Aktualizacja: 2025-10-16 23:31:18

kvc/DefenderManager.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,4 @@
-/**
- * @file DefenderManager.cpp
- * @brief Implementation of Windows Defender Security Engine management
- * @author Marek Wesolowski
- * @date 2025
- * @copyright KVC Framework
- * 
- * Implements registry-level manipulation of Windows Defender service dependencies.
- * Provides atomic operations for enabling/disabling the security engine by modifying
- * RPC service dependencies in the Windows registry.
- */
+// Implementation of Windows Defender Security Engine management
 
 #include "DefenderManager.h"
 #include "common.h"
@@ -26,47 +16,21 @@ extern void SetColor(int color);
 // PUBLIC INTERFACE IMPLEMENTATION
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Disables Windows Defender security engine
- * 
- * Implementation details:
- * 1. Calls ModifySecurityEngine(false) to perform registry manipulation
- * 2. Provides user feedback through console output
- * 
- * @return bool true if Defender successfully disabled, false on failure
- */
+// Disables Windows Defender security engine by modifying registry dependencies
 bool DefenderManager::DisableSecurityEngine() noexcept 
 {
     std::wcout << L"Disabling Windows Security Engine...\n";
     return ModifySecurityEngine(false);
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Enables Windows Defender security engine
- * 
- * Implementation details:
- * 1. Calls ModifySecurityEngine(true) to perform registry manipulation
- * 2. Provides user feedback through console output
- * 
- * @return bool true if Defender successfully enabled, false on failure
- */
+// Enables Windows Defender security engine by modifying registry dependencies
 bool DefenderManager::EnableSecurityEngine() noexcept 
 {
     std::wcout << L"Enabling Windows Security Engine...\n";
     return ModifySecurityEngine(true);
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Queries current Windows Defender security engine state
- * 
- * Detection logic:
- * 1. Opens Windows Defender service registry key (read-only)
- * 2. Reads DependOnService REG_MULTI_SZ value
- * 3. Searches for RpcSs (enabled) or RpcSt (disabled) in dependencies
- * 4. Returns ENABLED if RpcSs found, DISABLED if RpcSt found, UNKNOWN otherwise
- * 
- * @return SecurityState Current state of Windows Defender security engine
- */
+// Queries current Windows Defender state by checking RpcSs (enabled) or RpcSt (disabled) in service dependencies
 DefenderManager::SecurityState DefenderManager::GetSecurityEngineStatus() noexcept 
 {
     try {
@@ -98,21 +62,7 @@ DefenderManager::SecurityState DefenderManager::GetSecurityEngineStatus() noexce
 // CORE OPERATIONS IMPLEMENTATION
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Core registry manipulation logic for enable/disable operations
- * 
- * Atomic operation sequence:
- * 1. Enable required privileges (SE_BACKUP_NAME, SE_RESTORE_NAME, SE_LOAD_DRIVER_NAME)
- * 2. Create registry snapshot of Services hive to temp file
- * 3. Modify Windows Defender dependencies in temp registry
- * 4. Restore modified registry snapshot to live system
- * 
- * @param enable true to enable Defender (RpcSt→RpcSs), false to disable (RpcSs→RpcSt)
- * @return bool true if all operations successful, false on any failure
- * 
- * @note All operations are atomic - partial failure results in rollback
- * @note Provides detailed console feedback for each step
- */
+// Core registry manipulation logic - creates snapshot, modifies dependencies, and restores atomically
 bool DefenderManager::ModifySecurityEngine(bool enable) noexcept 
 {
     try {
@@ -151,23 +101,7 @@ bool DefenderManager::ModifySecurityEngine(bool enable) noexcept
