err error) {
+	_, portStr, err := net.SplitHostPort(*c.Address)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("listening address is not valid: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	port, err := strconv.Atoi(portStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("listening port it not valid: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	uid := os.Getuid()
-	const maxPrivilegedPort uint16 = 1023
+	const maxPrivilegedPort = 1023
-	if uid != 0 && *c.Port <= maxPrivilegedPort {
+	if uid != 0 && port != 0 && port <= maxPrivilegedPort {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %d when running with user ID %d",
-			ErrControlServerPrivilegedPort, *c.Port, uid)
+			ErrControlServerPrivilegedPort, port, uid)
+	}
+
+	jsonDecoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewBufferString(c.AuthDefaultRole))
+	jsonDecoder.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	var role auth.Role
+	err = jsonDecoder.Decode(&role)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("default authentication role is not valid JSON: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if role.Auth != "" {
+		err = role.Validate()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("default authentication role is not valid: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -33,30 +70,35 @@ func (c ControlServer) validate() (err error) {
 
 func (c *ControlServer) copy() (copied ControlServer) {
 	return ControlServer{
-		Port: helpers.CopyUint16Ptr(c.Port),
+		Address:         gosettings.CopyPointer(c.Address),
-		Log:  helpers.CopyBoolPtr(c.Log),
+		Log:             gosettings.CopyPointer(c.Log),
+		AuthFilePath:    c.AuthFilePath,
+		AuthDefaultRole: c.AuthDefaultRole,
 	}
 }
 
-// mergeWith merges the other settings into any
-// unset field of the receiver settings object.
-func (c *ControlServer) mergeWith(other ControlServer) {
-	c.Port = helpers.MergeWithUint16(c.Port, other.Port)
-	c.Log = helpers.MergeWithBool(c.Log, other.Log)
-}
-
 // overrideWith overrides fields of the receiver
 // settings object with any field set in the other
 // settings.
 func (c *ControlServer) overrideWith(other ControlServer) {
-	c.Port = helpers.MergeWithUint16(c.Port, other.Port)
+	c.Address = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(c.Address, other.Address)
-	c.Log = helpers.MergeWithBool(c.Log, other.Log)
+	c.Log = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(c.Log, other.Log)
+	c.AuthFilePath = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(c.AuthFilePath, other.AuthFilePath)
+	c.AuthDefaultRole = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(c.AuthDefaultRole, other.AuthDefaultRole)
 }
 
 func (c *ControlServer) setDefaults() {
-	const defaultPort = 8000
+	c.Address = gosettings.DefaultPointer(c.Address, ":8000")
-	c.Port = helpers.DefaultUint16(c.Port, defaultPort)
+	c.Log = gosettings.DefaultPointer(c.Log, true)
-	c.Log = helpers.DefaultBool(c.Log, true)
+	c.AuthFilePath = gosettings.DefaultComparable(c.AuthFilePath, "/gluetun/auth/config.toml")
+	c.AuthDefaultRole = gosettings.DefaultComparable(c.AuthDefaultRole, "{}")
+	if c.AuthDefaultRole != "{}" {
+		var role auth.Role
+		_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(c.AuthDefaultRole), &role)
+		role.Name = "default"
+		roleBytes, _ := json.Marshal(role) //nolint:errchkjson
+		c.AuthDefaultRole = string(roleBytes)
+	}
 }
 
 func (c ControlServer) String() string {
@@ -65,7 +107,27 @@ func (c ControlServer) String() string {
 
 func (c ControlServer) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("Control server settings:")
-	node.Appendf("Listening port: %d", *c.Port)
+	node.Appendf("Listening address: %s", *c.Address)
-	node.Appendf("Logging: %s", helpers.BoolPtrToYesNo(c.Log))
+	node.Appendf("Logging: %s", gosettings.BoolToYesNo(c.Log))
+	node.Appendf("Authentication file path: %s", c.AuthFilePath)
+	if c.AuthDefaultRole != "{}" {
+		var role auth.Role
+		_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(c.AuthDefaultRole), &role)
+		node.AppendNode(role.ToLinesNode())
+	}
 	return node
 }
+
+func (c *ControlServer) read(r *reader.Reader) (err error) {
+	c.Log, err = r.BoolPtr("HTTP_CONTROL_SERVER_LOG")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	c.Address = r.Get("HTTP_CONTROL_SERVER_ADDRESS")
+
+	c.AuthFilePath = r.String("HTTP_CONTROL_SERVER_AUTH_CONFIG_FILEPATH")
+	c.AuthDefaultRole = r.String("HTTP_CONTROL_SERVER_AUTH_DEFAULT_ROLE")
+
+	return nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/serverselection.go