     }
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Creates temporary registry snapshot for atomic modifications
- * 
- * Process:
- * 1. Get system temp path (Windows\temp)
- * 2. Validate write access to temp directory
- * 3. Clean up any existing Services.hiv file
- * 4. Unload any existing HKLM\Temp registry hive
- * 5. Save HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services to Services.hiv
- * 6. Load Services.hiv as HKLM\Temp for modification
- * 
- * @param ctx [out] Registry context populated with temp paths and hive file
- * @return bool true if snapshot created successfully, false on failure
- * 
- * @note Uses REG_LATEST_FORMAT for maximum compatibility
- * @note Cleans up existing temp hives to prevent conflicts
- */
+// Creates temporary registry snapshot by saving Services hive to temp file and loading as HKLM\Temp
 bool DefenderManager::CreateRegistrySnapshot(RegistryContext& ctx) noexcept 
 {
     ctx.tempPath = ::GetSystemTempPath();
@@ -221,24 +155,7 @@ bool DefenderManager::CreateRegistrySnapshot(RegistryContext& ctx) noexcept
     return true;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Modifies Windows Defender service dependencies in temp registry
- * 
- * Modification logic:
- * 1. Opens HKLM\Temp\WinDefend key (loaded from snapshot)
- * 2. Reads DependOnService REG_MULTI_SZ value
- * 3. Transforms RPC service dependency:
- *    - Enable: RpcSt (inactive stub) → RpcSs (active service)
- *    - Disable: RpcSs (active service) → RpcSt (inactive stub)
- * 4. Writes modified dependencies back to temp registry
- * 
- * @param ctx Registry context with loaded temp hive
- * @param enable true to enable Defender, false to disable
- * @return bool true if dependency modification successful, false on failure
- * 
- * @note Operates only on temp registry (HKLM\Temp), not live system
- * @note Automatically closes registry key handle on exit
- */
+// Modifies Windows Defender service dependencies in temp registry by transforming RpcSs↔RpcSt
 bool DefenderManager::ModifyDefenderDependencies(const RegistryContext& ctx, bool enable) noexcept 
 {
     HKEY tempKey;
@@ -275,22 +192,7 @@ bool DefenderManager::ModifyDefenderDependencies(const RegistryContext& ctx, boo
     return true;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Restores modified registry snapshot to live system registry
- * 
- * Restoration process:
- * 1. Unload temporary HKLM\Temp registry hive (modified snapshot)
- * 2. Open HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services key with write access
- * 3. Restore modified hive file using RegRestoreKeyW with force flag
- * 4. Close registry key handle
- * 
- * @param ctx Registry context with modified hive file path
- * @return bool true if restore successful, false on failure
- * 
- * @warning This operation permanently modifies the live system registry
- * @note Uses REG_FORCE_RESTORE to overwrite existing registry data
- * @note Warnings about failed unload are informational only (non-critical)
- */
+// Restores modified registry snapshot to live system by unloading temp hive and forcing restore
 bool DefenderManager::RestoreRegistrySnapshot(const RegistryContext& ctx) noexcept 
 {
     // Unload temporary registry hive
@@ -320,19 +222,7 @@ bool DefenderManager::RestoreRegistrySnapshot(const RegistryContext& ctx) noexce
 // PRIVILEGE MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Enables all required privileges for registry operations
- * 
- * Required privileges:
- * - SE_BACKUP_NAME: Allows reading registry hives (RegSaveKeyExW)
- * - SE_RESTORE_NAME: Allows writing registry hives (RegRestoreKeyW)