@@ -1,315 +1,362 @@
 package settings
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
-	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/validation"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/providers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/vpn"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/validate"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
-type ServerSelection struct { //nolint:maligned
+type ServerSelection struct {
 	// VPN is the VPN type which can be 'openvpn'
 	// or 'wireguard'. It cannot be the empty string
 	// in the internal state.
-	VPN string
+	VPN string `json:"vpn"`
 	// TargetIP is the server endpoint IP address to use.
 	// It will override any IP address from the picked
-	// built-in server. It cannot be nil in the internal
+	// built-in server. It cannot be the empty value in the internal
-	// state, and can be set to an empty net.IP{} to indicate
+	// state, and can be set to the unspecified address to indicate
 	// there is not target IP address to use.
-	TargetIP net.IP
+	TargetIP netip.Addr `json:"target_ip"`
-	// Counties is the list of countries to filter VPN servers with.
+	// Countries is the list of countries to filter VPN servers with.
-	Countries []string
+	Countries []string `json:"countries"`
+	// Categories is the list of categories to filter VPN servers with.
+	Categories []string `json:"categories"`
 	// Regions is the list of regions to filter VPN servers with.
-	Regions []string
+	Regions []string `json:"regions"`
 	// Cities is the list of cities to filter VPN servers with.
-	Cities []string
+	Cities []string `json:"cities"`
 	// ISPs is the list of ISP names to filter VPN servers with.
-	ISPs []string
+	ISPs []string `json:"isps"`
 	// Names is the list of server names to filter VPN servers with.
-	Names []string
+	Names []string `json:"names"`
 	// Numbers is the list of server numbers to filter VPN servers with.
-	Numbers []uint16
+	Numbers []uint16 `json:"numbers"`
 	// Hostnames is the list of hostnames to filter VPN servers with.
-	Hostnames []string
+	Hostnames []string `json:"hostnames"`
-	// OwnedOnly is true if only VPN provider owned servers
+	// OwnedOnly is true if VPN provider servers that are not owned
 	// should be filtered. This is used with Mullvad.
-	OwnedOnly *bool
+	OwnedOnly *bool `json:"owned_only"`
-	// FreeOnly is true if only free VPN servers
+	// FreeOnly is true if VPN servers that are not free should
-	// should be filtered. This is used with ProtonVPN.
+	// be filtered. This is used with ProtonVPN and VPN Unlimited.
-	FreeOnly *bool
+	FreeOnly *bool `json:"free_only"`
-	// FreeOnly is true if only free VPN servers
+	// PremiumOnly is true if VPN servers that are not premium should
-	// should be filtered. This is used with ProtonVPN.
+	// be filtered. This is used with VPN Secure.
-	StreamOnly *bool
+	// TODO extend to providers using FreeOnly.
-	// MultiHopOnly is true if only multihop VPN servers
+	PremiumOnly *bool `json:"premium_only"`
+	// StreamOnly is true if VPN servers not for streaming should
+	// be filtered. This is used with ProtonVPN and VPNUnlimited.
+	StreamOnly *bool `json:"stream_only"`
+	// MultiHopOnly is true if VPN servers that are not multihop
 	// should be filtered. This is used with Surfshark.
-	MultiHopOnly *bool
+	MultiHopOnly *bool `json:"multi_hop_only"`
-
+	// PortForwardOnly is true if VPN servers that don't support
+	// port forwarding should be filtered. This is used with PIA
+	// and ProtonVPN.
+	PortForwardOnly *bool `json:"port_forward_only"`
+	// SecureCoreOnly is true if VPN servers without secure core should
+	// be filtered. This is used with ProtonVPN.
+	SecureCoreOnly *bool `json:"secure_core_only"`
+	// TorOnly is true if VPN servers without tor should
+	// be filtered. This is used with ProtonVPN.
+	TorOnly *bool `json:"tor_only"`
 	// OpenVPN contains settings to select OpenVPN servers
 	// and the final connection.
-	OpenVPN OpenVPNSelection
+	OpenVPN OpenVPNSelection `json:"openvpn"`
 	// Wireguard contains settings to select Wireguard servers
 	// and the final connection.
-	Wireguard WireguardSelection
+	Wireguard WireguardSelection `json:"wireguard"`
 }
 
+var (
+	ErrOwnedOnlyNotSupported       = errors.New("owned only filter is not supported")
+	ErrFreeOnlyNotSupported        = errors.New("free only filter is not supported")
+	ErrPremiumOnlyNotSupported     = errors.New("premium only filter is not supported")
+	ErrStreamOnlyNotSupported      = errors.New("stream only filter is not supported")
+	ErrMultiHopOnlyNotSupported    = errors.New("multi hop only filter is not supported")
+	ErrPortForwardOnlyNotSupported = errors.New("port forwarding only filter is not supported")
+	ErrFreePremiumBothSet          = errors.New("free only and premium only filters are both set")
+	ErrSecureCoreOnlyNotSupported  = errors.New("secure core only filter is not supported")
+	ErrTorOnlyNotSupported         = errors.New("tor only filter is not supported")
+)
+
 func (ss *ServerSelection) validate(vpnServiceProvider string,
-	allServers models.AllServers) (err error) {
+	filterChoicesGetter FilterChoicesGetter, warner Warner,
+) (err error) {
 	switch ss.VPN {
-	case constants.OpenVPN, constants.Wireguard:
+	case vpn.OpenVPN, vpn.Wireguard:
 	default:
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrVPNTypeNotValid, ss.VPN)
 	}
 
-	var countryChoices, regionChoices, cityChoices,
+	filterChoices, err := getLocationFilterChoices(vpnServiceProvider, ss, filterChoicesGetter, warner)
-		ispChoices, nameChoices, hostnameChoices []string
-	switch vpnServiceProvider {
-	case constants.Custom:
-	case constants.Cyberghost:
-		servers := allServers.GetCyberghost()
-		countryChoices = constants.CyberghostCountryChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.CyberghostHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Expressvpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetExpressvpn()
-		countryChoices = constants.ExpressvpnCountriesChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.ExpressvpnCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.ExpressvpnHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Fastestvpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetFastestvpn()
-		countryChoices = constants.FastestvpnCountriesChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.FastestvpnHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.HideMyAss:
-		servers := allServers.GetHideMyAss()
-		countryChoices = constants.HideMyAssCountryChoices(servers)
-		regionChoices = constants.HideMyAssRegionChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.HideMyAssCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.HideMyAssHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Ipvanish:
-		servers := allServers.GetIpvanish()
-		countryChoices = constants.IpvanishCountryChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.IpvanishCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.IpvanishHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Ivpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetIvpn()
-		countryChoices = constants.IvpnCountryChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.IvpnCityChoices(servers)
-		ispChoices = constants.IvpnISPChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.IvpnHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Mullvad:
-		servers := allServers.GetMullvad()
-		countryChoices = constants.MullvadCountryChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.MullvadCityChoices(servers)
-		ispChoices = constants.MullvadISPChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.MullvadHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Nordvpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetNordvpn()
-		regionChoices = constants.NordvpnRegionChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.NordvpnHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Perfectprivacy:
-		servers := allServers.GetPerfectprivacy()
-		cityChoices = constants.PerfectprivacyCityChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Privado:
-		servers := allServers.GetPrivado()
-		countryChoices = constants.PrivadoCountryChoices(servers)
-		regionChoices = constants.PrivadoRegionChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.PrivadoCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.PrivadoHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.PrivateInternetAccess:
-		servers := allServers.GetPia()
-		regionChoices = constants.PIAGeoChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.PIAHostnameChoices(servers)
-		nameChoices = constants.PIANameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Privatevpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetPrivatevpn()
-		countryChoices = constants.PrivatevpnCountryChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.PrivatevpnCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.PrivatevpnHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Protonvpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetProtonvpn()
-		countryChoices = constants.ProtonvpnCountryChoices(servers)
-		regionChoices = constants.ProtonvpnRegionChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.ProtonvpnCityChoices(servers)
-		nameChoices = constants.ProtonvpnNameChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.ProtonvpnHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Purevpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetPurevpn()
-		countryChoices = constants.PurevpnCountryChoices(servers)
-		regionChoices = constants.PurevpnRegionChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.PurevpnCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.PurevpnHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Surfshark:
-		servers := allServers.GetSurfshark()
-		countryChoices = constants.SurfsharkCountryChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.SurfsharkCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.SurfsharkHostnameChoices(servers)
-		regionChoices = constants.SurfsharkRegionChoices(servers)
-		// TODO v4 remove
-		regionChoices = append(regionChoices, constants.SurfsharkRetroLocChoices(servers)...)
-		if err := helpers.AreAllOneOf(ss.Regions, regionChoices); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrRegionNotValid, err)
-		}
-		// Retro compatibility
-		// TODO remove in v4
-		*ss = surfsharkRetroRegion(*ss)
-	case constants.Torguard:
-		servers := allServers.GetTorguard()
-		countryChoices = constants.TorguardCountryChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.TorguardCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.TorguardHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.VPNUnlimited:
-		servers := allServers.GetVPNUnlimited()
-		countryChoices = constants.VPNUnlimitedCountryChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.VPNUnlimitedCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.VPNUnlimitedHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Vyprvpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetVyprvpn()
-		regionChoices = constants.VyprvpnRegionChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Wevpn:
-		servers := allServers.GetWevpn()
-		cityChoices = constants.WevpnCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.WevpnHostnameChoices(servers)
-	case constants.Windscribe:
-		servers := allServers.GetWindscribe()
-		regionChoices = constants.WindscribeRegionChoices(servers)
-		cityChoices = constants.WindscribeCityChoices(servers)
-		hostnameChoices = constants.WindscribeHostnameChoices(servers)
-	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrVPNProviderNameNotValid, vpnServiceProvider)
-	}
-
-	err = validateServerFilters(*ss, countryChoices, regionChoices, cityChoices,
-		ispChoices, nameChoices, hostnameChoices)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err // already wrapped error
 	}
 
-	if ss.VPN == constants.OpenVPN {
+	// Retro-compatibility
+	switch vpnServiceProvider {
+	case providers.Nordvpn:
+		*ss = nordvpnRetroRegion(*ss, filterChoices.Regions, filterChoices.Countries)
+	case providers.Surfshark:
+		*ss = surfsharkRetroRegion(*ss)
+	}
+
+	err = validateServerFilters(*ss, filterChoices, vpnServiceProvider, warner)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("for VPN service provider %s: %w", vpnServiceProvider, err)
+	}
+
+	err = validateSubscriptionTierFilters(*ss, vpnServiceProvider)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("for VPN service provider %s: %w", vpnServiceProvider, err)
+	}
+
+	err = validateFeatureFilters(*ss, vpnServiceProvider)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("for VPN service provider %s: %w", vpnServiceProvider, err)
+	}
+
+	if ss.VPN == vpn.OpenVPN {
 		err = ss.OpenVPN.validate(vpnServiceProvider)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("OpenVPN server selection settings validation failed: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("OpenVPN server selection settings: %w", err)
 		}
 	} else {
 		err = ss.Wireguard.validate(vpnServiceProvider)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("Wireguard server selection settings validation failed: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("Wireguard server selection settings: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+func getLocationFilterChoices(vpnServiceProvider string,
+	ss *ServerSelection, filterChoicesGetter FilterChoicesGetter, warner Warner) (
+	filterChoices models.FilterChoices, err error,
+) {
+	filterChoices = filterChoicesGetter.GetFilterChoices(vpnServiceProvider)
+
+	if vpnServiceProvider == providers.Surfshark {
+		// // Retro compatibility
+		// TODO v4 remove
+		newAndRetroRegions := append(filterChoices.Regions, validation.SurfsharkRetroLocChoices()...) //nolint:gocritic
+		err := atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(ss.Regions, newAndRetroRegions, warner)
+		if err != nil {
+			// Only return error comparing with newer regions, we don't want to confuse the user
+			// with the retro regions in the error message.
+			err = atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(ss.Regions, filterChoices.Regions, warner)
+			return models.FilterChoices{}, fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrRegionNotValid, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return filterChoices, nil
+}
+
 // validateServerFilters validates filters against the choices given as arguments.
 // Set an argument to nil to pass the check for a particular filter.
-func validateServerFilters(settings ServerSelection,
+func validateServerFilters(settings ServerSelection, filterChoices models.FilterChoices,
-	countryChoices, regionChoices, cityChoices, ispChoices,
+	vpnServiceProvider string, warner Warner,
-	nameChoices, hostnameChoices []string) (err error) {
+) (err error) {
-	if countryChoices != nil {
+	err = atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(settings.Countries, filterChoices.Countries, warner)
-		if err := helpers.AreAllOneOf(settings.Countries, countryChoices); err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrCountryNotValid, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrCountryNotValid, err)
-		}
 	}
 