- * - SE_LOAD_DRIVER_NAME: Allows loading/unloading registry hives (RegLoadKeyW/RegUnLoadKeyW)
- * 
- * @return bool true if all three privileges enabled successfully, false if any fails
- * 
- * @note All three privileges must be enabled for registry snapshot operations
- * @note Failure of any single privilege causes entire operation to fail
- */
+// Enables SE_BACKUP_NAME, SE_RESTORE_NAME and SE_LOAD_DRIVER_NAME privileges required for registry operations
 bool DefenderManager::EnableRequiredPrivileges() noexcept 
 {
 	return PrivilegeUtils::EnablePrivilege(SE_BACKUP_NAME) &&
@@ -344,25 +234,7 @@ bool DefenderManager::EnableRequiredPrivileges() noexcept
 // HELPER UTILITIES IMPLEMENTATION
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Reads REG_MULTI_SZ registry value as string vector
- * 
- * Reading process:
- * 1. Query value type and size using RegQueryValueExW (initial call)
- * 2. Validate value is REG_MULTI_SZ type
- * 3. Allocate buffer for value data
- * 4. Read value data into buffer
- * 5. Parse null-terminated strings from buffer
- * 6. Return vector of strings (empty vector on failure)
- * 
- * @param key Open registry key handle with KEY_READ access
- * @param valueName Name of REG_MULTI_SZ value to read
- * @return std::vector<std::wstring> Vector of strings, empty if value doesn't exist or wrong type
- * 
- * @note Returns empty vector if value is wrong type or doesn't exist
- * @note Properly handles null-terminated string array format
- * @note Does not close registry key handle (caller's responsibility)
- */
+// Reads REG_MULTI_SZ registry value as string vector by parsing null-terminated strings
 vector<wstring> DefenderManager::ReadMultiString(HKEY key, const wstring& valueName) noexcept 
 {
     DWORD type, size;
@@ -388,23 +260,7 @@ vector<wstring> DefenderManager::ReadMultiString(HKEY key, const wstring& valueN
     return result;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Writes string vector to REG_MULTI_SZ registry value
- * 
- * Writing process:
- * 1. Create buffer for null-terminated string array
- * 2. Copy each string to buffer with null terminator
- * 3. Add final double null terminator
- * 4. Write buffer to registry using RegSetValueExW
- * 
- * @param key Open registry key handle with KEY_WRITE access
- * @param valueName Name of REG_MULTI_SZ value to write
- * @param values Vector of strings to write
- * @return bool true if write successful, false on failure
- * 
- * @note Properly formats with double null terminator (REG_MULTI_SZ requirement)
- * @note Does not close registry key handle (caller's responsibility)
- */
+// Writes string vector to REG_MULTI_SZ registry value with proper double null terminator
 bool DefenderManager::WriteMultiString(HKEY key, const wstring& valueName, 
                                       const vector<wstring>& values) noexcept 
 {
@@ -425,19 +281,7 @@ bool DefenderManager::WriteMultiString(HKEY key, const wstring& valueName,
 // REGISTRY CONTEXT CLEANUP IMPLEMENTATION
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Cleans up temporary registry files and transaction logs
- * 
- * Cleanup targets:
- * 1. Main hive file (Services.hiv)
- * 2. Transaction logs (Services.hiv.LOG1, Services.hiv.LOG2)
- * 3. Binary log file (Services.hiv.blf)
- * 4. Registry transaction files (*.regtrans-ms in temp directory)
- * 
- * @note Safe to call multiple times (idempotent operation)
- * @note Ignores errors during cleanup (best-effort cleanup)
- * @note Called automatically by RegistryContext destructor
- */
+// Cleans up temporary registry files including hive, transaction logs and regtrans-ms files
 void DefenderManager::RegistryContext::Cleanup() noexcept 
 {
     if (hiveFile.empty()) return;