-	if regionChoices != nil {
+	err = atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(settings.Regions, filterChoices.Regions, warner)
-		if err := helpers.AreAllOneOf(settings.Regions, regionChoices); err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrRegionNotValid, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrRegionNotValid, err)
-		}
 	}
 
-	if cityChoices != nil {
+	err = atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(settings.Cities, filterChoices.Cities, warner)
-		if err := helpers.AreAllOneOf(settings.Cities, cityChoices); err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrCityNotValid, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrCityNotValid, err)
-		}
 	}
 
-	if ispChoices != nil {
+	err = atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(settings.ISPs, filterChoices.ISPs, warner)
-		if err := helpers.AreAllOneOf(settings.ISPs, ispChoices); err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrISPNotValid, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrISPNotValid, err)
-		}
 	}
 
-	if hostnameChoices != nil {
+	err = atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(settings.Hostnames, filterChoices.Hostnames, warner)
-		if err := helpers.AreAllOneOf(settings.Hostnames, hostnameChoices); err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrHostnameNotValid, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrHostnameNotValid, err)
-		}
 	}
 
-	if nameChoices != nil {
+	if vpnServiceProvider == providers.Custom {
-		if err := helpers.AreAllOneOf(settings.Names, nameChoices); err != nil {
+		switch len(settings.Names) {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrNameNotValid, err)
+		case 0:
+		case 1:
+			// Allow a single name to be specified for the custom provider in case
+			// the user wants to use VPN server side port forwarding with PIA
+			// which requires a server name for TLS verification.
+			filterChoices.Names = settings.Names
+		default:
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %d names specified instead of "+
+				"0 or 1 for the custom provider",
+				ErrNameNotValid, len(settings.Names))
 		}
 	}
+	err = atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(settings.Names, filterChoices.Names, warner)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrNameNotValid, err)
+	}
+
+	err = atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(settings.Categories, filterChoices.Categories, warner)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %w", ErrCategoryNotValid, err)
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (ss *ServerSelection) copy() (copied ServerSelection) {
+func atLeastOneIsOneOfCaseInsensitive(values, choices []string,
-	return ServerSelection{
+	warner Warner,
-		VPN:          ss.VPN,
+) (err error) {
-		TargetIP:     helpers.CopyIP(ss.TargetIP),
+	if len(values) > 0 && len(choices) == 0 {
-		Countries:    helpers.CopyStringSlice(ss.Countries),
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", validate.ErrNoChoice)
-		Regions:      helpers.CopyStringSlice(ss.Regions),
+	}
-		Cities:       helpers.CopyStringSlice(ss.Cities),
+
-		ISPs:         helpers.CopyStringSlice(ss.ISPs),
+	set := make(map[string]struct{}, len(choices))
-		Hostnames:    helpers.CopyStringSlice(ss.Hostnames),
+	for _, choice := range choices {
-		Names:        helpers.CopyStringSlice(ss.Names),
+		lowercaseChoice := strings.ToLower(choice)
-		Numbers:      helpers.CopyUint16Slice(ss.Numbers),
+		set[lowercaseChoice] = struct{}{}
-		OwnedOnly:    helpers.CopyBoolPtr(ss.OwnedOnly),
+	}
-		FreeOnly:     helpers.CopyBoolPtr(ss.FreeOnly),
+
-		StreamOnly:   helpers.CopyBoolPtr(ss.StreamOnly),
+	invalidValues := make([]string, 0, len(values))
-		MultiHopOnly: helpers.CopyBoolPtr(ss.MultiHopOnly),
+	for _, value := range values {
-		OpenVPN:      ss.OpenVPN.copy(),
+		lowercaseValue := strings.ToLower(value)
-		Wireguard:    ss.Wireguard.copy(),
+		_, ok := set[lowercaseValue]
+		if ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		invalidValues = append(invalidValues, value)
+	}
+
+	switch len(invalidValues) {
+	case 0:
+		return nil
+	case len(values):
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: none of %s is one of the choices available %s",
+			validate.ErrValueNotOneOf, strings.Join(values, ", "), strings.Join(choices, ", "))
+	default:
+		warner.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("values %s are not in choices %s",
+			strings.Join(invalidValues, ", "), strings.Join(choices, ", ")))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateSubscriptionTierFilters(settings ServerSelection, vpnServiceProvider string) error {
+	switch {
+	case *settings.FreeOnly &&
+		!helpers.IsOneOf(vpnServiceProvider, providers.Protonvpn, providers.VPNUnlimited):
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrFreeOnlyNotSupported)
+	case *settings.PremiumOnly &&
+		!helpers.IsOneOf(vpnServiceProvider, providers.VPNSecure):
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrPremiumOnlyNotSupported)
+	case *settings.FreeOnly && *settings.PremiumOnly:
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrFreePremiumBothSet)
+	default:
+		return nil
 	}
 }
 