kvc/Kvc.cpp

@@ -1,19 +1,4 @@
-/**
- * @file kvc.cpp
- * @brief Kernel Vulnerability Capabilities Framework - Main Application Entry Point
- * @author Marek Wesolowski
- * @date 2025
- * @copyright KVC Framework
- * 
- * Main command-line interface for the KVC framework providing:
- * - Process protection manipulation (PP/PPL)
- * - Memory dumping operations
- * - Browser password extraction
- * - Windows Defender management
- * - Registry operations
- * - System service integration
- * - TrustedInstaller privilege escalation
- */
+// Kernel Vulnerability Capabilities Framework - Main Application Entry Point
 
 #include "common.h"
 #include "Controller.h"
@@ -33,10 +18,10 @@
 // GLOBAL STATE
 // ============================================================================
 
-/** @brief Global controller instance for driver and system operations */
+// Global controller instance for driver and system operations
 std::unique_ptr<Controller> g_controller;
 
-/** @brief Signal handler flag for graceful shutdown */
+// Signal handler flag for graceful shutdown
 volatile bool g_interrupted = false;
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -54,13 +39,7 @@ bool InitiateSystemRestart() noexcept;
 // SIGNAL HANDLERS
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Emergency signal handler for Ctrl+C interruption
- * 
- * Ensures proper driver cleanup on emergency exit to prevent system instability.
- * 
- * @param signum Signal number (SIGINT)
- */
+// Emergency signal handler for Ctrl+C - ensures proper driver cleanup to prevent system instability
 void SignalHandler(int signum)
 {
     if (signum == SIGINT) {
@@ -75,15 +54,7 @@ void SignalHandler(int signum)
 // HELPER FUNCTIONS
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Robust PID parsing with comprehensive validation
- * 
- * @param pidStr String view containing PID value
- * @return std::optional<DWORD> Parsed PID or nullopt on invalid input
- * 
- * @note Uses std::from_chars for efficient and safe parsing
- * @note Rejects non-ASCII characters
- */
+// Robust PID parsing with validation using std::from_chars, rejects non-ASCII characters
 std::optional<DWORD> ParsePid(std::wstring_view pidStr) noexcept
 {
     if (pidStr.empty()) return std::nullopt;
@@ -106,12 +77,7 @@ std::optional<DWORD> ParsePid(std::wstring_view pidStr) noexcept
            std::make_optional(result) : std::nullopt;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Checks if string contains only digits
- * 
- * @param str String to validate
- * @return bool true if string is purely numeric
- */
+// Checks if string contains only digits
 bool IsNumeric(std::wstring_view str) noexcept
 {
     if (str.empty()) return false;
@@ -124,14 +90,7 @@ bool IsNumeric(std::wstring_view str) noexcept
     return true;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Recognizes various help flag formats for user convenience
- * 
- * Supports: /?, /help, /h, -?, -help, -h, --help, --h, help, ?
- * 
- * @param arg Argument to check
- * @return bool true if argument is a help flag
- */
+// Recognizes various help flag formats: /?, /help, /h, -?, -help, -h, --help, --h, help, ?
 bool IsHelpFlag(std::wstring_view arg) noexcept
 {
     if (arg == L"/?" || arg == L"/help" || arg == L"/h")
@@ -149,11 +108,7 @@ bool IsHelpFlag(std::wstring_view arg) noexcept
     return false;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Checks if kvc_pass.exe exists in current directory or System32
- * 
- * @return bool true if kvc_pass.exe is found
- */
+// Checks if kvc_pass.exe exists in current directory or System32
 bool CheckKvcPassExists() noexcept
 {
     // Check current directory
@@ -170,13 +125,7 @@ bool CheckKvcPassExists() noexcept
     return false;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Initiates system restart with proper privilege escalation
- * 
- * Used after security engine changes that require reboot.
- * 
- * @return bool true if restart initiated successfully
- */
+// Initiates system restart with SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME privilege for security engine changes
 bool InitiateSystemRestart() noexcept
 {
     HANDLE token;
@@ -211,11 +160,7 @@ bool InitiateSystemRestart() noexcept
                         SHTDN_REASON_MAJOR_SOFTWARE | SHTDN_REASON_MINOR_RECONFIGURE) != 0;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Emergency cleanup for driver resources
- * 
- * Called on exit or Ctrl+C to prevent system instability.
- */
+// Emergency cleanup for driver resources - called on exit or Ctrl+C
 void CleanupDriver() noexcept
 {
     if (g_controller) {
@@ -227,23 +172,7 @@ void CleanupDriver() noexcept
 // MAIN APPLICATION ENTRY POINT
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Main application entry point with comprehensive command handling
- * 
- * Supported commands:
- * - Service management: install, uninstall, service
- * - Process operations: list, protect, unprotect, set, dump, kill
- * - Browser extraction: browser-passwords, bp, export
- * - System integration: trusted, install-context, add-exclusion
- * - Security operations: shift, unshift, disable-defender, enable-defender
- * - Registry: registry backup/restore/defrag
- * - Session management: restore, history, cleanup-sessions
- * - Advanced: setup, evtclear
- * 
- * @param argc Argument count
- * @param argv Argument vector
- * @return int Exit code (0=success, 1=error, 2=operation failed, 3=exception)
- */
+// Main entry point with comprehensive command handling for service management, process operations, browser extraction, security operations and more
 int wmain(int argc, wchar_t* argv[])
 {
     // Install signal handler for emergency cleanup on Ctrl+C
@@ -510,7 +439,7 @@ int wmain(int argc, wchar_t* argv[])
             }
         }
         