-func (ss *ServerSelection) mergeWith(other ServerSelection) {
+func validateFeatureFilters(settings ServerSelection, vpnServiceProvider string) error {
-	ss.VPN = helpers.MergeWithString(ss.VPN, other.VPN)
+	switch {
-	ss.TargetIP = helpers.MergeWithIP(ss.TargetIP, other.TargetIP)
+	case *settings.OwnedOnly && vpnServiceProvider != providers.Mullvad:
-	ss.Countries = helpers.MergeStringSlices(ss.Countries, other.Countries)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrOwnedOnlyNotSupported)
-	ss.Regions = helpers.MergeStringSlices(ss.Regions, other.Regions)
+	case vpnServiceProvider == providers.Protonvpn && *settings.FreeOnly && *settings.PortForwardOnly:
-	ss.Cities = helpers.MergeStringSlices(ss.Cities, other.Cities)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: together with free only filter", ErrPortForwardOnlyNotSupported)
-	ss.ISPs = helpers.MergeStringSlices(ss.ISPs, other.ISPs)
+	case *settings.StreamOnly &&
-	ss.Hostnames = helpers.MergeStringSlices(ss.Hostnames, other.Hostnames)
+		!helpers.IsOneOf(vpnServiceProvider, providers.Protonvpn, providers.VPNUnlimited):
-	ss.Names = helpers.MergeStringSlices(ss.Names, other.Names)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrStreamOnlyNotSupported)
-	ss.Numbers = helpers.MergeUint16Slices(ss.Numbers, other.Numbers)
+	case *settings.MultiHopOnly && vpnServiceProvider != providers.Surfshark:
-	ss.OwnedOnly = helpers.MergeWithBool(ss.OwnedOnly, other.OwnedOnly)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrMultiHopOnlyNotSupported)
-	ss.FreeOnly = helpers.MergeWithBool(ss.FreeOnly, other.FreeOnly)
+	case *settings.PortForwardOnly &&
-	ss.StreamOnly = helpers.MergeWithBool(ss.StreamOnly, other.StreamOnly)
+		!helpers.IsOneOf(vpnServiceProvider, providers.PrivateInternetAccess, providers.Protonvpn):
-	ss.MultiHopOnly = helpers.MergeWithBool(ss.MultiHopOnly, other.MultiHopOnly)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrPortForwardOnlyNotSupported)
+	case *settings.SecureCoreOnly && vpnServiceProvider != providers.Protonvpn:
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrSecureCoreOnlyNotSupported)
+	case *settings.TorOnly && vpnServiceProvider != providers.Protonvpn:
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w", ErrTorOnlyNotSupported)
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
 
-	ss.OpenVPN.mergeWith(other.OpenVPN)
+func (ss *ServerSelection) copy() (copied ServerSelection) {
-	ss.Wireguard.mergeWith(other.Wireguard)
+	return ServerSelection{
+		VPN:             ss.VPN,
+		TargetIP:        ss.TargetIP,
+		Countries:       gosettings.CopySlice(ss.Countries),
+		Categories:      gosettings.CopySlice(ss.Categories),
+		Regions:         gosettings.CopySlice(ss.Regions),
+		Cities:          gosettings.CopySlice(ss.Cities),
+		ISPs:            gosettings.CopySlice(ss.ISPs),
+		Hostnames:       gosettings.CopySlice(ss.Hostnames),
+		Names:           gosettings.CopySlice(ss.Names),
+		Numbers:         gosettings.CopySlice(ss.Numbers),
+		OwnedOnly:       gosettings.CopyPointer(ss.OwnedOnly),
+		FreeOnly:        gosettings.CopyPointer(ss.FreeOnly),
+		PremiumOnly:     gosettings.CopyPointer(ss.PremiumOnly),
+		StreamOnly:      gosettings.CopyPointer(ss.StreamOnly),
+		SecureCoreOnly:  gosettings.CopyPointer(ss.SecureCoreOnly),
+		TorOnly:         gosettings.CopyPointer(ss.TorOnly),
+		PortForwardOnly: gosettings.CopyPointer(ss.PortForwardOnly),
+		MultiHopOnly:    gosettings.CopyPointer(ss.MultiHopOnly),
+		OpenVPN:         ss.OpenVPN.copy(),
+		Wireguard:       ss.Wireguard.copy(),
+	}
 }
 
 func (ss *ServerSelection) overrideWith(other ServerSelection) {
-	ss.VPN = helpers.OverrideWithString(ss.VPN, other.VPN)
+	ss.VPN = gosettings.OverrideWithComparable(ss.VPN, other.VPN)
-	ss.TargetIP = helpers.OverrideWithIP(ss.TargetIP, other.TargetIP)
+	ss.TargetIP = gosettings.OverrideWithValidator(ss.TargetIP, other.TargetIP)
-	ss.Countries = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(ss.Countries, other.Countries)
+	ss.Countries = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(ss.Countries, other.Countries)
-	ss.Regions = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(ss.Regions, other.Regions)
+	ss.Categories = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(ss.Categories, other.Categories)
-	ss.Cities = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(ss.Cities, other.Cities)
+	ss.Regions = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(ss.Regions, other.Regions)
-	ss.ISPs = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(ss.ISPs, other.ISPs)
+	ss.Cities = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(ss.Cities, other.Cities)
-	ss.Hostnames = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(ss.Hostnames, other.Hostnames)
+	ss.ISPs = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(ss.ISPs, other.ISPs)
-	ss.Names = helpers.OverrideWithStringSlice(ss.Names, other.Names)
+	ss.Hostnames = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(ss.Hostnames, other.Hostnames)
-	ss.Numbers = helpers.OverrideWithUint16Slice(ss.Numbers, other.Numbers)
+	ss.Names = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(ss.Names, other.Names)
-	ss.OwnedOnly = helpers.OverrideWithBool(ss.OwnedOnly, other.OwnedOnly)
+	ss.Numbers = gosettings.OverrideWithSlice(ss.Numbers, other.Numbers)
-	ss.FreeOnly = helpers.OverrideWithBool(ss.FreeOnly, other.FreeOnly)
+	ss.OwnedOnly = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(ss.OwnedOnly, other.OwnedOnly)
-	ss.StreamOnly = helpers.OverrideWithBool(ss.StreamOnly, other.StreamOnly)
+	ss.FreeOnly = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(ss.FreeOnly, other.FreeOnly)
-	ss.MultiHopOnly = helpers.OverrideWithBool(ss.MultiHopOnly, other.MultiHopOnly)
+	ss.PremiumOnly = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(ss.PremiumOnly, other.PremiumOnly)
+	ss.StreamOnly = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(ss.StreamOnly, other.StreamOnly)
+	ss.SecureCoreOnly = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(ss.SecureCoreOnly, other.SecureCoreOnly)
+	ss.TorOnly = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(ss.TorOnly, other.TorOnly)
+	ss.MultiHopOnly = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(ss.MultiHopOnly, other.MultiHopOnly)
+	ss.PortForwardOnly = gosettings.OverrideWithPointer(ss.PortForwardOnly, other.PortForwardOnly)
 	ss.OpenVPN.overrideWith(other.OpenVPN)
 	ss.Wireguard.overrideWith(other.Wireguard)
 }
 
-func (ss *ServerSelection) setDefaults(vpnProvider string) {
+func (ss *ServerSelection) setDefaults(vpnProvider string, portForwardingEnabled bool) {
-	ss.VPN = helpers.DefaultString(ss.VPN, constants.OpenVPN)
+	ss.VPN = gosettings.DefaultComparable(ss.VPN, vpn.OpenVPN)
-	ss.TargetIP = helpers.DefaultIP(ss.TargetIP, net.IP{})
+	ss.TargetIP = gosettings.DefaultValidator(ss.TargetIP, netip.IPv4Unspecified())
-	ss.OwnedOnly = helpers.DefaultBool(ss.OwnedOnly, false)
+	ss.OwnedOnly = gosettings.DefaultPointer(ss.OwnedOnly, false)
-	ss.FreeOnly = helpers.DefaultBool(ss.FreeOnly, false)
+	ss.FreeOnly = gosettings.DefaultPointer(ss.FreeOnly, false)
-	ss.StreamOnly = helpers.DefaultBool(ss.StreamOnly, false)
+	ss.PremiumOnly = gosettings.DefaultPointer(ss.PremiumOnly, false)
-	ss.MultiHopOnly = helpers.DefaultBool(ss.MultiHopOnly, false)
+	ss.StreamOnly = gosettings.DefaultPointer(ss.StreamOnly, false)
+	ss.SecureCoreOnly = gosettings.DefaultPointer(ss.SecureCoreOnly, false)
+	ss.TorOnly = gosettings.DefaultPointer(ss.TorOnly, false)
+	ss.MultiHopOnly = gosettings.DefaultPointer(ss.MultiHopOnly, false)
+	defaultPortForwardOnly := portForwardingEnabled &&
+		helpers.IsOneOf(vpnProvider, providers.PrivateInternetAccess, providers.Protonvpn)
+	ss.PortForwardOnly = gosettings.DefaultPointer(ss.PortForwardOnly, defaultPortForwardOnly)
 	ss.OpenVPN.setDefaults(vpnProvider)
 	ss.Wireguard.setDefaults()
 }
@@ -321,7 +368,7 @@ func (ss ServerSelection) String() string {
 func (ss ServerSelection) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node = gotree.New("Server selection settings:")
 	node.Appendf("VPN type: %s", ss.VPN)
-	if len(ss.TargetIP) > 0 {
+	if !ss.TargetIP.IsUnspecified() {
 		node.Appendf("Target IP address: %s", ss.TargetIP)
 	}
 
@@ -329,6 +376,10 @@ func (ss ServerSelection) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 		node.Appendf("Countries: %s", strings.Join(ss.Countries, ", "))
 	}
 
+	if len(ss.Categories) > 0 {
+		node.Appendf("Categories: %s", strings.Join(ss.Categories, ", "))
+	}
+
 	if len(ss.Regions) > 0 {
 		node.Appendf("Regions: %s", strings.Join(ss.Regions, ", "))
 	}
@@ -364,15 +415,31 @@ func (ss ServerSelection) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 		node.Appendf("Free only servers: yes")
 	}
 
+	if *ss.PremiumOnly {
+		node.Appendf("Premium only servers: yes")
+	}
+
 	if *ss.StreamOnly {
 		node.Appendf("Stream only servers: yes")
 	}
 
+	if *ss.SecureCoreOnly {
+		node.Appendf("Secure Core only servers: yes")
+	}
+
+	if *ss.TorOnly {
+		node.Appendf("Tor only servers: yes")
+	}
+
 	if *ss.MultiHopOnly {
 		node.Appendf("Multi-hop only servers: yes")
 	}
 