-				else if (command == L"get") {
+		else if (command == L"get") {
 			if (argc < 3) {
 				ERROR(L"Missing PID/process name argument");
 				return 1;
@@ -977,7 +906,8 @@ int wmain(int argc, wchar_t* argv[])
                 return g_controller->AddToDefenderExclusions(path) ? 0 : 2;
             }
         }
-				else if (command == L"remove-exclusion") {
+		
+		else if (command == L"remove-exclusion") {
 			// Legacy: no args = remove self
 			if (argc < 3) {
 				wchar_t exePath[MAX_PATH];
@@ -1012,6 +942,7 @@ int wmain(int argc, wchar_t* argv[])
 				return g_controller->RemoveFromDefenderExclusions(path) ? 0 : 2;
 			}
 		}
+		
 	    else if (command == L"disable-defender") {
             INFO(L"Disabling Windows Defender (requires restart)...");
             bool result = DefenderManager::DisableSecurityEngine();

kvc/KvcDrv.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,4 @@
-/**
- * @file kvcDrv.cpp
- * @brief KVC kernel driver communication implementation
- * @author Marek Wesolowski
- * @date 2025
- * @copyright KVC Framework
- * 
- * Implements low-level IOCTL communication with the KVC kernel driver
- * for safe memory read/write operations in kernel space.
- */
+// KVC kernel driver communication implementation- Implements low-level IOCTL communication with the KVC kernel driver
 
 #include "kvcDrv.h"
 #include "common.h"
@@ -16,24 +7,20 @@
 // IOCTL COMMAND CODES (DRIVER-SPECIFIC)
 // ============================================================================
 
-/** @brief IOCTL code for kernel memory read operations */
+// IOCTL code for kernel memory read operations
 constexpr DWORD RTC_IOCTL_MEMORY_READ = 0x80002048;
 
-/** @brief IOCTL code for kernel memory write operations */
+// IOCTL code for kernel memory write operations
 constexpr DWORD RTC_IOCTL_MEMORY_WRITE = 0x8000204c;
 
 // ============================================================================
 // CONSTRUCTION AND DESTRUCTION
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Default constructor - initializes empty driver object
- */
+// Default constructor - initializes empty driver object
 kvc::kvc() = default;
 