-	if ss.VPN == constants.OpenVPN {
+	if *ss.PortForwardOnly {
+		node.Appendf("Port forwarding only servers: yes")
+	}
+
+	if ss.VPN == vpn.OpenVPN {
 		node.AppendNode(ss.OpenVPN.toLinesNode())
 	} else {
 		node.AppendNode(ss.Wireguard.toLinesNode())
@@ -384,6 +451,96 @@ func (ss ServerSelection) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 // WithDefaults is a shorthand using setDefaults.
 // It's used in unit tests in other packages.
 func (ss ServerSelection) WithDefaults(provider string) ServerSelection {
-	ss.setDefaults(provider)
+	const portForwardingEnabled = false
+	ss.setDefaults(provider, portForwardingEnabled)
 	return ss
 }
+
+func (ss *ServerSelection) read(r *reader.Reader,
+	vpnProvider, vpnType string,
+) (err error) {
+	ss.VPN = vpnType
+
+	ss.TargetIP, err = r.NetipAddr("OPENVPN_ENDPOINT_IP",
+		reader.RetroKeys("OPENVPN_TARGET_IP", "VPN_ENDPOINT_IP"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	countriesRetroKeys := []string{"COUNTRY"}
+	if vpnProvider == providers.Cyberghost {
+		countriesRetroKeys = append(countriesRetroKeys, "REGION")
+	}
+	ss.Countries = r.CSV("SERVER_COUNTRIES", reader.RetroKeys(countriesRetroKeys...))
+
+	ss.Regions = r.CSV("SERVER_REGIONS", reader.RetroKeys("REGION"))
+	ss.Cities = r.CSV("SERVER_CITIES", reader.RetroKeys("CITY"))
+	ss.ISPs = r.CSV("ISP")
+	ss.Hostnames = r.CSV("SERVER_HOSTNAMES", reader.RetroKeys("SERVER_HOSTNAME"))
+	ss.Names = r.CSV("SERVER_NAMES", reader.RetroKeys("SERVER_NAME"))
+	ss.Numbers, err = r.CSVUint16("SERVER_NUMBER")
+	ss.Categories = r.CSV("SERVER_CATEGORIES")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Mullvad only
+	ss.OwnedOnly, err = r.BoolPtr("OWNED_ONLY", reader.RetroKeys("OWNED"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// VPNUnlimited and ProtonVPN only
+	ss.FreeOnly, err = r.BoolPtr("FREE_ONLY")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// VPNSecure only
+	ss.PremiumOnly, err = r.BoolPtr("PREMIUM_ONLY")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Surfshark only
+	ss.MultiHopOnly, err = r.BoolPtr("MULTIHOP_ONLY")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// VPNUnlimited and ProtonVPN only
+	ss.StreamOnly, err = r.BoolPtr("STREAM_ONLY")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// ProtonVPN only
+	ss.SecureCoreOnly, err = r.BoolPtr("SECURE_CORE_ONLY")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// ProtonVPN only
+	ss.TorOnly, err = r.BoolPtr("TOR_ONLY")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// PIA and ProtonVPN only
+	ss.PortForwardOnly, err = r.BoolPtr("PORT_FORWARD_ONLY")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = ss.OpenVPN.read(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = ss.Wireguard.read(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

internal/configuration/settings/settings.go

@@ -2,8 +2,14 @@ package settings
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
 
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/configuration/settings/helpers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/providers"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/constants/vpn"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/models"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gluetun/internal/pprof"
+	"github.com/qdm12/gosettings/reader"
 	"github.com/qdm12/gotree"
 )
 
@@ -16,16 +22,24 @@ type Settings struct {
 	Log           Log
 	PublicIP      PublicIP
 	Shadowsocks   Shadowsocks
+	Storage       Storage
 	System        System
 	Updater       Updater
 	Version       Version
 	VPN           VPN
+	Pprof         pprof.Settings
+}
+
+type FilterChoicesGetter interface {
+	GetFilterChoices(provider string) models.FilterChoices
 }
 
 // Validate validates all the settings and returns an error
 // if one of them is not valid.
 // TODO v4 remove pointer for receiver (because of Surfshark).
-func (s *Settings) Validate(allServers models.AllServers) (err error) {
+func (s *Settings) Validate(filterChoicesGetter FilterChoicesGetter, ipv6Supported bool,
+	warner Warner,
+) (err error) {
 	nameToValidation := map[string]func() error{
 		"control server":  s.ControlServer.validate,
 		"dns":             s.DNS.validate,
@@ -35,18 +49,20 @@ func (s *Settings) Validate(allServers models.AllServers) (err error) {
 		"log":             s.Log.validate,
 		"public ip check": s.PublicIP.validate,
 		"shadowsocks":     s.Shadowsocks.validate,
+		"storage":         s.Storage.validate,
 		"system":          s.System.validate,
 		"updater":         s.Updater.Validate,
 		"version":         s.Version.validate,
+		// Pprof validation done in pprof constructor
 		"VPN": func() error {
-			return s.VPN.validate(allServers)
+			return s.VPN.Validate(filterChoicesGetter, ipv6Supported, warner)
 		},
 	}
 
 	for name, validation := range nameToValidation {
 		err = validation()
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed validating %s settings: %w", name, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s settings: %w", name, err)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -63,30 +79,18 @@ func (s *Settings) copy() (copied Settings) {
 		Log:           s.Log.copy(),
 		PublicIP:      s.PublicIP.copy(),
 		Shadowsocks:   s.Shadowsocks.copy(),
+		Storage:       s.Storage.copy(),
 		System:        s.System.copy(),
 		Updater:       s.Updater.copy(),
 		Version:       s.Version.copy(),
-		VPN:           s.VPN.copy(),
+		VPN:           s.VPN.Copy(),
+		Pprof:         s.Pprof.Copy(),
 	}
 }
 
-func (s *Settings) MergeWith(other Settings) {
-	s.ControlServer.mergeWith(other.ControlServer)
-	s.DNS.mergeWith(other.DNS)
-	s.Firewall.mergeWith(other.Firewall)
-	s.Health.MergeWith(other.Health)
-	s.HTTPProxy.mergeWith(other.HTTPProxy)
-	s.Log.mergeWith(other.Log)
-	s.PublicIP.mergeWith(other.PublicIP)
-	s.Shadowsocks.mergeWith(other.Shadowsocks)
-	s.System.mergeWith(other.System)
-	s.Updater.mergeWith(other.Updater)
-	s.Version.mergeWith(other.Version)
-	s.VPN.mergeWith(other.VPN)
-}
-
 func (s *Settings) OverrideWith(other Settings,
-	allServers models.AllServers) (err error) {
+	filterChoicesGetter FilterChoicesGetter, ipv6Supported bool, warner Warner,
+) (err error) {
 	patchedSettings := s.copy()
 	patchedSettings.ControlServer.overrideWith(other.ControlServer)
 	patchedSettings.DNS.overrideWith(other.DNS)
@@ -96,11 +100,13 @@ func (s *Settings) OverrideWith(other Settings,
 	patchedSettings.Log.overrideWith(other.Log)
 	patchedSettings.PublicIP.overrideWith(other.PublicIP)
 	patchedSettings.Shadowsocks.overrideWith(other.Shadowsocks)
+	patchedSettings.Storage.overrideWith(other.Storage)
 	patchedSettings.System.overrideWith(other.System)
 	patchedSettings.Updater.overrideWith(other.Updater)
 	patchedSettings.Version.overrideWith(other.Version)
-	patchedSettings.VPN.overrideWith(other.VPN)
+	patchedSettings.VPN.OverrideWith(other.VPN)
-	err = patchedSettings.Validate(allServers)
+	patchedSettings.Pprof.OverrideWith(other.Pprof)
+	err = patchedSettings.Validate(filterChoicesGetter, ipv6Supported, warner)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -117,10 +123,12 @@ func (s *Settings) SetDefaults() {
 	s.Log.setDefaults()
 	s.PublicIP.setDefaults()
 	s.Shadowsocks.setDefaults()
+	s.Storage.setDefaults()
 	s.System.setDefaults()
-	s.Updater.SetDefaults()
 	s.Version.setDefaults()
 	s.VPN.setDefaults()
+	s.Updater.SetDefaults(s.VPN.Provider.Name)
+	s.Pprof.SetDefaults()
 }
 
 func (s Settings) String() string {
@@ -138,10 +146,77 @@ func (s Settings) toLinesNode() (node *gotree.Node) {
 	node.AppendNode(s.Shadowsocks.toLinesNode())
 	node.AppendNode(s.HTTPProxy.toLinesNode())
 	node.AppendNode(s.ControlServer.toLinesNode())
+	node.AppendNode(s.Storage.toLinesNode())
 	node.AppendNode(s.System.toLinesNode())
 	node.AppendNode(s.PublicIP.toLinesNode())
 	node.AppendNode(s.Updater.toLinesNode())
 	node.AppendNode(s.Version.toLinesNode())
+	node.AppendNode(s.Pprof.ToLinesNode())
 
 	return node
 }
+
+func (s Settings) Warnings() (warnings []string) {
+	if s.VPN.Provider.Name == providers.HideMyAss {
+		warnings = append(warnings, "HideMyAss dropped support for Linux OpenVPN "+
+			" so this will likely not work anymore. See https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun/issues/1498.")
+	}
+
+	if helpers.IsOneOf(s.VPN.Provider.Name, providers.SlickVPN) &&
+		s.VPN.Type == vpn.OpenVPN {
+		warnings = append(warnings, "OpenVPN 2.5 and 2.6 use OpenSSL 3 "+
+			"which prohibits the usage of weak security in today's standards. "+
+			s.VPN.Provider.Name+" uses weak security which is out "+
+			"of Gluetun's control so the only workaround is to allow such weaknesses "+
+			`using the OpenVPN option tls-cipher "DEFAULT:@SECLEVEL=0". `+
+			"You might want to reach to your provider so they upgrade their certificates. "+
+			"Once this is done, you will have to let the Gluetun maintainers know "+
+			"by creating an issue, attaching the new certificate and we will update Gluetun.")
+	}
+
+	// TODO remove in v4
+	if s.DNS.ServerAddress.Unmap().Compare(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{127, 0, 0, 1})) != 0 {
+		warnings = append(warnings, "DNS address is set to "+s.DNS.ServerAddress.String()+
+			" so the local forwarding DNS server will not be used."+
+			" The default value changed to 127.0.0.1 so it uses the internal DNS server."+
+			" If this server fails to start, the IPv4 address of the first plaintext DNS server"+
+			" corresponding to the first DNS provider chosen is used.")
+	}
+
+	return warnings
+}
+
+func (s *Settings) Read(r *reader.Reader, warner Warner) (err error) {
+	warnings := readObsolete(r)
+	for _, warning := range warnings {
+		warner.Warn(warning)
+	}
+
+	readFunctions := map[string]func(r *reader.Reader) error{
+		"control server": s.ControlServer.read,
+		"DNS":            s.DNS.read,
+		"firewall":       s.Firewall.read,
+		"health":         s.Health.Read,
+		"http proxy":     s.HTTPProxy.read,
+		"log":            s.Log.read,
+		"public ip": func(r *reader.Reader) error {
+			return s.PublicIP.read(r, warner)
+		},
+		"shadowsocks": s.Shadowsocks.read,
+		"storage":     s.Storage.read,
+		"system":      s.System.read,
+		"updater":     s.Updater.read,
+		"version":     s.Version.read,
+		"VPN":         s.VPN.read,
+		"profiling":   s.Pprof.Read,
+	}
+
+	for name, read := range readFunctions {
+		err = read(r)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("reading %s settings: %w", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}