-/**
- * @brief Destructor - ensures proper resource cleanup
- */
+// Destructor - ensures proper resource cleanup
 kvc::~kvc() 
 {
     Cleanup();
@@ -43,17 +30,7 @@ kvc::~kvc()
 // DRIVER CONNECTION MANAGEMENT
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Cleans up driver resources with proper flushing
- * 
- * Performs orderly shutdown:
- * 1. Flushes file buffers to ensure all pending operations complete
- * 2. Resets smart handle (automatically calls CloseHandle)
- * 3. Clears device name
- * 
- * @note Safe to call multiple times - idempotent operation
- * @note Critical for system stability - prevents hanging IOCTL operations
- */
+// Cleans up driver resources by flushing buffers, closing handle and clearing device name
 void kvc::Cleanup() noexcept 
 {
     DEBUG(L"kvc::Cleanup() called");
@@ -72,32 +49,13 @@ void kvc::Cleanup() noexcept
     DEBUG(L"kvc cleanup completed");
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Checks if driver connection is active
- * 
- * @return bool true if device handle is valid and not INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
- */
+// Checks if driver connection is active
 bool kvc::IsConnected() const noexcept 
 {
     return m_deviceHandle && m_deviceHandle.get() != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Establishes connection to KVC kernel driver
- * 
- * Connection sequence:
- * 1. Checks if already connected (idempotent)
- * 2. Constructs device name from service name
- * 3. Initializes dynamic APIs for CreateFileW
- * 4. Opens device handle with read/write access
- * 5. Wraps raw handle in smart pointer for RAII
- * 
- * @return bool true if driver device opened successfully
- * 
- * @note Does NOT perform test operations - just opens device
- * @note Silently fails if driver not loaded (expected behavior)
- * @note Requires dynamic API initialization for CreateFileW
- */
+// Establishes connection to KVC kernel driver by opening device handle with read/write access
 bool kvc::Initialize() noexcept 
 {
     // Idempotent check - return early if already connected
@@ -145,14 +103,7 @@ bool kvc::Initialize() noexcept
 // MEMORY READ OPERATIONS (TYPE-SAFE WRAPPERS)
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Reads 8-bit value from kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @return std::optional<BYTE> Read value or nullopt on failure
- * 
- * @note Extracts lowest byte from 32-bit read result
- */
+// Reads 8-bit value from kernel memory by extracting lowest byte from 32-bit read
 std::optional<BYTE> kvc::Read8(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept 
 {
     auto value = Read32(address);
@@ -162,14 +113,7 @@ std::optional<BYTE> kvc::Read8(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept
     return static_cast<BYTE>(value.value() & 0xFF);
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Reads 16-bit value from kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @return std::optional<WORD> Read value or nullopt on failure
- * 
- * @note Extracts lowest 2 bytes from 32-bit read result
- */
+// Reads 16-bit value from kernel memory by extracting lowest 2 bytes from 32-bit read
 std::optional<WORD> kvc::Read16(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept 
 {
     auto value = Read32(address);
@@ -179,30 +123,13 @@ std::optional<WORD> kvc::Read16(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept
     return static_cast<WORD>(value.value() & 0xFFFF);
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Reads 32-bit value from kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @return std::optional<DWORD> Read value or nullopt on failure
- * 
- * @note Direct call to low-level Read() function
- */
+// Reads 32-bit value from kernel memory via direct IOCTL call
 std::optional<DWORD> kvc::Read32(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept 
 {
     return Read(address, sizeof(DWORD));
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Reads 64-bit value from kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @return std::optional<DWORD64> Read value or nullopt on failure
- * 
- * @note Performs two 32-bit reads and combines them:
- *       - Low DWORD at address
- *       - High DWORD at address + 4
- * @note Both reads must succeed for operation to succeed
- */
+// Reads 64-bit value from kernel memory by performing two 32-bit reads and combining them
 std::optional<DWORD64> kvc::Read64(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept 
 {
     auto low = Read32(address);
@@ -216,16 +143,7 @@ std::optional<DWORD64> kvc::Read64(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept
     return (static_cast<DWORD64>(high.value()) << 32) | low.value();
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Reads pointer-sized value from kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @return std::optional<ULONG_PTR> Read value or nullopt on failure
- * 
- * @note Platform-dependent:
- *       - x64: Uses Read64
- *       - x86: Uses Read32
- */
+// Reads pointer-sized value from kernel memory (64-bit on x64, 32-bit on x86)
 std::optional<ULONG_PTR> kvc::ReadPtr(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept 
 {
 #ifdef _WIN64
@@ -247,63 +165,25 @@ std::optional<ULONG_PTR> kvc::ReadPtr(ULONG_PTR address) noexcept
 // MEMORY WRITE OPERATIONS (TYPE-SAFE WRAPPERS)
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Writes 8-bit value to kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @param value Value to write
- * @return bool true if write successful
- * 
- * @warning Kernel memory writes can cause system instability
- */
+// Writes 8-bit value to kernel memory (WARNING: can cause system instability)
 bool kvc::Write8(ULONG_PTR address, BYTE value) noexcept 
 {
     return Write(address, sizeof(value), value);
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Writes 16-bit value to kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @param value Value to write
- * @return bool true if write successful
- * 
- * @warning Kernel memory writes can cause system instability
- */
+// Writes 16-bit value to kernel memory (WARNING: can cause system instability)
 bool kvc::Write16(ULONG_PTR address, WORD value) noexcept 
 {
     return Write(address, sizeof(value), value);
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Writes 32-bit value to kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @param value Value to write
- * @return bool true if write successful
- * 
- * @warning Kernel memory writes can cause system instability
- */
+// Writes 32-bit value to kernel memory (WARNING: can cause system instability)
 bool kvc::Write32(ULONG_PTR address, DWORD value) noexcept 
 {
     return Write(address, sizeof(value), value);
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Writes 64-bit value to kernel memory
- * 
- * @param address Target kernel address
- * @param value Value to write
- * @return bool true if write successful
- * 
- * @note Performs two 32-bit writes:
- *       - Low DWORD at address
- *       - High DWORD at address + 4
- * @note Both writes must succeed for operation to succeed
- * 
- * @warning Kernel memory writes can cause system instability
- * @warning Non-atomic operation - system may observe partial write
- */
+// Writes 64-bit value to kernel memory via two 32-bit writes (WARNING: non-atomic, can cause system instability)
 bool kvc::Write64(ULONG_PTR address, DWORD64 value) noexcept 
 {
     DWORD low = static_cast<DWORD>(value & 0xFFFFFFFF);
@@ -317,22 +197,7 @@ bool kvc::Write64(ULONG_PTR address, DWORD64 value) noexcept
 // LOW-LEVEL IOCTL COMMUNICATION
 // ============================================================================
 
-/**
- * @brief Low-level kernel memory read via IOCTL
- * 
- * Communication sequence:
- * 1. Ensures driver connection is initialized
- * 2. Constructs RTC_MEMORY_READ request structure
- * 3. Sends IOCTL_MEMORY_READ command to driver
- * 4. Extracts returned value from response
- * 
- * @param address Kernel address to read from
- * @param valueSize Size of value to read (1/2/4 bytes)
- * @return std::optional<DWORD> Read value or nullopt on failure
- * 
- * @note Uses aligned structure for IOCTL communication
- * @note Driver returns value in response structure
- */
+// Low-level kernel memory read via IOCTL using aligned RTC_MEMORY_READ structure
 std::optional<DWORD> kvc::Read(ULONG_PTR address, DWORD valueSize) noexcept 
 {
     // Construct read request with proper alignment
@@ -369,23 +234,7 @@ std::optional<DWORD> kvc::Read(ULONG_PTR address, DWORD valueSize) noexcept
     return memoryRead.Value;
 }
 
-/**
- * @brief Low-level kernel memory write via IOCTL
- * 
- * Communication sequence:
- * 1. Ensures driver connection is initialized
- * 2. Constructs RTC_MEMORY_WRITE request structure
- * 3. Sends IOCTL_MEMORY_WRITE command to driver
- * 4. Checks for successful completion
- * 
- * @param address Kernel address to write to
- * @param valueSize Size of value to write (1/2/4 bytes)
- * @param value Value to write
- * @return bool true if write successful
- * 
- * @note Uses aligned structure for IOCTL communication
- * @warning Kernel writes can cause BSOD if address is invalid
- */
+// Low-level kernel memory write via IOCTL (WARNING: can cause BSOD if address is invalid)
 bool kvc::Write(ULONG_PTR address, DWORD valueSize, DWORD value) noexcept 
 {
     // Construct write request with proper alignment